Journal
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
Volume 97, Issue 2, Pages 211-217Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.07.006
Keywords
Apigenin; Breast cancer; Cell cycle; Flavone; Protein kinase B/Akt; Reactive oxygen species
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Funding
- Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation
- Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation Atlantic Region
- Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship
- Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Graduate Scholarship
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Terry Fox Strategic Health Research Training Program in Cancer Research at the Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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Epidemiological studies show that fruit- and vegetable-rich diets are associated with a reduced risk of developing certain forms of cancer, including breast cancer. In this study we demonstrate that a subcytotoxic concentration of apigenin, which is a flavone found at high concentrations in parsley, onions, grapefruit, oranges, and chamomile tea, inhibited DNA synthesis in a panel of human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MBA-MB-468, MCF-7, SK-BR-3). Decreased proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells in the presence of apigenin was associated with G(2)/M phase cell cycle arrest and the production of reactive oxygen species. Apigenin-treated MDA-MB-468 cells also showed reduced phosphorylation of Ala (protein kinase B), which is an essential effector serine/threonine kinase in the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase pathway that promotes tumor growth and progression. However, exposure to the antioxidant reduced glutathione failed to reverse apigenin-mediated inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation, indicating that these effects were not due to oxidative stress. Taken together, these findings suggest that low-dose apigenin has the potential to slow or prevent breast cancer progression. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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