Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Matija Cuk, Maryame El Moutamid
Summary: Saturn's satellite system exhibits multiple orbital resonances, including both two-body and three-body resonances. Previous studies primarily focused on two-body resonances, but our numerical integrations reveal the prevalence of three-body resonances in the past dynamics of Saturnian satellites. These resonances, which are typically of the eccentricity type, do not significantly affect the inclinations of the moons. Future studies should take into account the influence of three-body resonances, which have been overlooked in the past.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Wei Fang, Lingang Zhu, Youshan Wang
Summary: Drop tests were conducted on a twin tandem landing gear with different filling parameters, showing its ability to absorb landing impact. The pitch damper only absorbs a small portion of the pitching kinetic energy during tail-down landing. Furthermore, the orifice diameter has little effect on the axial load, while the pressure can affect the vibration attenuation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinzhu Wang, Shasha He, Penghui Cheng, Kanyi Pu
Summary: A dual-locked and tandem activatable probe (DTAP) is developed for real-time NIRF imaging of intratumoral pyroptosis during cancer chemo-immunotherapy in living mice. The activated signal of DTAP correlates well with tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes and tumor growth inhibition, enabling the prediction of cancer therapeutic efficacy. This study provides a non-invasive technique to study the regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in cancer therapy and optimize cancer chemo-immunotherapies.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zicong Zhang, Wenping Pan, Yayu Xie, Kai Liu, Meng Gao, Yingjun Wang
Summary: We have developed a photoactivatable fluorescent probe that enables tandem imaging of organelles and in situ monitoring of their interplay. This strategy offers the advantages of simple operation and significant fluorescence spectral difference, making it promising for studying organelle interplay in various biological processes.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Robert A. Jacobson
Summary: This article presents a study on the Saturnian system, in which four spacecraft, including Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and Cassini, were sent for investigation. Through analyzing data from these spacecraft, along with Earth-based and Hubble Space Telescope observations, the orientation and precession model of Saturn's pole was constructed, and gravitational parameters of the system and the orbits of the Saturnian satellites were determined.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ali H. Sulaiman, Nicholas Achilleos, Cesar Bertucci, Andrew Coates, Michele Dougherty, Lina Hadid, Mika Holmberg, Hsiang-Wen Hsu, Tomoki Kimura, William Kurth, Alice Le Gall, James McKevitt, Michiko Morooka, Go Murakami, Leonardo Regoli, Elias Roussos, Joachim Saur, Oleg Shebanits, Anezina Solomonidou, Jan-Erik Wahlund, J. Hunter Waite
Summary: The recent Cassini-Huygens mission has significantly enhanced our understanding of Saturn's moons Titan and Enceladus. Advocating for further exploration of these moons, the mission's success has highlighted the importance of including Titan and Enceladus science in ESA's long-term roadmap. By addressing important science questions and themes related to these moons, significant advancements can be made in our knowledge of the Solar System and the potential for habitable environments beyond Earth.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Victor Arana-Pulido, Eugenio Jimenez-Yguacel, Francisco Cabrera-Almeida, Pedro Quintana-Morales
Summary: This article presents a radio frequency system for precise vertical landings of drones, using three-way phase shift detection. The system has been experimentally verified to be feasible and accurate for controlling the landing process.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ebaston Thankarajan, Suchita Jadhav, Galia Luboshits, Gary Gellerman, Leonid Patsenker
Summary: In this study, a dual-dye ratiometric system was utilized for quantification monitoring of anticancer drug delivery and release in tumors, demonstrating its advantages in a mouse model.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Haibin Duan, Yang Yuan, Zhigang Zeng
Summary: This research presents an automatic carrier landing system that utilizes fixed time control strategy to enhance the accuracy and reliability of carrier landings.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Kir Latyshev, Nicola Garzaniti, Edward Crawley, Alessandro Golkar
Summary: The renewed interest in lunar exploration has led to the development of new lunar human landing systems (HLS) to establish a constant human presence on the Moon. Research shows that for reusable systems, the 1-stage and 3-stage options are more advantageous than the 2-stage option, and in terms of propellant combinations, LOX/LH2 or combined LOX/LH2/LOX/CH4 architectures dominate. It is important to consider cost-effectiveness in long-term exploration programs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bikash Baishya, Ajay Verma, Rashmi Parihar
Summary: CDCl3 is a commonly used solvent for NMR investigations of organic compounds, but the longer acquisition time for C-13 NMR can be a challenge. By utilizing a biphasic system with two immiscible solvents, the speed of C-13 observation and signal to noise ratio can be significantly improved, leading to a more than twofold reduction in experimental time and sensitivity boost for H-1 NMR and other NMR experiments.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Julie C. Castillo-Rogez, Klara Kalousova
Summary: Spacecraft missions have discovered an increasing number of ocean worlds in the Solar System, with Europa and Enceladus considered the most promising candidates for life-search missions. The science of ocean worlds shares similarities with Earth's oceans, but there are important differences, such as the presence of thick ice shells that may hinder the introduction of necessary chemical gradients.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zia Fatma, Shih- Tan, Aashutosh Girish Boob, Huimin Zhao
Summary: The non-conventional yeast Issatchenkia orientalis has robust resistance to acidity and has attracted attention for its ability to produce organic acids from various carbon sources. Researchers have developed a genetic toolbox and a bioinformatics pipeline to facilitate multiplex CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing in I. orientalis. They have also created a landing pad system for efficient integration of multiple genes, which has been successfully demonstrated for the production of 5aminolevulinic acid and succinic acid.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Liliane M. L. Burkhard, Sarah A. Fagents
Summary: This study examines the possibility of tidal shear deformation and strike-slip faulting in the Selk crater region on Titan. The results suggest that the current conditions in the area do not support shear deformation caused by diurnal tidal stresses. These findings contribute to our understanding of the structural crustal properties on Titan and inform future exploration missions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qing-Feng Zhang, Meng-Qi Liu, Yan Li, Lin-Peng Wu, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Li-Sha Zhu, Zhan Li
Summary: The Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) on the Cassini spacecraft has provided high-precision astrometry data of planets and satellites through a large number of images. However, some images with trailed stars have not been usable for astrometry. This paper proposes a new method to automatically detect and compute the centers of these trailed stars. The method is then applied to the astrometry of ISS images with trailed stars, resulting in 658 astrometric positions of several satellites between 2004 and 2017. The proposed method effectively performs astrometric measurements of Cassini ISS images with trailed stars.
RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Beatriz Sanchez-Cano, Mark Lester, Marco Cartacci, Roberto Orosei, Olivier Witasse, Pierre-Louis Blelly, Wlodek Kofman
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of Mars' ionosphere during two consecutive solar minima (23/24 and 24/25) using the same dataset. The Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS) is used to study the total electron content and the variability of the electron density profiles. The study confirms that the empirical model equations for the Martian ionosphere derived for the solar minimum 23/24 are also valid and accurate for the solar minimum 24/25.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zach Ulibarri, Tobin Munsat, Michael Voss, John Fontanese, Mihaly Horanyi, Sascha Kempf, Zoltan Sternovsky
Summary: Impact ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) instruments are used to study the molecular composition of space-borne dust grains by impacting them at high velocities. These instruments are important for assessing the inventory and distribution of organics in the solar system, especially for potentially habitable ocean worlds such as Europa. Experiments using a novel airbrushing technique for ice creation show that water ice layers significantly reduce fragmentation rates of amino acids when impacted by high-speed dust particles. The observed fragmentation species correlate with those produced by electron ionization experiments.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qian Zou, Quanjia Zhong, Jiangyu Mao, Ruiqiang Ding, Deyu Lu, Jianping Li, Xuan Li
Summary: Based on a simple coupled Lorenz model, this study investigates how to assess an appropriate initial perturbation scheme for ensemble forecasting in a multiscale system. Four initial perturbation approaches are used, and the results show that the ensemble averages perform better than the control forecast after short lead times in a fast subsystem and after a relatively long period of time in a slow subsystem. Adding perturbations to fast variables or slow variables can contribute to an improvement in the forecasting skill for these variables. The nonlinear local Lyapunov vectors (NLLVs) show higher forecasting skill compared to bred vectors (BVs) or random perturbations (RPs).
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Alberti, W. Sun, A. Varsani, D. Heyner, S. Orsini, A. Milillo, J. A. Slavin, J. M. Raines, A. Aronica, H. -u. Auster, S. Barabash, E. De Angelis, I. Dandouras, R. Jarvinen, H. Jeszenszky, E. Kallio, A. Kazakov, G. Laky, S. Livi, V. Mangano, S. Massetti, M. Moroni, A. Mura, R. Noschese, C. Plainaki, F. Plaschke, I. Richter, R. Rispoli, R. Sordini, P. Wurz
Summary: This study uses SERENA/PICAM plasma observations and MPO-MAG magnetic field measurements to characterize the intermittent ion features observed in the solar wind upstream of Mercury, and validates the findings using Solar Orbiter observations at a larger distance.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ai Zhang, Rui Wang, Qianfeng Liu, Zhengjun Yang, Xiaohui Lin, Jing Pang, Xiaoyu Li, Dan Wang, Jiayu He, Jianping Li, Mingyue Zhang, Yue Yu, Xu-Chen Cao, Xi Chen, Nai-jun Tang
Summary: This study investigated the association between TBBPA levels in breast adipose and breast cancer, as well as the mediating role of adipose metabolites. TBBPA was found to be significantly associated with breast cancer, and significant perturbation was observed in the linoleic acid metabolism pathway. The phospho-lipid PC (16:0/16:0) was identified as a potential mediator of the association between TBBPA exposure and breast cancer risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jingye Yan, Ji Wu, Leonid I. Gurvits, Lin Wu, Li Deng, Fei Zhao, Li Zhou, Ailan Lan, Wenjie Fan, Min Yi, Yang Yang, Zhen Yang, Mingchuan Wei, Jinsheng Guo, Shi Qiu, Fan Wu, Chaoran Hu, Xuelei Chen, Hanna Rothkaehl, Marek Morawski
Summary: This paper introduces the first results of observations with the Ultra-Long-Wavelength (ULW) - Low Frequency Interferometer and Spectrometer (LFIS) on board the selenocentric satellite Longjiang-2. We present a brief description of the satellite and focus on the LFIS payload. The in-orbit commissioning confirmed a reliable operational status of the instrumentation. We also present results of a transition observation, which offers unique measurements on several novel aspects. We estimate the RFI suppression required for such a radio astronomy instrumentation at the Moon-distances from Earth as order of - 80 dB. We analyse a method of separating Earth- and satellite-originated radio frequency interference (RFI). It is found that the RFI level at frequencies lower than a few MHz is smaller than the receiver noise floor.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leopold Desage, Alain Herique, Sylvain Doute, Sonia Zine, Wlodek Kofman
Summary: This paper focuses on the analysis of the first tens of meters of the Martian subsurface using the SHARAD radar. It compares the use of different high-resolution DTMs for radar simulation, namely, from the HRSC onboard Mars Express and the CTX onboard MRO. The study shows that the HRSC DTM failed to reproduce the surface echo visible on SHARAD data, and also highlights the potential artifacts in optical DTMs that can complicate radar analysis.
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Karen Olsson-Francis, Peter T. Doran, Vyacheslav Ilyin, Francois Raulin, Petra Rettberg, Gerhard Kminek, Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier, Athena Coustenis, Niklas Hedman, Omar Al Shehhi, Eleonora Ammannito, James Bernardini, Masaki Fujimoto, Olivier Grasset, Frank Groen, Alex Hayes, Sarah Gallagher, K. Praveen Kumar, Christian Mustin, Akiko Nakamura, Elaine Seasly, Yohey Suzuki, Jing Peng, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Silvio Sinibaldi, Kanyan Xu, Maxim Zaitsev
Summary: Planetary protection guidelines for Martian exploration have gained significant attention due to increasing scientific interest in the habitability of Mars, advancements in technology, and the involvement of various organizations in space activities. The COSPAR Panel on Planetary Protection has developed international standards in consultation with the scientific community and space agencies, providing guidance for compliance with the Outer Space Treaty. In 2021, the Panel assessed recent scientific data and literature to evaluate the planetary protection requirements for Mars and discuss future steps for robotic missions.
LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ralph D. Lorenz, Sylvestre Maurice, Baptiste Chide, David Mimoun, Alexander Stott, Naomi Murdoch, Martin Giller, Xavier Jacob, Roger C. Wiens, Franck Montmessin, Havard Grip, Theodore Tzanetos, Bob Balaram, Nathan Williams, Matt Keennon, Sara Langberg, Jeremy Tyler, Tanguy Bertrand, Adrian Brown, Nicolas Randazzo, Benjamin Pipenberg
Summary: The sounds of the Ingenuity Helicopter flying in the Martian atmosphere were recorded by the microphone on the SuperCam instrument. The recorded audio signals show distinct frequencies at 84 Hz and occasionally at 168 Hz, corresponding to the blade crossing frequency and its first harmonic. The sound recordings also exhibit a deep modulation with nulls spaced by around 15-20s, in addition to the expected decline in amplitude with distance.
PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sascha Kempf, Nicolas Altobelli, Juergen Schmidt, Jeffrey N. Cuzzi, Paul R. Estrada, Ralf Srama
Summary: There is ongoing debate about whether Saturn's main rings are young or ancient. The rings are mostly composed of water-ice but are polluted by non-icy material. Continuous bombardment from micrometeoroids from outside the Saturnian system is the source of this pollution. By measuring the micrometeoroid flux into the Saturnian system, it is possible to estimate the rings' exposure time and infer their age. The final measurements by Cassini's Cosmic Dust Analyzer indicate a ring exposure time of less than or similar to 100 to 400 million years, supporting recent ring formation scenarios.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Iannis Dandouras, Matt G. G. T. Taylor, Johan De Keyser, Yoshifumi Futaana, Ruth A. Bamford, Graziella Branduardi-Raymont, Jean-Yves Chaufray, Dragos Constantinescu, Elisabetta De Angelis, Pierre Devoto, Jonathan Eastwood, Marius Echim, Philippe Garnier, Benjamin Grison, David Hercik, Helmut Lammer, Andre Laurens, Francois Leblanc, Anna Milillo, Rumi Nakamura, Lubomir Prech, Elias Roussos, Stepan Stverak, Julien Forest, Arnaud Trouche, Sebastien L. G. Hess, Jean-Charles Mateo-Velez, James Carpenter, Josef Winter
Summary: The Lunar Orbital Platform - Gateway (LOP-Gateway), assembled and operated by NASA and international partner organizations, offers new opportunities for scientific research in the vicinity of the Moon. It provides a unique location to study the deep space plasma environment and its interaction with the lunar surface and exosphere. This paper explores the potential of externally mounted payloads on the Gateway for space plasma physics research and the impact of the space environment on an inhabited platform.
FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. M. Bower, A. C. McAdam, C. S. C. Yang, M. Millan, R. Arevalo, C. Achilles, C. Knudson, T. Hewagama, C. A. Nixon, C. B. Fishman, S. S. Johnson, Jacob Bleacher, Patrick Whelley
Summary: The detection of life in the solar system relies on accurately identifying the signs of life and habitability. Organic molecules are crucial for life, but they can also be present in non-biological processes. In this study, the researchers found signatures of cyanates, which are nitrogen compounds, co-occurring with organic molecules in basaltic samples collected from different environments. These cyanates may be linked to an active microbial nitrogen cycle.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ralph Lorenz
Summary: This paper reviews topographic slopes on Titan. Cassini radar provides information on large scale slopes, while Arecibo and Cassini radar scattering properties provide information on wavelength scale slopes. The slopes on Titan are shallower compared to terrestrial planets and the Moon. The overall slope statistics suggest a fractal Hurst exponent of -0.5, but deviations may exist at dune and gravel scales. The design requirements for the Dragonfly lander and other missions are contextualized by comparing the slope tolerance of previous planetary lander missions with terrestrial rotorcraft specifications.
PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Leigh N. Fletcher, Thibault Cavalie, Davide Grassi, Ricardo Hueso, Luisa M. Lara, Yohai Kaspi, Eli Galanti, Thomas K. Greathouse, Philippa M. Molyneux, Marina Galand, Claire Vallat, Olivier Witasse, Rosario Lorente, Paul Hartogh, Francois Poulet, Yves Langevin, Pasquale Palumbo, G. Randall Gladstone, Kurt D. Retherford, Michele K. Dougherty, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Stas Barabash, Luciano Iess, Lorenzo Bruzzone, Hauke Hussmann, Leonid I. Gurvits, Ondrej Santolik, Ivana Kolmasova, Georg Fischer, Ingo Mueller-Wodarg, Giuseppe Piccioni, Thierry Fouchet, Jean-Claude Gerard, Agustin Sanchez-Lavega, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Denis Grodent, Francesca Altieri, Alessandro Mura, Pierre Drossart, Josh Kammer, Rohini Giles, Stephanie Cazaux, Geraint Jones, Maria Smirnova, Emmanuel Lellouch, Alexander S. Medvedev, Raphael Moreno, Ladislav Rezac, Athena Coustenis, Marc Costa
Summary: ESA's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) will conduct a detailed investigation of the Jovian system in the 2030s, utilizing state-of-the-art instruments and a tailored orbital tour. The mission aims to gather information on the climate, meteorology, and chemistry of Jupiter's atmosphere and auroras, as well as studying phenomena on various timescales. The remote sensing payload includes spectroscopy, imaging, and sounding techniques, allowing for a comprehensive characterization of the planet's atmosphere and auroras.
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. E. Milan, M. K. Mooney, G. E. Bower, M. G. G. T. Taylor, L. J. Paxton, I. Dandouras, A. N. Fazakerley, C. M. Carr, B. J. Anderson, S. K. Vines
Summary: We investigated a 15-day period in October 2011 and found weak cusp-aligned arc (CAA) emissions in the polar regions when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle was small. Simultaneous observations of ions and electrons showed that dense plasma was observed even far from the equatorial plane of the tail. We interpret the observations as evidence of trapped plasma on closed field lines, suggesting that the magnetosphere was almost entirely closed during these periods.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
