Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
Volume 78, Issue 3, Pages 513-521Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.02.008
Keywords
Fluid bed granulation; PAT; Microwave resonance technology; Multivariate data analysis; Batch monitoring; QbD
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A set of 192 fluid bed granulation batches at industrial scale were in-line monitored using microwave resonance technology (MRT) to determine moisture, temperature and density of the granules. Multivariate data analysis techniques such as multiway partial least squares (PLS), multiway principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate batch control charts were applied onto collected batch data sets. The combination of all these techniques, along with off-line particle size measurements, led to significantly increased process understanding. A seasonality effect could be put into evidence that impacted further processing through its influence on the final granule size. Moreover, it was demonstrated by means of a PLS that a relation between the particle size and the MRT measurements can be quantitatively defined, highlighting a potential ability of the MRT sensor to predict information about the final granule size. This study has contributed to improve a fluid bed granulation process, and the process knowledge obtained shows that the product quality can be built in process design, following Quality by Design (QbD) and Process Analytical Technology (PAT) principles. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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