Review
Dermatology
Megan H. Trager, Larisa J. Geskin, Faramarz H. Samie, Liang Liu
Summary: The rates of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in the United States have been increasing due to increased ultraviolet radiation exposure. However, skin cancer prevention remains challenging due to the lack of reliable risk assessment methods. There has been significant interest in developing biomarkers for UV exposure in order to improve early detection of skin malignancies.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Subholakshmi Choudhury, Amitava Das
Summary: This article highlights the latest approaches in developing skin equivalents, different models for studying skin diseases and properties, as well as current therapeutic applications of skin substitutes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilie J. Doucet, Sergio Cortez Ghio, Martin A. Barbier, Etienne Savard, Brice Magne, Meryem Safoine, Danielle Larouche, Julie Fradette, Lucie Germain
Summary: Tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESs) used for severe burn injuries have traditionally been cultured using bovine serum, but a new study shows that serum-free media can be used to produce high quality TESs that are macroscopically and histologically similar to those produced with serum. The serum-free TESs expressed the same genes and had comparable mechanical properties to serum-cultured TESs. They were also successfully grafted onto mice for a six-month period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giacomo Bernava, Laura Iop
Summary: Due to the limited regenerative ability of cardiomyocytes, traditional treatment methods are unable to directly repair heart damage. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the field of cardiac tissue engineering, which utilizes biomimetic design and fabrication of cardiac scaffolds and patches to promote cell growth and tissue regeneration, providing a new direction for the treatment of heart diseases.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Raj P. Fadadu, Maria L. Wei
Summary: The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is increasing worldwide, and it is a major contributor to skin cancer mortality. UVA radiation has negative effects on melanocytes and studies have shown a positive association between UVA exposure and melanoma.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mike Climstein, Brendan Doyle, Michael Stapelberg, Nedeljka Rosic, Isolde Hertess, James Furness, Vini Simas, Joe Walsh
Summary: The prevalence of pre-skin cancer, non-melanoma skin cancers, and melanoma skin cancers in Australian surfers and swimmers was found to be higher than the general population. These findings emphasize the importance of regular skin cancer screenings for individuals who engage in surfing or swimming activities, as well as the need for sun protection strategies to reduce the risk of skin cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kavita Vats, Oleg Kruglov, Alicia Mizes, Svetlana N. Samovich, Andrew A. Amoscato, Vladimir A. Tyurin, Yulia Y. Tyurina, Valerian E. Kagan, Yuri L. Bunimovich
Summary: This research indicates that UVB-induced skin inflammation is primarily mediated by ferroptosis in epidermal keratinocytes, rather than apoptosis or pyroptosis. Inhibition of ferroptosis can prevent inflammation and has implications for the prevention and treatment of various skin diseases induced by UVB.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewan Eadie, Paul O'Mahoney, Louise Finlayson, Isla Rose Mary Barnard, Sally Helen Ibbotson, Kenneth Wood
Summary: This study compares the DNA damage caused by far-UVC and sunlight exposure in different climatic conditions, revealing that sunlight exposure poses greater risk for DNA damage compared to far-UVC. It should be noted that the photochemical reactions and consequences of high-energy far-UVC photons absorbed by the stratum corneum remain unknown.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tuba M. Ansary, Md. Razib Hossain, Koji Kamiya, Mayumi Komine, Mamitaro Ohtsuki
Summary: Skin is the largest and most complex organ in the human body, composed of different types of cells. Various environmental stressors, such as UVR, can accelerate skin aging by stimulating inflammatory molecules. UVR-induced skin aging is characterized by loss of elasticity, among other factors, and aged skin serves as a source of circulatory inflammatory molecules that further accelerate aging and contribute to aging-related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Dermatology
Christianna Marie Czyz, Paul Werner Kunth, Florian Gruber, Christopher Kremslehner, Christoph Matthias Hammers, Jennifer Elisabeth Hundt
Summary: Human skin equivalents (HSEs) are three-dimensional skin organ culture models raised in vitro. This review provides an overview of common techniques for setting up HSEs, including the use of 3T3-J2 murine fibroblasts, purchased human fibroblasts or freshly isolated and cultured fibroblasts to build the scaffold, and freshly isolated and cultured keratinocytes to seed on top. It also discusses the addition of other cell types such as melanocytes and provides possible markers and techniques for evaluating artificial skin. The review further compares HSEs to human skin organ culture and discusses their advantages, limitations, and future perspectives.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yoon-Young Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Jeong-Hwan Che, Seung-Yup Ku, Byeong-Cheol Kang, Jun-Won Yun
Summary: Immunodeficient animal models serve as valuable tools for stem cell research, with different gene defects resulting in a variety of phenotypes. Selecting the most appropriate immunodeficient strain, target gene, and animal species based on research type, mutant gene effects, and similarity to human immunological features is crucial for guiding researchers in stem cell research.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leyla A. Akh, Mohammad O. Ishak, Jennifer F. Harris, Trevor G. Glaros, Zachary J. Sasiene, Phillip M. Mach, Laura M. Lilley, Ethan M. McBride
Summary: This article discusses the advancements in in vitro 3D skin models and MS-based -omics techniques used in low-dose ionizing radiation research, as well as tracks their application in the search for biomarkers.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Montero, Cristina Quilez, Leticia Valencia, Paula Giron, Jose Luis Jorcano, Diego Velasco
Summary: This study demonstrates that increasing fibrin concentration can significantly improve mechanical properties and matrix stability, thereby promoting the development of in vitro skin cultures. These new systems will provide better in vitro skin models for testing drugs, cosmetics, and chemicals, and can even be used for personalized skin diagnosis and determining the most effective treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Amy L. Harding, Helen E. Colley, Inmaculada Barragan Vazquez, Simon Danby, Md Zobaer Hasan, Hirofumi Nakanishi, Tetsuo Furuno, Craig Murdoch
Summary: Skin irritancy is a significant problem that affects millions of people worldwide. New testing methods using human skin equivalents have found evidence of specific activation of c-Src kinase in response to chemical irritants, suggesting the development of rapid screening methods for potential irritants.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
M. Lotz, T. Budden, S. J. Furney, A. Viros
Summary: This study establishes a mathematical approach using melanoma mutational data to analyze how sex and age shape the tumor genome. The results show that melanoma is primarily driven by cell-intrinsic age-related mutations and extrinsic ultraviolet radiation-induced mutations, with differences in magnitude and chronology by sex in distinct molecular subtypes. Sex and age play a role in determining the final mutational composition of melanoma.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Visalini Nair-Shalliker, David P. Smith, Val Gebski, Manish Patel, Mark Frydenberg, John W. Yaxley, Robert Gardiner, David Espinoza, Michael G. Kimlin, Michael Fenech, David Gillatt, Henry Woo, Bruce K. Armstrong, Krishan Rasiah, Nader Awad, James Symons, Howard Gurney
Summary: The study aims to investigate if monthly oral high-dose vitamin D supplementation can prevent disease progression in low-to-intermediate risk prostate cancer patients managed by active surveillance. The trial will assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of supplementing with an initial loading dose followed by monthly doses over a 2-year period.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hai Pham, Mary Waterhouse, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Dallas R. English, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Adrian R. Martineau, Rachel O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: This study analyzed data from older Australian adults and found that monthly vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the overall risk of acute respiratory tract infection, but could slightly reduce the duration of symptoms in the general population.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mary Waterhouse, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Dallas R. English, Bruce K. Armstrong, Michael W. Clarke, Peter R. Ebeling, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel L. O'Connell, Hai Pham, Rachael M. Rodney Harris, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: The D-Health Trial investigates the impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on mortality rate and cancer prevention. Predictive models were developed to estimate baseline serum 25(OH)D levels, with UV radiation and vitamin D intake identified as key predictors of low serum 25(OH)D concentrations.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mark P. Little, Terrence Lee, Michael G. Kimlin, Cari M. Kitahara, Rui Zhang, Bruce H. Alexander, Martha S. Linet, Elizabeth K. Cahoon
Summary: The study found that the relative and absolute risk of basal cell carcinoma increased with cumulative ambient UVR exposure, with the highest absolute risk for the head/neck and to a lesser extent, the trunk. Additionally, individuals with Gaelic ancestry had lower relative risks but higher absolute risks.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Melisa J. Andrade, Derek R. Van Lonkhuyzen, Zee Upton, Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
Summary: UVBR-induced DNA photolesions impair keratinocyte functions and determine cell fate, while IGF-I can rescue keratinocytes by preventing apoptosis and removing photolesions. The study on the impact of signalling inhibitors revealed the crucial role of RPA in linking damage response activation, cell cycle regulation, repair, and survival pathways initiated by IGF-I.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mary Waterhouse, Emma Sanguineti, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Dallas R. English, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel L. O'Connell, Hai Pham, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: This study found that monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the risk of falls, and may potentially increase the risk of falling in individuals with normal BMI. Further investigation is needed to better understand the impact of vitamin D supplementation on falls risk in different populations.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Bo Yuan, Zee Upton, David Leavesley, Chen Fan, Xi-Qiao Wang
Summary: Hypertrophic scarring is a challenging issue with limited understanding of its mechanisms and clinical treatment options. Recent studies have shown that pathological scars are hyperactive vascular responses to injury. Traditional treatments only partially target scar-associated microvessels or collagen, leading to limited effectiveness and undesired side effects. More precise treatment strategies are needed, such as categorizing scars as vascular-dominant or collagen-dominant and recommending vascular-targeted, collagen-targeted, or combination therapies.
ADVANCES IN WOUND CARE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hai Pham, Mary Waterhouse, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Dallas R. English, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel L. O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on infection risk and found that vitamin D may reduce the number of antibiotic prescriptions, especially in individuals with low vitamin D levels.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katharina M. D. Merollini, Louisa G. Gordon, Yiu M. Ho, Joanne F. Aitken, Michael G. Kimlin
Summary: The number of cancer survivors is increasing worldwide. This study aimed to quantify the long-term health service costs of cancer survivors in Queensland, Australia. The study found that the highest healthcare costs were incurred by patients with prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer. Costs were typically highest in the first year after diagnosis and decreased over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ran Zhang, Amelia K. Smit, David Espinoza, Martin Allen, Gillian Reyes-Marcelino, Michael G. Kimlin, Serigne N. Lo, Ashleigh R. Sharman, Matthew H. Law, Peter A. Kanetsky, Graham J. Mann, Anne E. Cust
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aninda Rahman, Mary Waterhouse, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Dallas R. English, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: Observational studies suggest an inverse association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and pain, but intervention trials have inconsistent findings. In this large placebo-controlled trial, vitamin D supplementation with 60000 IU of vitamin D-3/month had negligible effect on bodily pain.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alan E. Stewart, Michael G. Kimlin
Summary: A total solar eclipse occurred over North America on 21 August 2017 and people spent around an hour observing it. The time spent outside differed according to individuals' self-reported skin response to the sun. The most common skin protective measures were seeking shade and wearing short-sleeve shirts.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chi Kin Law, Anne E. Cust, Amelia K. Smit, Lyndal Trevena, Pablo Fernandez-Penas, Omgo E. Nieweg, Alexander M. Menzies, Sarah Wordsworth, Managing Your Risk Study Grp
Summary: This study evaluates the long-term cost-effectiveness of a melanoma prevention program using personalized genomic risk provision and genetic counseling. The results show that targeting high-risk individuals with genomic risk provision is a cost-effective strategy for reducing sunburns.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel E. Neale, Catherine Baxter, Briony Duarte Romero, Donald S. A. McLeod, Dallas R. English, Bruce K. Armstrong, Peter R. Ebeling, Gunter Hartel, Michael G. Kimlin, Rachel O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Mary Waterhouse
Summary: Supplementing older adults with monthly doses of vitamin D-3 does not reduce all-cause mortality and may even increase the risk of death from cancer in some cases.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jayakumar Perumal, Hann Qian Lim, Amalina Binte Ebrahim Attia, Riazul Raziq, David Ian Leavesley, Zee Upton, U. S. Dinish, Malini Olivo
Summary: A biofunctionalized, cost-effective SERS substrate was developed for wound marker sensing, allowing for monitoring and detection of changes in proteins such as MMP-9 and TNF-alpha during wound healing. The platform demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity, providing potential for a non-invasive, real-time measure of cutaneous wound healing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Matthew J. Davis, Gokul Srinivasan, Rachael Chacko, Sophie Chen, Anish Suvarna, Louis J. Vaickus, Veronica C. Torres, Sassan Hodge, Eunice Y. Chen, Sarah Preum, Kimberley S. Samkoe, Brock C. Christensen, Matthew R. Leboeuf, Joshua J. Levy
Summary: The development and application of AI algorithms are of great significance for the removal of cSCC, as they can improve operational efficiency and accuracy, especially for moderately and poorly differentiated tumors/ neoplasms. Further improvement is needed to maintain sensitivity to surrounding tissue and determine anatomical positioning.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Dermatology
Lingjing Chen, Qing Yu, Feiying Guo, Xuewen Wang, Zhenying Cai, Qiang Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the role and mechanisms of NTS in stress-induced hair growth inhibition. The results demonstrated that NTS effectively counteracted hair growth inhibition caused by stress and regulated the expression of multiple genes related to hair growth at the transcriptional level.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2024)
