Review
Psychiatry
Julie Ramain, Philippe Conus, Philippe Golay
Summary: This study aimed to consolidate current knowledge on first-episode affective psychoses and identify areas for further investigation. The results showed heterogeneity in diagnosis-related grouping under the concept of affective psychoses, indicating a need for specialized intervention for patients with different psychopathological and neurocognitive profiles.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Raly James Perez Custodio, Mikyung Kim, Leandro Val Sayson, Hyun Jun Lee, Darlene Mae Ortiz, Bung-Nyun Kim, Hee Jin Kim, Jae Hoon Cheong
Summary: This study demonstrates that reduced levels of striatal triiodothyronine (T3) due to overexpression of thyroid hormone-responsive protein in mice can lead to inattention and memory impairment, suggesting a potential pathogenetic mechanism for ADHD. The overexpression of thyroid hormone-responsive protein in male mice replicates behavioral features of ADHD, which can serve as an animal model for the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD. Furthermore, TH replacement therapy in these mice rescued the inattention and memory impairment, supporting the involvement of the upregulated thyroid hormone-responsive protein gene in ADHD pathology.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eliza Honybun, Rebecca Thwaites, Charles B. Malpas, Genevieve Rayner, Alison Anderson, Janet Graham, Alison Hitchcock, Terence J. O'Brien, Frank J. E. Vajda, Piero Perucca
Summary: In this study, prenatal exposure to VPA was found to offset the usual male sex-related predominance in the incidence of ASD. Males exposed to other AEDs had higher ASD symptoms, while this typical sex dynamic was not evident in VPA-exposed children. No dose-response relationship was found between VPA exposure and ASD symptoms.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Oskar Hougaard Jefsen, Soren Dinesen Ostergaard, Christopher Rohde
Summary: This study assessed the risk of mania, depressive episodes, and psychiatric admissions after initiation of methylphenidate treatment in patients with bipolar disorder. The results showed a 48% decrease in manic episodes after methylphenidate treatment initiation, which was observed in both patients using mood stabilizers and those not using mood stabilizers. The study concluded that initiation of methylphenidate treatment was not associated with an increased risk of mania in patients with bipolar disorder, and the decrease in manic episodes may be attributed to regression to the mean.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Otmane Bouchatta, Franck Aby, Wahiba Sifeddine, Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz, Louison Brochoire, Houria Manouze, Pascal Fossat, Saadia Ba M'Hamed, Mohamed Bennis, Marc Landry
Summary: Clinical evidence suggests that pain hypersensitivity develops in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this mouse model study, 6-OHDA mice exhibited increased sensitization to thermal and mechanical stimuli, as well as amplified sensitivity to pathological inflammatory stimulus compared to control mice. The study also found that ADHD-related hyperactivity and anxiety, but not inattention and impulsivity, worsened in the presence of persistent inflammatory conditions. The research discovered that hyperactivity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) altered the ACC-posterior insula circuit and triggered changes in spinal networks that underlie nociceptive sensitization.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Anthony G. Pacholko, Lane K. Bekar
Summary: Lithium carbonate is commonly used for bipolar disorder treatment, but its narrow therapeutic index can cause complications. Lithium orotate, on the other hand, has unique uptake characteristics that allow for reduced dosing and lower toxicity. Mouse experiments showed that lithium orotate had superior efficacy, potency, and tolerability compared to lithium carbonate.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Katrina Y. Choe, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Martin Safrin, Hongmei Dong, Elena Salman, Ying Li, Valery Grinevich, Peyman Golshani, Laura A. DeNardo, Olga Penagarikano, Neil G. Harris, Daniel H. Geschwind
Summary: This study investigated the neural basis of abnormal social behavior in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) using a mouse model. Two brain-wide mapping approaches were used to examine the brain activity and connectivity in the Cntnap2 knockout (KO) mouse model of ASD. The study found reduced functional coupling across social brain regions, but general hyperconnectivity across major brain structures. Oxytocin administration stimulated many brain areas and normalized connectivity patterns, and activation of oxytocin receptors in the nucleus accumbens rescued social deficits. These findings provide insights into the circuit and systems-level mechanisms of social deficits in ASD and highlight the role of the nucleus accumbens in social interactions modulated by oxytocin.
Review
Psychiatry
Francesco Bartoli, Daniele Cavaleri, Bianca Bachi, Federico Moretti, Ilaria Riboldi, Cristina Crocamo, Giuseppe Carra
Summary: The study examined the efficacy and safety of repurposed drugs for bipolar disorder and found some drugs showing significant benefits in the short term, although with low quality of evidence. Despite some drugs showing superiority to placebo in treating bipolar depression, the evidence quality remains limited.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shasha Liu, Jinxue Wei, Rongjun Ni, Tianhao Gao, Peiyan Ni, Liansheng Zhao, Xiyu Duan, Xiaohong Ma, Pak C. Sham, Tao Li
Summary: The research showed that chronic valproate treatment can reverse mania-like behaviors in Clock(delta19) mice, reduce hyperactivity, and lower anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, while chronic VPA treatment did not affect 5-HT and DA levels, it did reduce the level of L-DOPA in the hippocampus of Clock(delta19) mice.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johanne Naper Tronnes, Angela Lupattelli, Marte Handal, Svetlana Skurtveit, Eivind Ystrom, Hedvig Nordeng
Summary: This study examined the association between prenatal analgesic opioid exposure and ADHD in children, finding a slightly increased risk of ADHD diagnosis for exposure lasting 5 weeks or more compared to exposure lasting 4 weeks or less. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore potential confounding factors.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena-Raluca Nicoli, Mylene Huebecker, Sangwoo T. Han, Karolyn Garcia, Jeeva Munasinghe, Martin Lizak, Yvonne Latour, Robin Yoon, Brianna Glase, Michal Tyrlik, Morteza Peiravi, Danielle Springer, Eva H. Baker, David Priestman, Rohini Sidhu, Pamela Kell, Xuntian Jiang, Josephine Kolstad, Anna Luisa Kuhn, Mohammed Salman Shazeeb, Maria T. Acosta, Richard L. Proia, Frances M. Platt, Cynthia J. Tifft
Summary: Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, a Glb1-/- mouse model was generated to evaluate characteristics of GM1 gangliosidosis. The model exhibited progressive abnormalities and cerebellar atrophy similar to patients, as well as increased levels of a novel biomarker and glycosphingolipid accumulation. This mouse model, despite being a null variant, most closely represents the less severe type II disease and will guide the development of new therapies.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Raly James Perez Custodio, Hee Jin Kim, Jiyeon Kim, Darlene Mae Ortiz, Mikyung Kim, Danilo Buctot, Leandro Val Sayson, Hyun Jun Lee, Bung-Nyun Kim, Eugene C. C. Yi, Jae Hoon Cheong
Summary: Proteomics analysis revealed that Wnt signaling may regulate the behavioral impairments in THRSP-overexpressing mice in the hippocampal dentate gyri. Children with ADHD-PI often suffer from impaired executive function, temporal processing, and visuospatial memory, which are controlled by the hippocampus. However, the specific genes/proteins involved and how they influence ADHD behavior in the hippocampus are still not well understood. Proteomics and network analysis showed dysregulated Wnt signaling affecting hippocampal dentate gyrus cell proliferation and neural stem cell activity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Le Zhang, Honghui Yao, Lin Li, Ebba Du Rietz, Pontus Andell, Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Brian M. D'Onofrio, Samuele Cortese, Henrik Larsson, Zheng Chang
Summary: This meta-analysis suggests that there is no statistically significant association between ADHD medications and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) across different age groups. However, a modest risk increase cannot be ruled out, especially in the case of cardiac arrest or tachyarrhythmias. Further investigation is needed to assess the cardiovascular risk in female patients and patients with preexisting CVD, as well as the long-term risks associated with ADHD medication use.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sarah C. Borrie, Ellen Plasschaert, Zsuzsanna Callaerts-Vegh, Akihiko Yoshimura, Rudi D'Hooge, Ype Elgersma, Steven A. Kushner, Eric Legius, Hilde Brems
Summary: The study found that Spred1-/- mice exhibit changes in social and communicative behaviors, and pharmacological targeting of the Ras-MAPK pathway can reverse these behavioral phenotypes. Through research on mouse models, it was revealed that dysregulation of the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway plays a key role in mediating social behavior phenotypes in ASD mouse models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maho Asami, Yuji Suzuki, Fumio Sakane
Summary: The deficiency of DGK eta in the brain leads to significantly increased dopamine levels, which in turn cause mania-like abnormal behaviors.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Salla Mansikkamaki, Saku T. Sinkkonen, Esa R. Korpi, Hartmut Lueddens
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Teemu Aitta-aho, Milica Maksimovic, Kristiina Dahl, Rolf Sprengel, Esa R. Korpi
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mira Lainiola, Lana Hietala, Anni-Maija Linden, Teemu Aitta-aho
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena de Miguel, Olga Vekovischeva, Lauri V. Elsila, Anne Panhelainen, Esko Kankuri, Teemu Aitta-aho, Esa R. Korpi
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Esa R. Korpi, Dan Lindholm, Pertti Panula, Pentti J. Tienari, Matti Haltia
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mira Lainiola, Anni-Maija Linden, Teemu Aitta-aho
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shamsiiat Abdurakhmanova, Milo Grotell, Jenna Kauhanen, Anni-Maija Linden, Esa R. Korpi, Pertti Panula
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Elina Nagaeva, Ivan Zubarev, Carolina Bengtsson Gonzales, Mikko Forss, Kasra Nikouei, Elena de Miguel, Lauri Elsila, Anni-Maija Linden, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, George J. Augustine, Esa R. Korpi
Article
Psychiatry
Francesca Morello, Vootele Voikar, Pihla Parkkinen, Anne Panhelainen, Marko Rosenholm, Aki Makkonen, Tomi Rantamaki, Petteri Piepponen, Teemu Aitta-aho, Juha Partanen
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lauri Elsila, Nuppu Korhonen, Petri Hyytia, Esa R. Korpi
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Milo Grotell, Bjornar den Hollander, Aaro Jalkanen, Essi Torronen, Jouni Ihalainen, Elena de Miguel, Mateusz Dudek, Mikko I. Kettunen, Petri Hyytia, Markus M. Forsberg, Esko Kankuri, Esa R. Korpi
Summary: Despite not being neurotoxic on its own, 4-MMC can potentially induce neurotoxicity under certain conditions and when combined with alcohol. The substance causes widespread deactivation of neural activity when used with ethanol, resembling the effects of neurotoxic METH. While 4-MMC has minimal long-term effects when used alone, its co-administration with ethanol leads to profound functional adaptations similar to those seen with neurotoxic METH.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Milo Grotell, Shamsiiat Abdurakhmanova, Lauri V. Elsila, Esa R. Korpi
Summary: The delta subunit-containing gamma-aminobutyric acid A-type receptors (delta-GABA(A)Rs) are thought to play important roles in brain functions and their modulation can affect behaviors in animals. Pharmaco-EEG experiments indicate that drugs interacting with these receptors may impact brain wave frequencies and influence behavioral responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lauri Elsila, Juliana Harkki, Emma Enberg, Alvar Martti, Anni-Maija Linden, Esa R. Korpi
Summary: Acute administration of 0.1 mg/kg LSD transiently decreases binge-like ethanol drinking in mice, but has no effect on sucrose drinking. LSD does not affect the intracranial self-stimulation threshold or the rewarding effects of simultaneous amphetamine treatment, but has small, acute diminishing effects on food and water intake.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Freja Frankenhaeuser, Birgitta Soeder, Hakan Kaellmen, Esa R. Korpi, Jukka H. Meurman
Summary: This study investigated the association between periodontitis and purchases of medications in the long term. The results showed that patients with periodontitis purchased significantly more drugs in certain categories compared to periodontally healthy individuals. This suggests that periodontitis may increase the risk for systemic diseases and the need for medication.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Elina Nagaeva, Ivan Zubarev, Esa R. Korpi
Summary: Characterization of electrically active cells such as neurons requires measurement of their electrical properties. Patch-clamp technique can be used to measure these features, but detailed post-hoc analysis of firing patterns can be time-consuming. Various laboratories have their own methods, but this article introduces a software for fast and convenient analysis of firing patterns.