Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Estel Collado Camps, Sanne A. M. van Lith, Annemarie Kip, Cathelijne Frielink, Lieke Joosten, Roland Brock, Martin Gotthardt
Summary: Conjugation to the cell-penetrating peptide Penetratin robustly improves the internalisation and tumour retention of Exendin(9-39), providing new avenues for antagonist-based in vivo imaging of GLP1R.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ishnoor Singh, Le Wang, Baijuan Xia, Ji Liu, Azeddine Tahiri, Abdelfattah El Ouaamari, Michael B. Wheeler, Zhiping P. Pang
Summary: This study analyzed the distribution of GLP-1R-expressing neurons and their axonal projections in the mouse brain. The results showed that GLP-1R neurons are widely distributed, especially in the hypothalamus, including the ARC, a region known to regulate energy homeostasis and feeding behavior. Activation of ARC GLP-1R neurons significantly suppressed food intake but had minimal impact on glucose homeostasis.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anton Pottegard, Jacob H. Andersen, Jens Sondergaard, Reimar W. Thomsen, Tina Vilsboll
Summary: This study investigates the changes in drug usage patterns for treating type 2 diabetes in Denmark from 2005 to 2021. The results show an increase in new users of non-insulin, glucose-lowering drugs, with a peak in 2011 and a significant increase in 2020-2021. The prevalence of drug use also steadily increased over the years. General practitioners prescribed the majority of glucose-lowering drugs, and there was a notable shift in the type of drugs prescribed.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wolfgang Rathmann, Brenda Bongaerts
Summary: Current studies have identified genetic variants associated with response to DPP-4i, GLP-1 RA, and SGLT2i, but replication studies are lacking. Most studies have been candidate gene-based, indicating that genome-wide association studies may offer more promising insights in the future.
Article
Physiology
Hongyan Shuai, Yunjian Xu, Parvin Ahooghalandari, Anders Tengholm
Summary: The study uncovers the crucial role of GLP1 receptors in glucose-induced cAMP signaling in beta-cells, impacting insulin secretion.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fu-Chih Hsiao, Kun-Chi Yen, Tze-Fan Chao, Shao-Wei Chen, Yi-Hsin Chan, Pao-Hsien Chu
Summary: The study found that in a real-world practice, SGLT2is were associated with a lower risk of new-onset AF compared with GLP-1RAs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Che-Yuan Wu, Lila Shapiro, Michael Ouk, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Sandra E. Black, Baiju R. Shah, Walter Swardfager
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for dementia. Different glucose-lowering drugs have different effects on the brain. The current clinical and epidemiological data are mixed, requiring careful evaluation. Personalized strategies using glucose-lowering drugs have great potential in preventing and treating dementia.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Trevor Yeong, Aaron Shengting Mai, Oliver Z. H. Lim, Cheng Han Ng, Yip Han Chin, Phoebe Tay, Chaoxing Lin, Mark Muthiah, Chin Meng Khoo, Mayank Dalakoti, Poay-Huan Loh, Mark Chan, Tiong-Cheng Yeo, Roger Foo, Raymond Wong, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Weiqin Lin
Summary: This study conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of different glucose-lowering medications on the outcomes of non-diabetic heart failure patients. The results showed that sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were superior to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) and metformin in improving left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximal oxygen consumption (PVO2), and serum N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in non-diabetic heart failure patients.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Damian Wild, Kwadwo Antwi, Melpomeni Fani, Emanuel R. Christ
Summary: GLP-1R PET/CT imaging is more sensitive in detecting benign insulinomas and nesidioblastosis compared to other imaging modalities, leading to recommendations in clinical guidelines. Prospective studies have shown the clinical relevance and potential for GLP-1R imaging to replace invasive localization methods for insulinomas.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chihiro Nagase, Masaya Tanno, Hidemichi Kouzu, Takayuki Miki, Junichi Nishida, Naoto Murakami, Nobuaki Kokubu, Nobutaka Nagano, Ryo Nishikawa, Nobuhiro Yoshioka, Tohru Hasegawa, Hiroyuki Kita, Akihito Tsuchida, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Tetsuji Miura
Summary: The study examined the phenomenon of blunted GLP-1 secretion in apparently healthy subjects and its potential association with increased extent of coronary artery stenosis in non-diabetic patients. It was found that GLP-1 secretory capacity was not correlated with fasting glucose, glucose under the curve, serum lipids, or insulin sensitivity indices.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soyeon Yoo, Dongkyu Kim, Gwanpyo Koh
Summary: The study investigated changes in glucagon levels in people with diabetes after meal ingestion, finding that poorly controlled patients may have a greater increase in postprandial glucagon levels, which is not mediated by incretin.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tao Zhang, Hang-Ze Ruan, Yong-Chen Wang, Yu-Qi Shao, Wei Zhou, Shi-Jun Weng, Yong-Mei Zhong
Summary: This study investigates the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the retina. The researchers demonstrate that GLP-1 or its receptor GLP-1R can suppress GABAR-mediated currents in retinal ganglion cells through a specific signaling pathway involving cAMP-PKA/IP3/Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII. This finding indicates a previously unknown mechanism of GLP-1 action in the retina.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Adrianne M. DiBrog, Katherine A. Kern, Ashmita Mukherjee, Johnathan T. Przybysz, Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase
Summary: Obesity is a prevalent disease with limited treatment options. This study investigated the effects of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha 7nAChR) agonist GTS-21 on food intake and body weight in rats. The results showed that GTS-21 did not decrease food intake or body weight in rats, and it also did not induce GLP-1 secretion in rats. These findings suggest important differences between rats and mice in the response to GTS-21/alpha 7nAChR activation.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Ogawa, Hiroyuki Kimura, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Hidekazu Kawashima, Kentaro Toyoda, Eri Mukai, Yusuke Yagi, Masahiro Ono, Nobuya Inagaki, Hideo Saji
Summary: The study aimed to develop a probe targeting GLP-1R for beta-cell imaging using SPECT, showing that the newly synthesized derivatives have preferable kinetics in vivo.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jin Hong Chen, Chen Shen, Haram Oh, Ji Hyun Park
Summary: The study showed that Ex-4 treatment enhanced Cx43 expression and gap junctional communication in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, while GLP-1R antagonist prevented this induction. The expression level of Cx43 significantly affected osteoblast differentiation post Ex-4 treatment, and Src kinase inhibitor and Akt activator or inhibitor played crucial roles in regulating Cx43 expression induced by Ex-4.
Article
Toxicology
Yisheng He, Wei Lian, Liang Ding, Xiaoyu Fan, Jiang Ma, Qing-Yu Zhang, Xinxin Ding, Ge Lin
Summary: This study revealed the essential role of hepatic P450 enzymes in the bioactivation of PAs and the subsequent lung injury caused by circulating metabolites. The results provide scientific evidence for the application of MCT in animal lung injury models and emphasize the importance of investigating lung diseases associated with exposure to various PAs.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paul L. R. Andrews, Weigang Cai, John A. Rudd, Gareth J. Sanger
Summary: Nausea as an early symptom of COVID-19 deserves more attention, and mediators released from infected intestinal epithelial cells may play a role in inducing vomiting.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Jiang Ma, Wei Zhang, Yisheng He, Lin Zhu, Chunyuan Zhang, Jia Liu, Yang Ye, Yuzheng Zhuge, Ge Lin
Summary: The study suggests that pyrrole-hemoglobin adducts may serve as a more suitable biomarker for pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PAs) exposure, with higher concentrations and longer persistence compared to pyrrole-plasma protein adducts.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yisheng He, Mai Shi, Xu Wu, Jiang Ma, Kevin Tak-Pan Ng, Qingsu Xia, Lin Zhu, Peter Pi-Cheng Fu, Kwan Man, Stephen Kwok-Wing Tsui, Ge Lin
Summary: This study identified a novel mutational signature associated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) exposure in liver cancer, highlighting the potential prevalence of PA-associated liver cancers in Asian populations. The PA mutational signature was validated in patients with PPA-positive liver cancer, establishing its specificity in revealing PA-induced mutations. This research provides important insights for the scientific basis and preventive measures against PA-associated human liver cancers.
Article
Physiology
Zengbing Lu, Yu Zhou, Longlong Tu, Sze Wa Chan, Man P. Ngan, Dexuan Cui, Yuen Hang Julia Liu, Ianto Bosheng Huang, Jeng S. C. Kung, Chung Man Jessica Hui, John A. Rudd
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the application of advanced analytical techniques in analyzing disrupted gastric myoelectric activity (GMA) recorded after the administration of sulprostone, a prostaglandin E-3/1 agonist, in ferrets, to better understand its effects on gastric function.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Julia Y. H. Liu, Peng Du, Zengbing Lu, Jeng S. C. Kung, Ianto B. Huang, Jessica C. M. Hui, Heidi S. H. Ng, M. P. Ngan, Dexuan Cui, Bin Jiang, S. W. Chan, John A. Rudd
Summary: The study indicates that TRPV1 and TRPA1 play a minor role in regulating pacemaker potentials, and non-specific actions at other TRP and ion channels likely contribute to the overall effects on the electrophysiological recordings observed.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiang Ma, Mi Li, Na Li, Wood Yee Chan, Ge Lin
Summary: The study revealed that different PA-containing natural products induced varying degrees of liver injury in rats, with higher doses resulting in greater hepatotoxicity. Additionally, the formation of hepatic pyrrole-protein adducts correlated positively with the elevation of serum ALT activity, regardless of the structures of different PAs. These findings suggest that pyrrole-protein adducts could be used as a marker to screen for hepatotoxicity and rank natural products containing PAs with diverse structures.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Longlong Tu, Julia Y. H. Liu, Zengbing Lu, Dexuan Cui, Man P. Ngan, Peng Du, John A. Rudd
Summary: The study showed that cisplatin treatment disrupted ICC networking and viability in Suncus murinus, and also affected general homeostatic mechanisms of the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract. The effect on the gastrointestinal tract appeared to be region-specific. Further investigations are required to comprehensively understand these mechanistic effects of cisplatin and their relationship to emesis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chung Man, Jessica Hui, Peng Du, Yuen Hang Julia Liu, Zengbing Lu, Dexuan Cui, Bing Jiang, Man Piu Ngan, Shuk Han Ng, Lingqing Yang, Aleena Khalid, Luping Liu, John A. Rudd
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lin Zhu, Junyi Xue, Yisheng He, Qingsu Xia, Peter P. Fu, Ge Lin
Summary: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are common hepatotoxic phytotoxins found in over 6000 plants worldwide. They are metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes into reactive pyrrolic metabolites, which can alkylate cellular proteins and DNA, leading to cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and tumorigenicity. In this study, positive correlations were found among PA-derived liver DNA adducts, liver protein adducts, and serum protein adducts, with serum pyrrole-protein adducts showing higher abundance and accessibility as a suitable surrogate biomarker for pyrrole-DNA adducts.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zengbing Lu, Dexuan Cui, Julia Yuen Hang Liu, Bin Jiang, Man Piu Ngan, Ichiro Sakata, Shota Takemi, Takafumi Sakai, Ge Lin, Sze Wa Chan, John A. Rudd
Summary: NESFATIN-1, encoded by NUCB2, is a potent regulator of feeding and emesis in Suncus murinus, with its expression level in the brain and gastrointestinal tract being influenced by fasting. It can induce emesis, suppress food intake and water intake, but has no significant effect on locomotor activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Halina Was, Agata Borkowska, Ana Bagues, Longlong Tu, Julia Y. H. Liu, Zengbing Lu, John A. Rudd, Kulmira Nurgali, Raquel Abalo
Summary: Chemotherapeutic drugs are extensively used in cancer treatment, but their severe side effects on the nervous system can reduce the efficacy of treatment and patients' quality of life. This review discusses the main effects of chemotherapy on the peripheral and central nervous systems, including neuropathic pain, chemobrain, enteric neuropathy, as well as nausea and emesis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kulmira Nurgali, John A. Rudd, Halina Was, Raquel Abalo
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chung Man Jessica Hui, Peng Du, Yuen Hang Julia Liu, Zengbing Lu, Man Piu Ngan, Dexuan Cui, Bin Jiang, Shuk Hang Ng, Lingqing Yang, Aleena Khalid, Luping Liu, John A. Rudd
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Julia Y. H. Liu, John A. Rudd, Peng Du
Summary: This study utilized a micro-electrode array to record intestinal slow waves and developed a pipeline for signal extraction and metric analysis, identifying various major propagation patterns.
2021 43RD ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC)
(2021)