Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth E. Krans
Summary: The opioid crisis in the United States has had significant impacts on pregnant individuals and their children. The rate of opioid-related diagnoses during pregnancy has been consistently rising across all states and demographic groups, and overdose has become a leading cause of pregnancy-related deaths. Treatment with medications like methadone and buprenorphine is recommended to reduce the risks of overdose and preterm birth for pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Clayton J. Shuman, Roxanne Wilson, Katherine VanAntwerp, Mikayla Morgan, Ashley Weber
Summary: The study found that lack of education and resources provided to staff and mothers, the importance of interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary care coordination, flexibility in nurse staffing models for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, and the impact of unit architecture and layout on maternal involvement are the main barriers and facilitators affecting implementation of maternal involvement in nonpharmacologic care of newborns with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leslie W. Young, Songthip T. Ounpraseuth, Stephanie L. Merhar, Zhuopei Hu, Alan E. Simon, Andrew A. Bremer, Jeannette Y. Lee, Abhik Das, Margaret M. Crawford, Rachel G. Greenberg, P. Brian Smith, Brenda B. Poindexter, Rosemary D. Higgins, Michele C. Walsh, Ward Rice, David A. Paul, Jessie R. Maxwell, Sucheta Telang, Camille M. Fung, Tanner Wright, Anne Marie Reynolds, Devon W. Hahn, Julie Ross, Jennifer M. McAllister, Moira Crowley, Sophie K. Shaikh, Karen M. Puopolo, Lori Christ, Jaime Brown, Julie Riccio, Kara Wong Ramsey, Erica F. Braswell, Lauren Tucker, Karen R. McAlmon, Krishna Dummula, Julie Weiner, Jessica R. White, Meghan P. Howell, Sarah Newman, Jessica N. Snowden, Lori A. Devlin
Summary: A study conducted at 26 hospitals in the United States found that the use of the "Eat, Sleep, Console" care approach significantly reduced the time until infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome were medically ready for discharge, without increasing specified adverse outcomes.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sarah F. Loch, Bradley D. Stein, Robin Ghertner, Elizabeth McNeer, William D. Dupont, Rosanna Smart, Stephen W. Patrick
Summary: The number of infants diagnosed with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and entering foster care has increased in the US since 2009, but analyses exploring their relationship are lacking. Research found that every one diagnosis of NOWS per ten births was associated with a 41 percent higher rate of infant foster care entry, while rural county residence was associated with a 19 percent higher rate. Additionally, a higher employment rate was associated with lower rates of infant foster care entry.
Article
Pediatrics
Nicholas W. Miller, Brittany G. Seman, Stephen M. Akers, Jessica M. Povroznik, Kathleen Brundage, Wei Fang, Cory M. Robinson
Summary: This study is the first to evaluate the impact of opioid exposure on neonatal immune profile and functionality, and found differences in immune cell populations, cytokine levels, and functional activity in neonates exposed to opioids, which may increase susceptibility to infections.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daina B. Esposito, Krista F. Huybrechts, Martha M. Werler, Loreen Straub, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Helen Mogun, Brian T. Bateman
Summary: This study compared the risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) among neonates exposed to different types of opioids during the last 3 months of pregnancy, finding that strong agonists with long half-lives were associated with a higher risk of NOWS. This information can help healthcare providers make informed decisions when prescribing opioids for pain management in late pregnancy.
Article
Pediatrics
Stephanie L. Merhar, Songthip Ounpraseuth, Lori A. Devlin, Brenda B. Poindexter, Leslie W. Young, Sean D. Berkey, Moira Crowley, Adam J. Czynski, Autumn S. Kiefer, Bonny L. Whalen, Abhik Das, Janell F. Fuller, Rosemary D. Higgins, Vaishali Thombre, Barry M. Lester, P. Brian Smith, Sarah Newman, Pablo J. Sanchez, M. Cody Smith, Alan E. Simon
Summary: A retrospective cohort study evaluated the outcomes of infants receiving secondary therapy with phenobarbital or clonidine for treatment of NOWS, in comparison to morphine treatment. Infants treated with phenobarbital had shorter hospital stays and durations of morphine treatment compared to clonidine-treated infants, with higher rates of continued medication use upon discharge.
Article
Pediatrics
Marie Camerota, Elisabeth C. McGowan, Judy Aschner, Annemarie Stroustrup, Margaret R. Karagas, Elisabeth Conradt, Sheila E. Crowell, Patricia A. Brennan, Brian S. Carter, Jennifer Check, Lynne M. Dansereau, Sheri A. DellaGrotta, Todd M. Everson, Jennifer B. Helderman, Julie A. Hofheimer, Jordan R. Kuiper, Cynthia M. Loncar, Carmen J. Marsit, Charles R. Neal, Thomas Michael O'Shea, Steven L. Pastyrnak, Stephen J. Sheinkopf, Lynne M. Smith, Xueying Zhang, Barry M. Lester
Summary: A multi-cohort study of preterm and term-born infants revealed two dysregulated neurobehavioral profiles with distinct perinatal antecedents. Factors such as gender, maternal age, and emotional state were predictive of neurobehavioral profiles. Further understanding of these factors could inform interventions for positive developmental outcomes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daniel Smolyak, Elizabeth M. Humphries, Abhinav Parikh, Mathangi Gopalakrishnan, Fulden Aycan, Margret Bjarnadottir, Seth A. Ament, Dina El-Metwally, Amber Beitelshees, Ritu Agarwal
Summary: Morphine treatment for infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome has variable effectiveness. This study used early FNASS scores, PRS, and drug exposure to predict treatment response. The results showed meaningful connections between early FNASS scores and PRS, as well as between both of those and later in-hospital outcomes.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Mohammad Y. Bader, Nahla Zaghloul, Ashley Repholz, Nadia Nagy, Mohamed N. Ahmed, Leslie Thompson, Ranjit I. Kylat
Summary: The addition of clonidine to morphine sulfate in the treatment algorithm for neonatal abstinence syndrome significantly reduced the cumulative and duration of exposure to morphine sulfate, compared to morphine monotherapy, leading to a decrease in hospital stay duration.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emery R. Eaves, Jarrett Barber, Ryann Whealy, Sara A. Clancey, Rita Wright, Jill Hager Cocking, Joseph Spadafino, Crystal M. Hepp
Summary: This study characterized the population of neonates with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and mothers who were opioid dependent at the time of giving birth in Arizona, using data from the Arizona Department of Health Services Hospital Discharge Database. The findings indicated that non-Hispanic White and economically disadvantaged women and neonates tend to be part of the populations of interest more frequently than expected. Additionally, unmarried women who are opioid dependent at the time of giving birth were identified more often than expected, suggesting that marital status could be a proxy for support. Additionally, comorbidities associated with neonates who have NOWS and mothers who are opioid dependent were identified.
Article
Substance Abuse
Laura J. Faherty, Sara Heins, Ashley M. Kranz, Stephen W. Patrick, Bradley D. Stein
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the association between punitive policies for women with substance use during pregnancy and odds of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) diagnosis among infants covered by Medicaid in 39 U.S. states. The findings were inconclusive regarding the association between punitive policies and NAS odds. States with reporting policies had lower odds of NAS, suggesting potential benefits of such policies.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yi Wang, Lawrence Berger, Christine Durrance, Russell S. Kirby, Daphne Kuo, Jessica Pac, Deborah B. Ehrenthal
Summary: Prenatal exposure to prescription opioid analgesics is associated with the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), particularly when exposure lasts for more than 30 days and occurs in the late stages of pregnancy (third trimester).
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jennifer M. Gibson, Tianci Chu, Wenxin Zeng, Ashley C. Wethall, Maiying Kong, Nicholas Mellen, Lori A. Devlin Phinney, Jun Cai
Summary: The study found that perinatal exposure to methadone may lead to impaired myelination in fetal brain development. In the rat experiment, neonatal rats exposed to methadone showed decreased myelination, increased oligodendrocyte precursor cells, increased apoptosis of oligodendrocytes, and activation of microglia. These findings support the association between antenatal methadone exposure and impaired myelination in developing brain.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Alla Kushnir, Cynthia Garretson, Maheswari Mariappan, Gary Stahl
Summary: Drug use in pregnancy can have significant consequences for infant health, particularly when exposed to opioids and other substances. This study found that combining opioids with phenobarbital had poorer short-term outcomes compared to using opioids alone.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Nitin Goel, Mallinath Chakraborty, William John Watkins, Sujoy Banerjee
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2018)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Sujoy Banerjee, Ramon Fernandez, Grenville F. Fox, Kevin C. W. Goss, Helen Mactier, Peter Reynolds, David G. Sweet, Charles C. Roehr
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2019)
Review
Pediatrics
Ian Paul Morris, Nitin Goel, Mallinath Chakraborty
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2019)
Review
Pediatrics
Neelam Gupta, Lara Shipley, Nitin Goel, Kathryn Browning Carmo, Andrew Leslie, Don Sharkey
Article
Pediatrics
Nitin Goel, Sudeep Shrestha, Rhian Smith, Akshay Mehta, Malini Ketty, Helen Muxworthy, Artur Abelian, Vickness Kirupaalar, Shakir Saeed, Shikha Jain, Amar Asokkumar, Murali Natti, Ian Barnard, Prem Kumar Pitchaikani, Sujoy Banerjee
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nitin Goel, Joan K. Morris, David Tucker, Hermien E. K. de Walle, Marian K. Bakker, Vijaya Kancherla, Lisa Marengo, Mark A. Canfield, Karin Kallen, Nathalie Lelong, Jorge L. Camelo, Erin B. Stallings, Abbey M. Jones, Amy Nance, My-Phuong Huynh, Maria-Luisa Martinez-Fernandez, Antonin Sipek, Anna Pierini, Wendy N. Nembhard, Dorit Goetz, Anke Rissmann, Boris Groisman, Leonora Luna-Munoz, Elena Szabova, Serhiy Lapchenko, Ignacio Zarante, Paula Hurtado-Villa, Laura E. Martinez, Giovanna Tagliabue, Danielle Landau, Miriam Gatt, Saeed Dastgiri, Margery Morgan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
W. John Watkins, Daniel Farewell, Sujoy Banerjee, Hesham Nasef, Anitha James, Mallinath Chakraborty
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Pediatrics
Rachel Morris, Steve Jones, Sujoy Banerjee, Andrew Collinson, Hannah Hagan, Hannah Walsh, Graham Thornton, Ian Barnard, Chris Warren, Jennifer Reid, Alison Busfield, Jean Matthes
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2020)
Article
Respiratory System
Mallinath Chakraborty, William John Watkins, Katherine Tansey, William E. King, Sujoy Banerjee
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Pediatrics
Nitin Goel, Stephanie Cannell, Gemma Davies, Murali Sridhar Natti, Vickness Kirupaalar, Artur Abelian, Shakir Saeed, Rhian Smith, Ravi Manikonda, Prem Kumar Pitchaikani, Dawn Davies, Rachel May Morris, Lynsey Edwards, Roopashree Govindaraju, Kate Creese, Jane Jones, Jalil Choudhary, Sarah Rowley, Chidambaram Sethuraman, Helen Muxworthy, Felicity Curtis, Patricia Donnelly, Manohar Joishy, Ian Barnard, Celyn Kenny, Rajarshi Pal, Karen Jones, Sujoy Banerjee
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of introducing a consensus guideline with an adapted Sepsis Risk Calculator algorithm in managing early onset neonatal sepsis. The results showed a significant reduction in antibiotic usage without increasing morbidity and mortality in infants with true sepsis.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lieve Boel, Sujoy Banerjee, Megan Clark, Annabel Greenwood, Alok Sharma, Nitin Goel, Gautam Bagga, Chuen Poon, David Odd, Mallinath Chakraborty
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Muhammed Ershad, Ahmed Mostafa, Maricel Dela Cruz, David Vearrier
CURRENT EMERGENCY AND HOSPITAL MEDICINE REPORTS
(2019)