Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 41, Issue 5, Pages 1321-1333Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040730
Keywords
Inflammation; Memory; Secondary responses
Categories
Funding
- Department of Pathology
- NIH [AI83286, AI42767, AI46653, AI50073, AI59752]
- DFG [WI 3308/1-1]
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Repeated infections and experimental prime-boost regimens frequently result in the generation of secondary (2 degrees) CD8(+) T-cell responses. In contrast to primary (1 degrees) CD8(+) T cells, the parameters that influence the abundance and phenotype of 2 degrees effector and memory CD8(+) T-cell populations are largely unknown. Here, we analyze the impact of different booster infections, Ag curtailment, and systemic inflammation on the quality and quantity of secondary CD8(+) T-cell responses. We show that similar to 1 degrees CD8(+) T-cell responses, the phenotype of 2 degrees effector and memory CD8(+) T-cell populations is critically dependent on the nature of the infectious pathogen and the inflammatory milieu early after infection. In addition, systemic inflammation increases the number of 2 degrees effector and memory CD8(+) T cells after booster infections and immunizations. Therefore, our data reveal new means to boost the number of 2 degrees effector and memory CD8(+) T cells in prime-boost regimens and show a surprisingly high degree of plasticity in 2 degrees memory CD8(+) T-cell phenotype that is controlled by systemic inflammation.
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