Article
Cell Biology
September Numata, Jeffrey P. McDermott, Gustavo Blanco
Summary: The NKA alpha 4 isoform is specifically expressed in male germ cells and plays a crucial role in sperm motility and energetics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tao Yu, Quanli Liu, Xiang Wang, Xiangjian Liu, Yun Chen, Jens Nielsen
Summary: This study demonstrates the establishment of a synthetic decarboxylation cycle in the yeast cytosol, which enhances the production of reduced chemicals. By implementing rational design, metabolic rewiring, and recombinant expression, the researchers achieved a significant increase in free fatty acid yield.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
F. Gagne, H. Houda, C. Andre
Summary: The effects of cadmium and time of day on biological rhythms in freshwater mussels were studied. The results showed that cadmium exposure increased defense mechanism and mitochondria activity, and shifted the peak time of NADH oxidase activity. Additionally, cadmium exposure had complex effects on NADH oscillations in mitochondria.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thibaut Molinie, Elodie Cougouilles, Claudine David, Edern Cahoreau, Jean-Charles Portais, Arnaud Mourier
Summary: The mitochondrial respiratory chain plays a crucial role in metabolic processes by regenerating NAD+ and ATP. Recent studies have shown that complex I can form functional entities called respirasomes, which facilitate NADH oxidation. However, findings demonstrate that complex II is preferred for electron transfer in heart and liver mitochondria. This unexpected result suggests a new regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial respiration in response to NADH/NAD+ redox stress.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Claudia Barfuesser, Carmen Wiedemann, Anne L. C. Hoffmann, Sieglinde Hirmer, Cornelia A. Deeg
Summary: The study revealed that patients with Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU) had a more active metabolic phenotype in their immune cells, showing upregulation of both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic pathway. This finding is consistent with other autoimmune diseases and basic research regarding immune cell metabolic alterations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caroline J. W. Meskers, Marika Franczak, Ryszard T. Smolenski, Elisa Giovannetti, Godefridus J. Peters
Summary: This review summarizes the extent of upregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in different cancer types and its non-metabolic functions in cancer initiation and maintenance. Additionally, the effects of PPP inhibition and its combination with chemotherapeutics are discussed.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Utkarsh Reddy Addi, Sneha Jakhotia, S. Sreenivasa Reddy, G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
Summary: Aging is a major risk factor for diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. This study found that the accumulation of AGEs in the brain increases with age, which may lead to neuronal damage by affecting ER homeostasis, UPS, autophagic flux, and neuronal growth factors.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seung-Bin Na, Bong-Jong Seo, Tae-Kyung Hong, Seung-Yeon Oh, Yean-Ju Hong, Jae-Hoon Song, Sang-Jun Uhm, Kwonho Hong, Jeong-Tae Do
Summary: This study investigated the impact of knocking out the key regulator of mitochondrial fission, the Dnm1l gene, on neural stem cells (NSCs). The results suggest that Dnm1l deficiency leads to impaired self-renewal ability and accelerated cellular aging in NSCs, possibly due to mitochondrial morphological and functional changes as well as increased inflammation and cellular stress response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Tim Baldensperger, Marcus A. Glomb
Summary: The review focuses on the emerging role of lysine acylation in cellular regulation and metabolic processes in response to environmental changes. It discusses non-enzymatic pathways of lysine acylation by reactive acyl-CoA species, acyl phosphates, and alpha-dicarbonyls, as well as their impact on cellular regulatory processes. The potential interferences between lysine acylation and lysine ubiquitylation as a molecular mechanism of dysregulated protein homeostasis in aging and related diseases are also explored.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Brian Glancy, Daniel A. Kane, Andreas N. Kavazis, Matthew L. Goodwin, Wayne T. Willis, L. Bruce Gladden
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Research has shown that lactate is important in energy metabolism but is not directly oxidized within the mitochondria. Proper oxygen levels are essential for cellular function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Sen Yang, Jung Hyun Park, Hui-Chen Lu
Summary: Human studies consistently find bioenergetic maladaptations in aging brains and neurodegenerative disorders. Glucose hypometabolism is observed in vulnerable brain regions. Axonal maintenance failures are linked to bioenergetic dysregulation.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Andrew J. Smith, Jayshree Advani, Daniel C. Brock, Jacob Nellissery, Jessica Gumerson, Lijin Dong, L. Aravind, Breandan Kennedy, Anand Swaroop
Summary: We identified a mitochondrial protein, GATD3A, with bacterial evolutionary affinities, that functions as a deglycase and restricts the formation of AGEs in mitochondria. GATD3A may play a role in maintaining the integrity of important biomolecules.
Article
Cell Biology
Valentina A. Babenko, Denis N. Silachev, Tatyana I. Danilina, Kirill V. Goryunov, Irina B. Pevzner, Ljubava D. Zorova, Vasily A. Popkov, Valery P. Chernikov, Egor Y. Plotnikov, Gennady T. Sukhikh, Dmitry B. Zorov
Summary: The use of stem cells in treating diseases is important, with the age of the donor organism potentially impacting the therapeutic effectiveness of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). While there were minimal differences in lesion volume, functional recovery in a traumatic brain injury model was remarkable, with fetal MSC showing the highest effect. Young MSC had faster growth and higher glucose utilization compared to old MSC.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stanislovas S. Jankauskas, Urna Kansakar, Fahimeh Varzideh, Scott Wilson, Pasquale Mone, Angela Lombardi, Jessica Gambardella, Gaetano Santulli
Summary: Heart failure and cardiovascular disorders are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. This article reviews the main mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the contributions of different cells in diabetes-related heart failure. It also explores the preclinical tools for studying the disease mechanisms and provides updates on clinical management in the literature.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)