Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Feng Zhang, Minglan Yang, Jia Xu, Yanzhou Hu, Ruxin Gao, Kunlun Huang, Xiaoyun He
Summary: This study found that Coreopsis tinctoria and its compound kaempferol can reduce weight, lower blood glucose, improve glucose tolerance, and alleviate insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity mice. Furthermore, they can restore gut microbiota balance and increase levels of Desulfovibrio and Butyricimonas, which are beneficial for glucose metabolism and intestinal health.
Article
Oncology
Ratika Sehgal, Alexander Perfilyev, Ville Mannisto, Jyrki agren, Emma Nilsson, Pirjo Kakela, Charlotte Ling, Vanessa D. de Mello, Jussi Pihlajamaki
Summary: This study found an association between liver saturated fatty acid (SFA) content and DNA methylation in humans. The methylation changes may be related to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In addition, the relationship between SFA and plasma glucose and insulin levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Hui Chen, Gerard Li, Yik Lung Chan, Hui Emma Zhang, Mark D. Gorrell, Carol A. Pollock, Sonia Saad, Brian G. Oliver
Summary: Tobacco smoking increases metabolic disorder risk, while e-cigarette vapour, especially nicotine-containing vapour, can improve glucose tolerance and reduce fat mass in mice fed with a high-fat diet. However, e-vapour without nicotine increases lipid content in blood and liver. Changes in liver metabolic markers may be adaptive responses rather than causal, and future studies can explore how e-vapour affects metabolic profiles under different dietary conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili, Kunyan Yang, Cassandra A. A. Locatelli, Christina T. Saed, Amanda A. Greenwell, Jordan S. F. Chan, Jadin J. Chahade, Jared Scharff, Shahad Al-Imarah, Farah Eaton, Peter A. Crawford, Keshav Gopal, Erin E. Mulvihill, John R. Ussher
Summary: Acute elevations in circulating ketones improve glucose tolerance in obesity, independent of muscle ketone oxidation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houri Heshmatipour, Zahra Hajhashemy, Saeideh Mirzaei, Ali Asadi, Masoumeh Akhlaghi, Parvane Saneei
Summary: This study assessed the association between legumes and nuts consumption and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents. The results showed that higher consumption of legumes and nuts was associated with a decreased likelihood of hyperglycemia, but the association with metabolically unhealthy obesity disappeared after adjusting for confounders.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Minglan Yang, Jie Chen, Jiang Yue, Shenyun He, Jingjing Fu, Yicheng Qi, Wen Liu, Hua Xu, Shengxian Li, Qing Lu, Jing Ma
Summary: This study found that liver fat content (LFC) is associated with the risk of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) in overweight/obese patients, while there is no significant association between visceral and pancreatic fat accumulation and IGR. Patients with high LFC and low visceral fat or high LFC and high visceral fat have a higher prevalence of IGR than those with low liver fat and low visceral fat. However, there is no difference in the prevalence of IGR between the low liver fat-low visceral fat group and the low liver fat-high visceral fat group.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhitong Deng, Cong Meng, Haodong Huang, Siyu Song, Linchun Fu, Zhuotao Fu
Summary: This study compared the effects of psyllium husk and orlistat treatments on mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. While orlistat had a greater impact on weight loss, psyllium husk was more effective in reducing serum and liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The two treatments had similar effects on body fat rate, gene expression in the liver, and regulation of bile acids, but differed in their impact on specific genes and fecal bile acid structures. Additionally, there were differences in the gut microbiota at the genus level, leading to variations in serum lipopolysaccharide levels.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lewin Small, Amy Ehrlich, Jo Iversen, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Kajetan Trost, Thomas Moritz, Bolette Hartmann, Jens J. Holst, Jonas T. Treebak, Juleen R. Zierath, Romain Barres
Summary: The study compares the effect of different routes of glucose administration (oral and intraperitoneal) on glucose and insulin kinetics during a glucose tolerance test in mice. The results show that intraperitoneal glucose administration resulted in significantly elevated blood glucose levels, but had a lesser effect on insulin and incretin hormone levels compared to oral administration.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xinbo Zhou, Junjie Zhang, Yutong Sun, Jian Shen, Bo Sun, Qingquan Ma
Summary: This study found that glutamine (Gln) has a positive effect on liver steatosis and promotes hepatic homeostasis by improving glucose metabolism and regulating signaling pathways. Obese mice fed with Gln had higher levels of colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lower levels of inflammation factor proteins, and a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes bacteria was observed.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Susan Martin, Elena P. Sorokin, E. Louise Thomas, Naveed Sattar, Madeleine Cule, Jimmy D. Bell, Hanieh Yaghootkar
Summary: This study provides evidence for a causal role of liver fat and pancreas volume in the risk of type 2 diabetes, but no causal associations were found with type 1 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Susan Martin, Elena P. Sorokin, E. Louise Thomas, Naveed Sattar, Madeleine Cule, Jimmy D. Bell, Hanieh Yaghootkar
Summary: The study using Mendelian randomization found evidence for a causal role of liver fat and pancreas volume in the risk of type 2 diabetes, while no causal associations were observed with type 1 diabetes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christopher M. Cielo, Brendan T. Keenan, Andrew Wiemken, Ignacio E. Tapia, Andrea Kelly, Richard J. Schwab
Summary: Neck fat is associated with obesity and neck circumference in adolescents, with females having more neck fat than males. However, it does not appear to correlate with the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christopher M. Cielo, Brendan T. Keenan, Andrew Wiemken, Ignacio E. Tapia, Andrea Kelly, Richard J. Schwab
Summary: The study found that neck fat is associated with obesity and neck circumference in adolescents, with females having significantly greater neck fat than males. However, neck fat does not appear to correlate with the presence and severity of OSAS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsuan-Wen Chou, Hao-Chang Hung, Ching-Han Lin, An-Chi Lin, Ye-Fong Du, Kai-Pi Cheng, Chung-Hao Li, Chih-Jen Chang, Hung-Tsung Wu, Horng-Yih Ou
Summary: The study revealed a negative association between Hhip concentrations and BMI, with overweight and obese individuals having lower Hhip levels. Overweight and obesity were independently associated with lower Hhip concentrations, suggesting Hhip may play a role in linking obesity and diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nathan C. Winn, Elysa M. Wolf, Jamie N. Garcia, Alyssa H. Hasty
Summary: This study shows that loss of Trem2 does not worsen metabolic dysfunction in obese mice, indicating a dissociation between adipose tissue remodeling caused by Trem2 loss and whole-body metabolic homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maheswary Muniandy, Vidya Velagapudi, Antti Hakkarainen, Jesper Lundbom, Nina Lundbom, Aila Rissanen, Jaakko Kaprio, Kirsi H. Pietilainen, Miina Ollikainen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Niina Matikainen, Sanni Soederlund, Elias Bjoernson, Kirsi Pietilaeinen, Antti Hakkarainen, Nina Lundbom, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Jan Boren
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antti-Jussi Ammala, Anna-Sofia Urrila, Aleksandra Lahtinen, Olena Santangeli, Antti Hakkarainen, Katri Kantojarvi, Anu E. Castaneda, Nina Lundbom, Mauri Marttunen, Tiina Paunio
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin Adiels, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Elias Bjornson, Linda Andersson, Niina Matikainen, Sanni Soderlund, Juhani Kahri, Antti Hakkarainen, Nina Lundbom, Carina Sihlbom, Annika Thorsell, Haihong Zhou, Kirsi H. Pietilainen, Chris Packard, Jan Boren
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2019)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jonathan Scharff Nielsen, Koen Van Leemput, Jens Morgenthaler Edmund
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jana Lipkova, Panagiotis Angelikopoulos, Stephen Wu, Esther Alberts, Benedikt Wiestler, Christian Diehl, Christine Preibisch, Thomas Pyka, Stephanie E. Combs, Panagiotis Hadjidoukas, Koen Van Leemput, Petros Koumoutsakos, John Lowengrub, Bjoern Menze
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
E. Bjornson, C. J. Packard, M. Adiels, L. Andersson, N. Matikainen, S. Soderlund, J. Kahri, A. Hakkarainen, N. Lundbom, J. Lundbom, C. Sihlbom, A. Thorsell, H. Zhou, M. -R. Taskinen, J. Boren
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Oula Puonti, Koen Van Leemput, Guilherme B. Saturnino, Hartwig R. Siebner, Kristoffer H. Madsen, Axel Thielscher
Article
Neurosciences
Stefano Cerri, Oula Puonti, Dominik S. Meier, Jens Wuerfel, Mark Muhlau, Hartwig R. Siebner, Koen Van Leemput
Summary: The method presented in the study allows for the simultaneous segmentation of white matter lesions and normal-appearing neuroanatomical structures in multiple sclerosis patients, showing robust performance in lesion segmentation and segmenting other brain structures. The algorithm is contrast-adaptive and validated across different datasets, and can also be safely applied to MRI scans of healthy controls.
Article
Neurosciences
Donatas Sederevius, Didac Vidal-Pineiro, Oystein Sorensen, Koen van Leemput, Juan Eugenio Iglesias, Adrian V. Dalca, Douglas N. Greve, Bruce Fischl, Atle Bjornerud, Kristine B. Walhovd, Anders M. Fjell
Summary: Accurate and reliable whole-brain segmentation is critical for longitudinal neuroimaging studies. We compared two subcortical segmentation methods and found that SAMSEG showed significantly lower differences between repeated measures in intra-and inter-scanner analysis, while maintaining sensitivity and ability to detect clinically relevant longitudinal changes.
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Ines Meyer, Ezequiel de la Rosa, Nuno Pedrosa de Barros, Roberto Paolella, Koen Van Leemput, Diana M. Sima
Summary: This study proposes a novel data augmentation approach based on Gaussian Mixture Models to increase the variability of brain MRI datasets for improving the generalization capability of DL models to multi-scanner and multi-center data. Experimental results show that GMM-DA can enhance the generalization capability of DL models and improve the consistency of same-patient test-retest results.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Benjamin Billot, Stefano Cerri, Koen Van Leemput, Adrian Dalca, Juan Eugenio Iglesias
Summary: The study introduces a deep learning method for segmenting Multiple Sclerosis lesions and brain structures from MRI scans. The method only requires training on segmentations and leverages generative model of Bayesian segmentation to generate synthetic scans used to train CNN. By adjusting the amount of synthesised partial volume, the method can be retrained to segment at any resolution.
2021 IEEE 18TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Maria Ines Meyer, Ezequiel de la Rosa, Nuno Barros, Roberto Paolella, Koen Van Leempu, Diana M. Sima
Summary: Most publicly available brain MRI datasets are homogeneous in scanner and protocols, making it difficult for models to generalize to multi-center and multi-scanner data. The proposed novel data augmentation approach aims to approximate the variability in real world clinical data by using a Gaussian Mixture Model. By training a deep learning model on a single scanner dataset and evaluating it on a multi-center and multi-scanner dataset, the approach enhances the generalization capability to other scanners not present in the training data.
2021 IEEE 18TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI)
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jens M. Edmund, Daniel Andreasen, Koen Van Leemput
Summary: The study found that CBCT-based MRI-guided radiotherapy has a certain accuracy, but caution is advised due to potential differences. The RED/DES conversion of CBCT may not accurately estimate the quality of sCT, and inspection of sCT quality is recommended.
PHYSICS & IMAGING IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Panu K. Luukkonen, Auli Nick, Maarit Holtta-Vuori, Christoph Thiele, Elina Isokuortti, Susanna Lallukka-Bruck, You Zhou, Antti Hakkarainen, Nina Lundbom, Markku Peltonen, Marju Orho-Melander, Matej Oresic, Tuulia Hyotylainen, Leanne Hodson, Elina Ikonen, Hannele Yki-Javinen