Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benedikt A. Aulinger, David A. D'Alessio
Summary: This study compares two different methods to measure the incretin effect and suggests various calculation methods to interpret the results. The study finds that both techniques have similar quantitative results and can be used to measure the incretin effect.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sarah M. Gray, Andrew L. Hoselton, Radha Krishna, Cris A. Slentz, David A. D'Alessio
Summary: GLP-1r signaling contributes to insulin secretion during alpha-cell activation, independent of increased circulating GLP-1, and may be affected by DPP4 inhibition.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Yang, Zixin Cai, Jingjing Zhang
Summary: The study found that DPP-4 inhibitors may help improve the mortality rate of patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes. However, due to limited relevant studies, more large-scale research is needed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Kelly, Saba Sheikh, Darko Stefanovski, Amy J. Peleckis, Sarah C. Nyirjesy, Jack N. Eiel, Aniket Sidhaye, Russell Localio, Robert Gallop, Diva D. De Leon, Denis Hadjiliadis, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: In this study, DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin was found to increase meal-related incretin responses, improve early insulin secretion and glucagon suppression in pancreatic insufficient cystic fibrosis (PI-CF) patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. However, there were no significant improvements in glucose tolerance or beta-cell sensitivity to glucose after 6 months of treatment with sitagliptin compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Kelly, Saba Sheikh, Darko Stefanovski, Amy J. Peleckis, Sarah C. Nyirjesy, Jack N. Eiel, Aniket Sidhaye, Russell Localio, Robert Gallop, Diva D. De Leon, Denis Hadjiliadis, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: In this study, it was found that the use of sitagliptin in glucose intolerant PI-CF patients increased levels of incretin hormones, improved early insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, but did not affect glucose tolerance or beta-cell sensitivity to glucose.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaswanth Kuthati, Vaikar Navakanth Rao, Wei-Hsiu Huang, Prabhakar Busa, Chih-Shung Wong
Summary: The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor teneligliptin can alleviate morphine analgesic tolerance (MAT) and reduce microglial cell activation in the dorsal horn of rats with diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). This study suggests that teneligliptin may be a new approach for treating DNP.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Srishti Chhabria, Shivangi Mathur, Sebastian Vadakan, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, Pragnyashree Mishra, Biswaranjan Paital
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by impaired insulin secretion and resistance. Plant-based compounds have been found to regulate insulin secretion and lower blood glucose levels. Antioxidants can alleviate diabetes symptoms and provide anti-diabetic and antioxidative protection.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Anand-Krishna Singh, Dhananjay Yadav, Neha Sharma, Jun-O Jin
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood sugar levels, and therapeutic approaches include improving insulin sensitivity and using DPP-IV inhibitors. These inhibitors improve hyperglycemia by stabilizing gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jeisson D. Corredor, Camilo Febres-Molina, Gonzalo A. Jana, Veronica A. Jimenez
Summary: In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were used to reveal a novel water-mediated mechanism for the covalent inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) by Vildagliptin (VIL). The findings have important implications for understanding the molecular features of DPP4 inhibition by VIL and for the development of new derivatives with improved structural or mechanistic profiles.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Sadia Malik, Nida Zaidi, Mohammad Khursheed Siddiqi, Nabeela Majid, Aiman Masroor, Samreen Salam, Rizwan H. Khan
Summary: This study evaluates the anti-amyloidogenic potential of the anti-diabetic drug Vildagliptin (VLD) on human serum albumin fibrillation (HSA). The results suggest that VLD has the ability to inhibit amyloid fibrillation and could potentially be repurposed as a drug candidate for the cure of Alzheimer's disease.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
In Sun Goak, Jin A. Lee, Min Ho Jeong, Seol Ju Moon, Min Gul Kim
Summary: This study compared the pharmacokinetics of two fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulations in healthy Korean subjects. The results showed that the test FDC drug was equivalent to the reference FDC drug and both formulations were safe and well tolerated.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Aguilar-Ballester, Gema Hurtado-Genoves, Alida Taberner-Cortes, Andrea Herrero-Cervera, Sergio Martinez-Hervas, Herminia Gonzalez-Navarro
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death worldwide, with cardiometabolic risk playing a crucial role in treatment. The control of cardiometabolic risk has become a major goal in many studies. Emerging cardiometabolic therapies show promising potential in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qizhi Tang, Weiyu Pan, Liangyue Peng
Summary: The study provides preliminary evidence regarding the similarity in the efficacy of evogliptin compared to other DPP-4i drugs, including sitagliptin and linagliptin, for managing HbA1c levels and adverse events.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paulina Keska, Joanna Stadnik
Summary: This study found that peptides extracted from dry-cured pork loins have inhibitory effects on dipeptidyl peptidase IV, and retain their biological activity during the digestive process. These peptides may have potential as functional food ingredients for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. Certain peptide sequences show promise as natural food compounds for maintaining good health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jinmiao Lu, Lu Wang, Sufeng Zhou, Chen Zhou, Lijun Xie, Juan Chen, Dong Tang, Xusheng Tian, Daosheng Xie, Juping Ding, Tong Wang, Qiang Yu, Jinsong Ding, Feng Shao
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties, safety, and tolerability of cetagliptin. The results showed that cetagliptin has great potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients due to its inhibition of DPP-4, increase in GLP-1 and insulin, and decrease in glucose. It may be more effective in DPP-4 inhibition than sitagliptin.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Morten Hindso, Nora Hedbaeck, Maria S. Svane, Andreas Moller, Christoffer Martinussen, Nils B. Jorgensen, Carsten Dirksen, Laerke S. Gasbjerg, Viggo B. Kristiansen, Bolette Hartmann, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Jens J. Holst, Sten Madsbad, Kirstine N. Bojsen-Moller
Summary: The study explored the effects of GLP-1 and GIP blockade on postprandial beta-cell function after different bariatric surgeries. It was found that GLP-1 secretion was significantly increased after RYGB and SG, while GIP secretion was lowest after RYGB. GLP-1 was identified as the most important incretin hormone after RYGB, while GIP and GLP-1 were equally important after SG.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Per G. Hagelqvist, Andreas Andersen, Kaisar B. Maytham, Christine R. Andreasen, Susanne Engberg, Tommi B. Lindhardt, Jens Faber, Jens J. Holst, Julie L. Forman, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Filip K. Knop, Tina Vilsboll
Summary: This study aims to compare the effects of exercise-related hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia induced at rest on cardiac repolarisation in patients with type 1 diabetes. The results showed that both scenarios caused prolonged QTc interval and Tpe interval during hypoglycemia, accompanied by increased plasma adrenaline and decreased plasma potassium. During the recovery phase, the hypoglycemia induced at rest group had a longer QTc interval compared to the exercise-related hypoglycemia group. This indicates that both scenarios may increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias in patients.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kent Pedersen, Helle Andersen, Christian Fledelius, Jens Juul Holst, Sara Toftegaard Hjuler, Rune Ehrenreich Kuhre
Summary: This study investigated the impact of blood sampling methods on glucose regulation and hormone secretion in conscious rats. It was found that restraint and sublingual vein puncture induced stress responses, resulting in reduced glucose absorption, tolerance, and secretion of insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). These findings suggest the importance of careful selection of blood sampling methods in rat experiments to avoid stress-related biases in the results.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thirza van Deuren, Lotte Smolders, Anita Hartog, Freek G. G. Bouwman, Jens J. J. Holst, Koen Venema, Ellen E. E. Blaak, Emanuel E. E. Canfora
Summary: This study compared the bioaccessibility of two different SCFA-enriched triglycerides and investigated the effects of orally administered Akovita SCT on postprandial metabolism in men with overweight/obesity. The results showed that Akovita SCT delayed the release of SCFA and increased circulating butyrate and hexanoate levels without affecting metabolic parameters.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
R. L. Nielsen, O. Bornaes, I. K. Storgaard, T. Kallemose, L. M. Jorgensen, B. N. Jawad, I. Altintas, H. G. Juul-Larsen, J. Tavenier, J. A. Durhuus, A. K. P. Bengaard, J. J. Holst, M. Kolko, D. P. Sonne, T. Breindahl, M. Damgaard, E. Porrini, M. Hornum, O. Andersen, M. M. Pedersen, H. H. Rasmussen, T. Munk, T. M. Lund, P. S. Jensen, A. L. Andersen, M. B. Houlind
Summary: This study aims to investigate the appetite-stimulating effects of cannabis-based medicine in older patients and compare the accuracy of different estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations. The study consists of two substudies, including a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial and a single-dose pharmacokinetics study. The primary endpoints are differences in energy intake and the accuracy of eGFR equations. Secondary endpoints include safety parameters, changes in appetite hormones, and the creation of pharmacokinetic models.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hannah Gilliam-Vigh, Tina Jorsal, Sophie W. Nielsen, Julie L. Forman, Jens Pedersen, Steen S. Poulsen, Tina Vilsboll, Filip K. Knop
Summary: The density and gene expression of neurotensin (NTS) in the small intestine gradually increased from the duodenum to the ileum, while NTS was negligible in the large intestine. Patients with type 2 diabetes showed lower levels of NTS compared to healthy controls, but this difference was not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple testing.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael M. Richter, Maria S. Svane, Viggo B. Kristiansen, Jens J. Holst, Sten Madsbad, Kirstine N. Bojsen-Moller
Summary: Follistatin is secreted from the liver and plays a role in muscle growth and insulin sensitivity. Protein intake stimulates the secretion of follistatin, possibly through increased glucagon levels when insulin concentrations are low. The study investigated the levels of circulating follistatin after meals in patients who had undergone bariatric surgery, and found that follistatin secretion was accelerated in patients after RYGB surgery, which may be due to increased protein absorption rate rather than changes in the glucagon-to-insulin ratio.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Signe Foghsgaard, Louise Vedtofte, Emilie S. Andersen, Emilie Bahne, Camilla Andreasen, Anne L. Sorensen, Julie L. Forman, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Jens A. Svare, Tine D. Clausen, Peter Damm, Jens J. Holst, Filip K. Knop, Tina Vilsboll
Summary: A 52-week treatment with liraglutide improved glucose tolerance, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and bodyweight in women with overweight/obesity and previous gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the effects disappeared after a 1-week drug wash-out.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laerke S. Gasbjerg, Mette M. M. Rosenkilde, Juris J. J. Meier, Jens J. J. Holst, Filip K. K. Knop
Summary: Tirzepatide is a unimolecular co-agonist of GLP-1 and GIP receptors approved for treating type 2 diabetes. The contribution of GIP receptor activation to the clinical effects of tirzepatide is uncertain. Based on current knowledge, tirzepatide may not have a classical co-activating mode of action, and we propose three hypotheses for its mode of action.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Filip K. Knop, Vanita R. Aroda, Ruben D. do Vale, Thomas Holst-Hansen, Peter N. Laursen, Julio Rosenstock, Domenica M. Rubino, W. Timothy Garvey
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in overweight or obese adults without type 2 diabetes. The findings showed that oral semaglutide 50 mg once per day led to a significantly greater reduction in bodyweight compared to placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events were the most common side effects. Oral semaglutide could be an effective option for weight management.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vanita R. Aroda, Jens Aberle, Lars Bardtrum, Erik Christiansen, Filip K. Knop, Sanaz Gabery, Sue Pedersen, John B. Buse
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of oral semaglutide at higher doses in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes and found that the doses of 25 mg and 50 mg were superior to the approved dose of 14 mg in reducing HbA1c and bodyweight. No new safety concerns were identified in the study.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuel E. Canfora, Lars M. M. Vliex, Taojun Wang, Arjen Nauta, Freek G. Bouwman, Jens J. Holst, Koen Venema, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Ellen E. Blaak
Summary: This study found that the combination of 2'-FL and resistant starch (RS) increases colonic short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and improves metabolic parameters in lean individuals and men with prediabetes and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Therese Adrian, Mads Hornum, Filip Krag Knop, Karl Bang Christensen, Thomas Almdal, Peter Rossing, Lisa Lida, Niels Sondergaard Heinrich, Vincent Oltman Boer, Anouk Marsman, Esben Thade Petersen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between liver fibrosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes, and to compare different diagnostic methods for liver fibrosis. The results showed that using any of the three methods, significant liver fibrosis was found in 38% of CKD patients and 28% of non-CKD patients. However, after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, and duration of diabetes, no strong independent association was found between liver fibrosis and established CKD as assessed by FibroScan, FIB-4 score, and NFS, respectively.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Therese Adrian, Mads Hornum, Filip Krag Knop, Thomas Almdal, Peter Rossing, Lisa Lida, Niels Sondergaard Heinrich, Vincent Oltman Boer, Anouk Marsman, Esben Thade Petersen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes and compared the difference between patients with and without CKD. The results showed that the incidence of NAFLD was similar among patients with type 2 diabetes, and there was no significant association with CKD (stages 3-5).
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sondre Meling, Erling Tjora, Heike Eichele, Rasmus B. Nedergaard, Filip K. Knop, Niels Ejskjaer, Siri Carlsen, Pal R. Njolstad, Christina Brock, Eirik Softeland
Summary: This study investigated the association between the incretin effect and autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. It found that rectal hyposensitivity was present in both longstanding and early diabetes, and was associated with gastrointestinal-mediated glucose disposal (GIGD) but not the incretin effect. Both the incretin effect and GIGD were correlated with the degree of dysglycemia and the duration of diabetes.
ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2023)