Article
Biophysics
Alina Vasilescu, Borys Hrinczenko, Greg M. Swain, Serban F. Peteu
Summary: This mini-review introduces the reader to research on exhaled breath analysis for detecting abnormal chemical markers reflective of respiratory diseases. It discusses two main groups of sensing methods: mass spectrometry and (bio)sensors, with a focus on biosensor applications for EB and EBC analyses. The review concludes with recommendations for future development of EBC biomarker sensing in the near and long term.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maud Hemmendinger, Jean-Jacques Sauvain, Nancy B. Hopf, Guillaume Suarez, Irina Guseva Canu
Summary: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been suggested as a non-invasive method to evaluate airway inflammation. This study developed a new method to quantify 8-OHdG and 8-isoprostane in EBC using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. However, both biomarkers were below the limit of detection, indicating the need for further research on the methodology of EBC collection for quantification of oxidative stress biomarkers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Inger Lise Gade, Jacob Gammelgaard Schultz, Rasmus Froberg Brondum, Benedict Kjaergaard, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk, Asger Andersen, Soren Risom Kristensen, Bent Honore
Summary: This study investigated the proteome of exhaled breath condensate in a porcine model of acute PE to identify potential diagnostic markers. Proteins in the EBC of pigs with PE showed significant alterations, with albumin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin being potential diagnostic markers for PE. A prediction model based on penalized regression accurately discriminated between baseline and PE samples, suggesting a new approach for early PE diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dapeng Chen, Noella A. Bryden, Wayne A. Bryden, Michael McLoughlin, Dexter Smith, Alese P. Devin, Emily R. Caton, Caroline R. Haddaway, Michele Tameris, Thomas J. Scriba, Mark Hatherill, Sophia Gessner, Digby F. Warner, Robin Wood
Summary: Human breath contains trace amounts of non-volatile organic compounds (NOCs) which could be used as markers of individual health. In this study, metabolites and lipids in exhaled breath aerosol (EBA) samples were analyzed to identify molecular signatures of active tuberculosis (TB). Thirteen metabolite and nine lipid markers were identified with statistically different values between individuals with active TB and healthy controls. Importantly, EBA lipid profiles can effectively distinguish the two sample types, indicating the diagnostic potential of the identified molecules.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shuo Wei, Yi-sheng Chen, Yi Shi
Summary: This study identified potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) by analyzing the metabolic profile of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples. The identified compounds showed good classification between PA patients and controls, and can serve as noninvasive markers for the diagnosis of PA.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Bettina Streckenbach, Martin Osswald, Stefan Malesevic, Renato Zenobi, Malcolm Kohler
Summary: This study validated the diagnostic method and marker compounds using exhaled breath for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and demonstrated their potential for reliable diagnosis. Nine markers were found to be significantly increased in untreated OSA compared to treated OSA, and the prediction of OSA based on these markers showed high accuracy and sensitivity.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shakiba Zeinali, Chiranjit Ghosh, Janusz Pawliszyn
Summary: Breath-composition analysis is a non-invasive method for early disease diagnosis and exposure history investigation. To overcome the limitations of aerosol nature and low concentrations of volatile organic compounds in breath samples, researchers applied a needle-trap device and electrospun polyacrylonitrile filter for breath characterization. The results showed that the needle-trap device had advantages in capturing droplets and extracting free gas-phase components.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mauro Maniscalco, Debora Paris, Paola Cuomo, Salvatore Fuschillo, Pasquale Ambrosino, Annabella Tramice, Letizia Palomba, Andrea Motta
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, and a single strategy of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) may not achieve the desired outcomes for all patients. This study used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and multivariate statistical analysis to investigate the relationship between biomarkers and clinical parameters in COPD patients undergoing PR. The results showed that the metabolic COPD phenotype evolves during PR, and methanol metabolite could serve as a useful biomarker for monitoring personalized outcomes.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Joanna Polomska, Kamil Bar, Barbara Sozanska
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the pathophysiology of asthma and the potential of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a source of biomarkers for lung disorders. It discusses the clinical implications and limitations of using EBC in asthma research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maud Hemmendinger, Jean-Jacques Sauvain, Nancy B. Hopf, Pascal Wild, Guillaume Suarez, Irina Guseva Canu
Summary: The study optimized a method based on 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine for quantifying MDA in EBC, with analytical uncertainty at the LOQ level reaching 23%, yet still lower than the observed inter-individual variability.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Natalia Zakharova, Anna Kozyr, Anna M. Ryabokon, Maria Indeykina, Polina Strelnikova, Anna Bugrova, Eugene N. Nikolaev, Alexey S. Kononikhin
Summary: This report summarizes several proteomic studies on EBC in normal and lung cancer patients from 2012 to 2021, highlighting the need for standardized protocols in the collection and preparation of EBC for proteomic analysis. The application of quantitative and targeted LC-MS/MS approaches appears to be the most promising for future EBC proteomic studies.
EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Bin Hu
Summary: The analysis of exhaled breath using mass spectrometry has shown great potential in disease diagnosis and monitoring. This review article highlights the use of mass spectrometry as a clinical tool for diagnosing human diseases, discussing different breath sampling methods, mass spectrometry techniques, and breath biomarkers. The article also addresses future perspectives and challenges in further developing mass spectrometry-based breath diagnostics.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Ghelli, Marco Panizzolo, Giacomo Garzaro, Giulia Squillacioti, Valeria Bellisario, Nicoletta Colombi, Enrico Bergamaschi, Irina Guseva Canu, Roberto Bono
Summary: This systematic review compares baseline values of pro/anti-inflammatory biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) in healthy, non-smoking adults, aiming to summarize the concentrations reported in the literature. The adherence to guidelines is crucial due to differences in methodologies employed in the included articles concerning EBC sampling, storage, and analyses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Nuria Barbarroja, Lucas C. Pantaleao, Laura M. Lopez-Sanchez, Susan E. Ozanne, Bernabe Jurado-Gamez, Enrique Aranda, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, Antonio Rodriguez-Ariza
Summary: This study provides evidence for the clinical utility of miRNAs from exhaled breath condensate as biomarkers of lung cancer. Genome-wide miRNA profiling and machine learning analysis revealed altered miRNA levels in lung cancer patients, with specific signatures accurately distinguishing patient types and predicting clinical outcomes. Dysregulated EBC miRNAs also showed associations with clinical features and potential target genes related to lung cancer pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kamil Bar, Paulina Zebrowska, Lukasz Laczmanski, Barbara Sozanska
Summary: This study aimed to determine if there are significant differences in the bacterial microbiome diversity of the lower airways in asthmatic children. The results showed that asthmatic children had higher bacterial diversity in their lower airways, indicating a need for further research on the connection between microbiota and disease pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Giovanni Paoletti, Danilo Di Bona, Derek K. Chu, Davide Firinu, Enrico Heffler, Ioana Agache, Marek Jutel, Ludger Klimek, Oliver Pfaar, Ralph Moesges, Audrey DunnGalvin, Jon Genuneit, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Giorgio Walter Canonica
Summary: Establishing more AIT registries that collect data in a cohesive way using standardized protocols is crucial for providing easily shareable real-world data, ultimately promoting evidence-based research and quality improvement in study design and clinical decision-making.
Article
Allergy
Jean Bousquet, Ioana Agache, Hubert Blain, Marek Jutel, Maria Teresa Ventura, Margitta Worm, Stefano Del Giacco, Athanasios Benetos, Beatrice Maria Bilo, Wienczyslawa Czarlewski, Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff, Mona Al-Ahmad, Elizabeth Angier, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Marina Atanaskovic-Markovic, Claus Bachert, Annick Barbaud, Anna Bedbrook, Kazi S. Bennoor, Elena Camelia Berghea, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Sergio Bonini, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Knut Brockow, Luisa Brussino, Paulo Camargos, G. Walter Canonica, Victoria Cardona, Pedro Carreiro-Martins, Ana Carriazo, Thomas Casale, Jean-Christoph Caubet, Lorenzo Cecchi, Antonio Cherubini, George Christoff, Derek K. Chu, Alvaro A. Cruz, Dejan Dokic, Yehia El-Gamal, Motohiro Ebisawa, Bernadette Eberlein, John Farrell, Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas, Wytske J. Fokkens, Joao A. Fonseca, Yadong Gao, Gaetan Gavazzi, Radoslaw Gawlik, Asli Gelincik, Bilun Gemicioglu, Maia Gotua, Olivier Guerin, Tari Haahtela, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Maja Hofmann, Martin Hrubisko, Maddalena Illario, Carla Irani, Zhanat Ispayeva, Juan Carlos Ivancevich, Kaja Julge, Igor Kaidashev, Musa Khaitov, Edward Knol, Helga Kraxner, Piotr Kuna, Violeta Kvedariene, Antti Lauerma, Lan T. T. Le, Vincent Le Moing, Michael Levin, Renaud Louis, Olga Lourenco, Vera Mahler, Finbarr C. Martin, Andrea Matucci, Branislava Milenkovic, Stephanie Miot, Emma Montella, Mario Morais-Almeida, Charlotte G. Mortz, Joaquim Mullol, Leyla Namazova-Baranova, Hugo Neffen, Kristof Nekam, Marek Niedoszytko, Mikaela Odemyr, Robyn E. O'Hehir, Yoshitaka Okamoto, Markus Ollert, Oscar Palomares, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Petr Panzner, Giovanni Passalacqua, Vincenzo Patella, Mirko Petrovic, Oliver Pfaar, Nhan Pham-Thi, Davor Plavec, Todor A. Popov, Marysia T. Recto, Frederico S. Regateiro, Jacques Reynes, Regina E. Roller-Winsberger, Yves Rolland, Antonino Romano, Carmen Rondon, Menachem Rottem, Philip W. Rouadi, Nathalie Salles, Boleslaw Samolinski, Alexandra F. Santos, Faradiba Sarquis, Joaquin Sastre, Jos M. G. A. Schols, Nicola Scichilone, Anna Sediva, Mohamed H. Shamji, Aziz Sheikh, Isabel Skypala, Sylwia Smolinska, Milena Sokolowska, Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Milan Sova, Rafael Stelmach, Gunter Sturm, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Ana Maria Todo-Bom, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Ioanna Tsiligianni, Maria Torres, Eva Untersmayr, Marilyn Urrutia Pereira, Arunas Valiulis, Joana Vitte, Alessandra Vultaggio, Dana Wallace, Jolanta Walusiak-Skorupa, De-Yun Wang, Susan Waserman, Arzu Yorgancioglu, Osman M. Yusuf, Mario Zernotti, Mihaela Zidarn, Tomas Chivato, Cezmi A. Akdis, Torsten Zuberbier, Ludger Klimek
Summary: Older adults, especially men with diabetes, hypertension, and/or obesity, are prone to severe COVID-19, making it important to carefully consider the management of anaphylaxis when receiving vaccines. While anaphylaxis from COVID-19 vaccines is extremely rare, symptoms can be more severe in older patients, highlighting the importance of prompt treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadia Sukusu Nielsen, Trine A. F. Gadeberg, Ebbe Toftgaard Poulsen, Seandean Lykke Harwood, Christian E. Weberskov, Jan Skov Pedersen, Gregers R. Andersen, Jan J. Enghild
Summary: Mutations in the extracellular matrix protein TGFBIp are associated with protein aggregation in the cornea, leading to vision problems. Crystal structure analysis revealed new dimer interfaces in the mutants R124H and R555W, potentially central to their aggregation mechanism. Solution studies showed interactions between wildtype and mutant TGFBIps, suggesting new therapeutic opportunities for treating corneal dystrophy.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emilie Hage Mogensen, Ebbe Toftgaard Poulsen, Ida B. Thogersen, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Annemarie Bruel, Jan J. Enghild
Summary: This article introduces a simplified LRP1 purification protocol, and uses the purified LRP1 to map its unknown interactome in the human cornea. The results suggest a novel role for LRP1 in regulating corneal immune response, structure, and transparency.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadia Sukusu Nielsen, Alessandra Zarantonello, Seandean Lykke Harwood, Kathrine Tejlgard Jensen, Katarzyna Kjoge, Ida B. Thogersen, Leif Schauser, Jesper Lykkegaard Karlsen, Gregers R. Andersen, Jan J. Enghild
Summary: This study investigates the protease-inhibitory mechanism of human A2ML1 and determines the structures of its native and protease-cleaved conformations. The functional unit of A2ML1 is a monomer that depends on covalent binding of the protease to achieve inhibition. Structural analysis shows that disruption of the bait region triggers conformational changes, resulting in protease inhibition.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seandean Lykke Harwood, Gregers Rom Andersen, Jan J. Enghild
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Bjarke Hviid-Vyff
Summary: Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is a promising novel method of immunotherapy with both short-term desensitizing effects and potential long-term tolerance effects. Although the assessment methods vary, recent findings have illustrated the importance of injecting into the lymph node and the successful use of different medications. If ILIT lives up to its promise, it may become an attractive treatment option for patients with allergies.
CURRENT OPINION IN ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Allergy
Soren Helbo Skaarup, Ole Graumann, Johannes Schmid, Anne Sofie Bjerrum, Tina Skjold, Hans Juergen Hoffmann
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soren K. Amstrup, Sui Ching Ong, Nicholas Sofos, Jesper L. Karlsen, Ragnhild B. Skjerning, Thomas Boesen, Jan J. Enghild, Bjarne Hove-Jensen, Ditlev E. Brodersen
Summary: Using cryogenic electron microscopy, researchers discovered that PhnJ mediates the binding of the ATP-binding cassette proteins PhnK and PhnL to the core complex, and ATP hydrolysis leads to structural rearrangement and opening of the complex. This study sheds light on the breakdown of phosphonate in bacteria and provides insights into the mechanism of the large carbon-phosphorus lyase enzyme.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian E. Rusbjerg-Weberskov, Mette Liere Johansen, Jan S. Nowak, Daniel E. Otzen, Jan Skov Pedersen, Jan J. Enghild, Nadia Sukusu Nielsen
Summary: Human periostin is a matricellular protein that plays important roles in extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor development, and inflammatory diseases. The C-terminal domain of periostin interacts with other domains and proteins, potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of diseases such as atopic dermatitis.
Article
Toxicology
Karin Rosenkilde Laursen, Nichlas Vous Christensen, Frans A. A. Mulder, Jorg Schullehner, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Annie Jensen, Peter Moller, Steffen Loft, Anna-Carin B. Olin, Berit Rasmussen, Bernadette Rosati, Bo Strandberg, Marianne Glasius, Merete Bilde, Torben Sigsgaard, Climate Chamber Grp
Summary: This study investigated the effects of emissions from cooking and candle burning on inflammatory changes in individuals with mild asthma. The results showed that cooking emissions significantly increased levels of oxidatively damaged DNA and lipids in the blood, while candle emissions had a minimal impact on the respiratory system.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Allergy
Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Bjarke Hviid-Vyff, Johannes Schmid
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thea Overgaard Wichmann, Helge Kasch, Stig Dyrskog, Kristian Hoy, Bjarne Kuno Moller, Jan Krog, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Claus Vinter Bodker Hviid, Mikkel Mylius Rasmussen
Summary: This study compares the feasibility of using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) as sample media for measuring biomarkers in traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). The results suggest that GFAP is a potential diagnostic biomarker that can be measured in both CSF and PB.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
T. Smidt-Hansen, H. H. Andersen, L. M. Pedersen, A. S. Bjerrum, T. Skjold, R. Poulsen, S. B. Petersen, H. J. Hoffmann, J. Schmid
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thea Overgaard Wichmann, Helge Kasch, Stig Dyrskog, Kristian Hoy, Bjarne Kuno Moller, Jan Krog, Claus Vinter Bodker Hviid, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Mikkel Mylius Rasmussen
Summary: This study aimed to describe the inflammatory responses and blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity in human traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). The results showed that TSCI mainly triggers innate inflammatory responses that resolve over time, although some patients still exhibit non-resolving inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Furthermore, BSCB disruption was observed in some TSCI patients.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2022)
