HCV-infected hepatocytes drive CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T-cell development through the Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway

Allograft rejection is restrained by short-lived TIM-3+PD-1+Foxp3+ Tregs

(2012) Shipra Gupta et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Tim-3 Pathway Controls Regulatory and Effector T Cell Balance during Hepatitis C Virus Infection

(2012) J. P. Moorman et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Cross-Talk between Programmed Death-1 and Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1 in Inhibition of IL-12 Production by Monocytes/Macrophages in Hepatitis C Virus Infection

(2011) Y. Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Tim-3 regulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in human CD14+ monocytes

(2011) Ying Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Tim-3 Negatively Regulates IL-12 Expression by Monocytes in HCV Infection

(2011) Ying Zhang et al.   PLoS One

HCV-specific T cells in HCV/HIV co-infection show elevated frequencies of dual Tim-3/PD-1 expression that correlate with liver disease progression

(2010) Bahareh Vali et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

PD-1 modulates regulatory T cells and suppresses T-cell responses in HCV-associated lymphoma

(2010) Lei Ni et al.   IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY

Tim-3 expression on PD-1+ HCV-specific human CTLs is associated with viral persistence, and its blockade restores hepatocyte-directed in vitro cytotoxicity

(2010) Rachel H. McMahan et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Regulatory ripples

(2010) Yasmine Belkaid et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

A Crucial Role for Kupffer Cell-Derived Galectin-9 in Regulation of T Cell Immunity in Hepatitis C Infection

(2010) John A. Mengshol et al.   PLoS One

HCV+ Hepatocytes Induce Human Regulatory CD4+ T Cells through the Production of TGF-β

(2010) Caroline H. T. Hall et al.   PLoS One

Galectin-9/TIM-3 Interaction Regulates Virus-Specific Primary and Memory CD8+ T Cell Response

(2010) Sharvan Sehrawat et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Mechanisms of Foxp3+ T Regulatory Cell-Mediated Suppression

(2009) Ethan M. Shevach   IMMUNITY

PD-L1 negatively regulates CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs by limiting STAT-5 phosphorylation in patients chronically infected with HCV

(2009) Debora Franceschini et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Role of Tim-3/Galectin-9 Inhibitory Interaction in Viral-Induced Immunopathology: Shifting the Balance toward Regulators

(2009) S. Sehrawat et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Interleukin 10 acts on regulatory T cells to maintain expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 and suppressive function in mice with colitis

(2009) Masako Murai et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Galectin-9 suppresses the generation of Th17, promotes the induction of regulatory T cells, and regulates experimental autoimmune arthritis

(2008) Masako Seki et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

TIMs: central regulators of immune responses: Figure 1.

(2008) David A. Hafler et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE