Article
Ophthalmology
Shakoor Ba-Ali, Michael Larsen, Henrik Ullits Andersen, Henrik Lund-Andersen
Summary: The study compares retinal function in diabetes without retinopathy, diabetes with moderate NPDR, and individuals without diabetes using ffERG and mfERG. The most prominent anomaly associated with diabetes is a prolongation of the implicit time of the OP2 of the scotopic ffERG.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruonan Wang, Qizhi Jian, Guangyi Hu, Rui Du, Xun Xu, Fang Zhang
Summary: This study explores the metabolite characteristics and underlying regulatory mechanisms of diabetic retinas using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing technology. A total of 145 metabolites showed significant differences in diabetic retinas compared to controls, mainly associated with the Warburg effect, valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation pathways. Transcriptomic analysis identified 71 differentially expressed enzyme-related genes integrated with altered metabolic pathways. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms within 6 of these genes were associated with increased diabetes risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mahtab Ghanbari Rad, Mohammadreza Sharifi, Rokhsareh Meamar, Nepton Soltani
Summary: This study investigated the effects of thiamine disulfide (TD) on hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. The results showed that TD treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels, improved insulin levels, and enhanced pancreatic function.
NUTRITION & DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremy Sprouse, Chethan Sampath, Pandu Gangula
Summary: Gastroparesis is a severe complication observed in women with diabetes mellitus, characterized by abnormal gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction. Our study demonstrates the protective effects of supplemental 17 beta-estradiol on NO-mediated gastric function. The administration of E-2 alleviates oxidative and inflammatory stress and improves metabolic homeostasis in diabetic mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raphaelle Corremans, Patrick C. D'Haese, Benjamin A. Vervaet, Anja Verhulst
Summary: The study successfully developed a rat model of DKD by combining STZ/NAD and oral L-NAME, inducing diabetes, hypertension, and characteristic features of DKD, providing a new animal model for DKD research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rewaa Ali, Tarek Khamis, Gamal Enan, Gamal El-Didamony, Basel Sitohy, Gamal Abdel-Fattah
Summary: In this study, it was found that clove flower extract (CFE) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on multidrug resistant Proteus mirabilis, a bacteria commonly found in diabetic foot ulcers. Furthermore, topical application of CFE hydrogel improved wound healing in Type 1 diabetic albino rats by regulating various wound healing markers, growth factor signaling pathways, inflammatory cytokine expression, and apoptotic markers. Additionally, CFE demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These findings suggest that CFE could be a potential alternative therapy for diabetic foot ulcers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Yin, Ruyi Xu, Lei Ning, Zhimin Yu
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in diabetes patients. This study found that Bergenin has significant therapeutic effects on diabetic retinopathy rats.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Md Fahim Ahmad, Nida Naseem, Inamur Rahman, Nazia Imam, Hina Younus, Swaroop Kumar Pandey, Waseem A. Siddiqui
Summary: This study investigated the potential use of naringin, a flavanone, in treating streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy (DN) in rat models. The results showed that naringin treatment improved DN symptoms and helped restore the normal structure of the brain and pancreas tissues. The neuroprotective properties of naringin may be attributed to its ability to suppress the overactivation of inflammatory molecules and mediators of oxidative stress.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chenyang Wang, Donghui Luo, Lin Zheng, Mouming Zhao
Summary: Casein hydrolysates have shown potential as anti-diabetic food, with the newly identified peptide Val-Pro-Leu-Gly demonstrating effectiveness in reducing blood glucose levels when orally administered to mice. P-FCH activates the non-insulin-mediated AMPK pathway to exert its hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats and HepG2 cells.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mohammad Shamsul Ola
Summary: This study examined ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme activities in diabetic rat retinas under various conditions, highlighting a potential decrease in ROS generation and glucose oxidation rate in the short-term hyperglycemic state. However, an increase in ROS formation was observed in diabetic retinas compared to controls in vivo, indicating non-mitochondrial sources may play a significant role in ROS generation in diabetic retinas.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xudong Yang, Lifeng Wang, Liangzhi Zhang, Xia Zhai, Xiusheng Sheng, Hengjun Lin, Helong Quan
Summary: This study examined the potential of exercise in mitigating skeletal muscle atrophy induced by SGLT2i treatment and found that resistance training is more effective in increasing skeletal muscle mass and muscle fiber cross-sectional area in rats with T2DM compared to aerobic exercise.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed A. El-Mansi, M. A. Al-Kahtani, Ahmed M. Rady, Eman A. El-Bealy, A. M. Al-Asmari
Summary: Diabetes causes significant damage to the retina in rats, including decreased retinal thickness, increased cell apoptosis, and neuronal degeneration. Supplementation of vitamin A and carrot root extract can effectively mitigate retinal damage and restore visual function, possibly by regulating oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick N. Okechukwu, Sophia O. Ekeuku, Hor K. Chan, Kalpana Eluri, Gabriele R. A. Froemming
Summary: The study showed that Palmatine could reduce the up-regulation of chaperone proteins GRP78 and CALR in a diabetic rat model, while up-regulating the expression of antioxidant proteins. This indicates that Palmatine may activate antioxidant proteins to protect cells against oxidative stress.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-ping Liu, Yan-fang Qian, Gao-yi-xin Qin, Li-yan Zhao, Gui-tang Chen
Summary: The study showed that PGP2 has hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mice, effectively reducing blood glucose instability, improving insulin sensitivity, and enhancing organ protection. Additionally, PGP2 can regulate lipid metabolism, helping to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jakub Michal Kurek, Ewelina Krol, Zbigniew Krejpcio
Summary: The study found that dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides can normalize lipid metabolism, alleviate internal organ damage in diabetic rats, and have no significant effect on blood glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance indices.
Article
Ophthalmology
He-Yan Li, Li Dong, Xu-Han Shi, Rui-Heng Zhang, Wen-Da Zhou, Hao-Tian Wu, Chu-Yao Yu, Yi-Tong Li, Yi-Fan Li, Jost B. Jonas, Wen-Bin Wei, Yue-Ming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to examine the intraocular tolerability of cetuximab when applied intravitreally, and its effect on axial elongation. The results showed that intravitreal injections of cetuximab could reduce axial elongation in a dose-dependent and number of treatment-dependent manner, without causing intraocular toxic effects.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
James D. Cole, John A. McDaniel, Joelle Nilak, Ashley Ban, Carlos Rodriguez, Zuhaad Hameed, Marta Grannonico, Peter A. Netland, Hu Yang, Ignacio Provencio, Xiaorong Liu
Summary: Aniridia is a panocular condition characterized by the loss of iris, caused mainly by mutations in the PAX6 gene. This study assessed the effects of Pax6-haploinsufficiency on retinal morphology and vision in Pax6Sey mice. The results showed elevated intraocular pressure and declining visual acuity in Pax6Sey mice, along with local retinal damage and a possible neuroinflammatory response.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Subao Jiang, Ning Xia, Francesco Buonfiglio, Elsa W. Boehm, Qi Tang, Norbert Pfeiffer, Dominik Olinger, Huige Li, Adrian Gericke
Summary: This study found that a high-fat diet induces endothelial dysfunction in the ophthalmic artery, leading to impaired vascular function in the eye. The high-fat diet triggers oxidative stress and involves RAGE and NOX2.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Ophthalmology
Mala Upadhyay, Vera L. Bonilha
Summary: The sodium iodate (NaIO3) model is a valuable tool in studying dry AMD and evaluating the retinal structure. Through extensive research, it has been found that the death of RPE cells caused by NaIO3 injection is closely related to vision loss in patients with dry AMD. Therefore, studying NaIO3 can provide insights into the mechanisms of RPE and photoreceptor cell death and contribute to understanding RPE degeneration in AMD.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Vicki Chrysostomou, Katharina C. Bell, Sze Woei Ng, Samyuktha Suresh, Gayathri Karthik, Marion Millet, Yingying Chung, Jonathan G. Crowston
Summary: We present a new experimental model for inducing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and degeneration in mice. This model allows for the reliable induction of RGC dysfunction and loss, with the resilience of the optic nerve being dependent on the age of the animal. The time-defined nature of the functional and structural changes observed in this model will facilitate the study of glial responses and the evaluation of neuroprotective treatments after intraocular pressure (IOP) injury.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)