Review
Oncology
Jonathan Thomas, Guru Sonpavde
Summary: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been added to the care of advanced bladder cancer, but further improvement is still needed. Advanced molecular techniques have provided more clarity regarding key genetic alterations of the disease, and targeted therapies directed at these genetic aberrations offer both proven and potential paths forward.
Article
Oncology
Maheetha Bharadwaj, Sumedh Kaul, Aaron Fleishman, Ruslan Korets, Peter Chang, Andrew Wagner, Simon Kim, Joaquim Bellmunt, Irving Kaplan, Aria F. Olumi, Boris Gershman
Summary: Observational analyses emulating a completed randomized trial suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy following radical cystectomy may improve overall survival in locally advanced bladder cancer patients. The results were consistent across baseline patient and tumor characteristics.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jons W. van Hattum, Ben-Max de Ruiter, Jorg R. Oddens, Maarten C. C. M. Hulshof, Theo M. de Reijke, Adriaan D. Bins
Summary: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibition has shown durable treatment responses in bladder cancer patients. Clinical trials combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with bladder-sparing chemoradiotherapy are ongoing. The combination of radiotherapy and checkpoint inhibition may have additive effects. Further research is needed to determine the additional clinical value of this treatment approach for bladder cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
B. C. Baumann, M. S. Zaghloul, P. Sargos, V Murthy
Summary: Local-regional failure after radical cystectomy for pT3 urothelial carcinoma is a significant clinical challenge. Prospective trials have shown that radiation therapy plus chemotherapy may significantly reduce local recurrences compared with chemotherapy alone, leading to meaningful improvements in disease-free and overall survival. Adjuvant radiotherapy should be considered as a treatment option for patients with locally advanced disease, particularly those with positive margins or squamous cell carcinoma.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jean Hoffman-Censits, Laneisha Maldonado
Summary: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate that has been FDA-approved for the treatment of treatment-refractory urothelial cancer. It has shown high activity in patients with poor prognosis, and has a good tolerability profile. Ongoing trials are exploring its use in different disease states and in combination with other agents.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yongbao Wei, Ruochen Zhang, Chenbo Yu, Zhiwei Hong, Le Lin, Tao Li, Jianhui Chen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of Disitamab Vedotin (DV) in patients with locally and locally advanced bladder urothelial carcinoma. The results showed that the combination of DV and PD-1 demonstrated high ORR in patients with HER2 IHC 0/1+/2+/3+ and had the longest reported rPFS to date. Additionally, the safety profile of this treatment was confirmed to be manageable.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sarah M. H. Einerhand, Nick van Dijk, Jeroen van Dorp, Jeantine M. de Feijter, Maurits L. van Montfoort, Maaike W. van de Kamp, Eva E. Schaake, Thierry N. Boellaard, Kees Hendricksen, Michiel S. van der Heijden, Bas W. G. van Rhijn
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of neoadjuvant/induction platinum-based combination chemotherapy (NAIC) with combination immune checkpoint inhibition (cICI) in patients with locally advanced urothelial carcinoma. The results showed that cICI was associated with superior progression-free survival and overall survival compared to NAIC. This provides a strong rationale for validating cICI as the standard treatment for locally advanced urothelial carcinoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mariane S. Fontes, Daniel Vargas Pivato de Almeida, Clarissa Cavalin, Scott T. Tagawa
Summary: Urothelial carcinoma is a common genitourinary malignancy with poor prognosis. Sacituzumab govitecan, an ADC targeting Trop-2, has shown promising efficacy and safety in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer. However, not all patients respond to this therapy, highlighting the importance of understanding resistance mechanisms and predictive biomarkers for improved outcomes.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Andrew B. Katims, Peter A. Reisz, Lucas Nogueira, Hong Truong, Andrew T. Lenis, Eugene J. Pietzak, Kwanghee Kim, Jonathan A. Coleman
Summary: Urothelial carcinoma is a malignancy with poor prognosis. The standard treatment is chemotherapy followed by immunotherapy, but the survival outcomes are still unsatisfactory. New targeted therapies have been identified and shown efficacy as second-line treatment, which can be extended to other treatment categories.
Article
Pathology
Matteo Brunelli, Alessandro Tafuri, Luca Cima, Maria Angela Cerruto, Michele Milella, Andrea Zivi, Sebastiano Buti, Melissa Bersanelli, Giuseppe Fornarini, Valerio Gaetano Vellone, Sara Elena Rebuzzi, Giuseppe Procopio, Elena Verzoni, Sergio Bracarda, Roberto Sabbatini, Cinzia Baldessari, Albino Eccher, Rodolfo Passalacqua, Bruno Perrucci, Maria Olga Giganti, Maddalena Donini, Stefano Panni, Marcello Tucci, Veronica Prati, Cinzia Ortega, Anna Calio, Filippo Alongi, Enrico Munari, Giovanni Pappagallo, Roberto Iacovelli, Alessandra Mosca, Camillo Porta, Guido Martignoni, Alessandro Antonelli
Summary: According to our study, MDM2 gene amplification was observed in both PD-L1 positive and negative muscle-invasive bladder UC independently from the TCGA molecular phenotypes. Therefore, the assessment of MDM2 and PD-L1 might predict a better response to combo/single targeted therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Elaine Chang, Chana Weinstock, Lijun Zhang, Rosane Charlab, Sarah E. Dorff, Yutao Gong, Vicky Hsu, Fang Li, Tiffany K. Ricks, Pengfei Song, Shenghui Tang, Peter E. Waldron, Jingyu Yu, Eias Zahalka, Kirsten B. Goldberg, Richard Pazdur, Marc R. Theoret, Amna Ibrahim, Julia A. Beaver
Summary: Enfortumab vedotin-ejfv has been granted accelerated approval by the FDA for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. The drug showed certain efficacy in clinical trials but also comes with a high rate of adverse reactions. This approval is subject to further verification and description of clinical benefits in confirmatory trials.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yiannis Drosos, Eumorphia G. Konstantakou, Aggeliki-Stefania Bassogianni, Konstantinos-Stylianos Nikolakopoulos, Dimitra G. Koumoundourou, Sophia P. Markaki, Ourania E. Tsitsilonis, Gerassimos E. Voutsinas, Dimitrios Valakos, Ema Anastasiadou, Dimitris Thanos, Athanassios D. Velentzas, Dimitrios J. Stravopodis
Summary: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a highly prevalent disease that is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and cost. Strategies targeting critical components and processes in BLCA cells' evolutionary trajectories are needed. Microtubule dynamics play a vital role in the survival and growth of BLCA cells, and targeting this pathway shows therapeutic promise with paclitaxel treatment.
Article
Oncology
Wen-Zhe Kang, Jin-Ming Shi, Bing-Zhi Wang, Jian-Ping Xiong, Xin-Xin Shao, Hai-Tao Hu, Jing Jin, Yan-Tao Tian
Summary: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy may prolong overall survival and reduce regional recurrence rate in locally advanced Siewert type II/III adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dongin Lee, Wookjae Lee, Hwang-Phill Kim, Myong Kim, Hyun Kyu Ahn, Duhee Bang, Kwang Hyun Kim
Summary: The uAL100 method is reported as a precise way to detect bladder cancer (BC) tumor DNA in urine without the need for tumor samples. It showed 83.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity in detecting BC using urine samples from 43 BC patients and 21 healthy donors. The mutations identified by uAL100 in urine DNA were strongly associated with BC tumorigenesis and progression.
Review
Oncology
Lin Su, Lei She, Liangfang Shen
Summary: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, originating from the mucous epithelium of the nasopharynx. Symptoms are often missed, with majority of patients presenting with locally advanced disease. Concurrent radiation therapy with chemotherapy can improve regional control, but distant metastasis remains a challenge. Adjuvant chemotherapy's role in treating locally advanced NPC is still unclear and associated with increased toxicity.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
