Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Saleh A. A. Alkhedhairi, Faris F. Aba Alkhayl, Ahmad D. Ismail, A. Rozendaal, M. German, B. MacLean, L. Johnston, A. A. Miller, A. M. Hunter, L. J. Macgregor, E. Combet, T. J. Quinn, S. R. Gray
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of krill oil supplementation on muscle function and size in healthy older adults. The results of a 6-month double-blind randomized controlled trial showed that krill oil supplementation significantly increased knee extensor maximal torque, grip strength, and vastus lateralis muscle thickness, indicating a positive effect on muscle function and size in the participants.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amrita Vijay, Stuart Astbury, Caroline Le Roy, Tim D. Spector, Ana M. Valdes
Summary: This study compared the effects of Omega-3 and inulin on the gut microbiome, finding that inulin increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiraceae, while Omega-3 increased Coprococcus and Bacteroides. Omega-3 also showed potential cardiovascular benefits mediated by its effect on gut microbial fermentation products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Charalampia Amerikanou, Stavroula Kanoni, Andriana C. Kaliora, Angela Barone, Mladen Bjelan, Giuseppe D'Auria, Aristea Gioxari, Maria Jose Gosalbes, Sofia Mouchti, Maria G. Stathopoulou, Beatriz Soriano, Stefan Stojanoski, Rajarshi Banerjee, Maria Halabalaki, Eleni V. Mikropoulou, Aimo Kannt, John Lamont, Carlos Llorens, Fernando Marascio, Miriam Marascio, Francisco J. Roig, Ilias Smyrnioudis, Iraklis Varlamis, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Milan Vukic, Natasa Milic, Milica Medic-Stojanoska, Lucia Cesarini, Jonica Campolo, Amalia Gastaldelli, Panos Deloukas, Maria Giovanna Trivella, M. Pilar Francino, George V. Dedoussis
Summary: Mastiha supplementation improves microbiota dysbiosis and lipid metabolite levels in patients with NAFLD, particularly reducing liver inflammation/fibrosis parameters in severely obese patients.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Hajek, Dunja Przulj, Francesca Pesola, Hayden McRobbie, Sarrah Peerbux, Anna Phillips-Waller, Natalie Bisal, Katie Myers Smith
Summary: The study found that the 5:2 diet and standard multicomponent weight management advice yielded similar weight loss results, with the 5:2 diet not undermining other health behaviors and receiving more positive ratings. Additionally, adding initial group support enhanced adherence and effects of the 5:2 diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauren A. Roach, Mitchell K. Byrne, Steven J. Howard, Stuart J. Johnstone, Marijka Batterham, Ian M. R. Wright, Anthony D. Okely, Renate H. M. de Groot, Inge S. M. van der Wurff, Alison L. Jones, Barbara J. Meyer
Summary: The study investigated the effect of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on self-regulation and executive functioning in typically developing preschool-aged children, showing no significant improvements in these areas. Further research is needed to target children with sub-optimal self-regulation who may benefit most from n-3 LCPUFA supplementation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fahmida Chowdhury, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Mosharrat Tabassum, Irin Parvin, Probir Kumar Ghosh, Mohammad Iqbal Hossain, Nur Haque Alam, A. S. G. Faruque, Sayeeda Huq, Lubaba Shahrin, Nusrat Homaira, Zakiul Hassan, Zubair Akhtar, S. Mah-E-Muneer, George J. Fuchs, Tahmeed Ahmed, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on children hospitalized for severe pneumonia, and found that for children with sufficient serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D supplementation may help reduce the duration of pneumonia recovery. However, no similar effect was observed for patients with vitamin D deficiency or regardless of vitamin D levels.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jemima S. A. Dzator, Peter R. C. Howe, Kirsten G. Coupland, Rachel H. X. Wong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on hormonal migraineurs. After three months of supplementation, it was found that resveratrol did not improve the burden index, migraine-related disability, or quality of life in this cohort of hormonal migraineurs.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karen P. Best, Thomas R. Sullivan, Anoja W. Gunaratne, Jacqueline F. Gould, Robert A. Gibson, Carmel T. Collins, Maria Makrides, Tim J. Green
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of higher dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on growth, body composition, and blood pressure of premature infants at 7 years old. The results showed no significant difference in these outcomes between the high-DHA and standard-DHA groups. However, the high-DHA group had a higher risk of obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca Power, John M. Nolan, Alfonso Prado-Cabrero, Warren Roche, Robert Coen, Tommy Power, Riona Mulcahy
Summary: The study suggests that omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, and vitamin E can improve cognitive performance in older adults. The participants who received supplements showed better working memory performance and increased concentrations of carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids in their tissues and blood. These nutrients may work together to enhance cognitive function in older individuals.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalia Maira da Cruz Alves, Karina Pfrimer, Priscila Carvalho Santos, Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Thiago Neves, Rodrigo Antonio Pessini, Marcia Varella Morandi Junqueira-Franco, Marcello H. Nogueira-Barbosa, Carolyn Anne Greig, Eduardo Ferriolli
Summary: This study found that fish oil supplementation can enhance the response of sarcopenic older women to exercise, increasing muscle strength and physical performance.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn, Akkarach Bumrungpert, Prayoon Suyajai, Con Stough
Summary: This study conducted a clinical trial on 120 healthy Thai children aged 6-12 years old to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on cognition. The results showed that fish oil intake can lead to improved attention and cognitive processing ability in children.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Salvatore Vitale
Summary: Gravitational waves, a direct consequence of general relativity, have been used to observe over 50 events emitted by merging celestial bodies. These signals not only reveal the process of celestial formation, but also provide tests for general relativity and constraints on the behavior of high-density matter.
Article
Microbiology
Anna Lyra, Reeta Ala-Jaakkola, Nicolas Yeung, Neeta Datta, Kara Evans, Ashley Hibberd, Markus J. Lehtinen, Sofia D. Forssten, Alvin Ibarra, Tommi Pesonen, Jouni Junnila, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Keith Baranowski, Johanna Maukonen, Gordon Crawford, Liisa Lehtoranta
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the colonization of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 in the healthy human vagina and their potential effects on vaginal microbiota and immune markers. The results showed stable vaginal microbiota dominated by lactobacilli and optimal vaginal pH throughout the intervention. Immune markers elafin and human beta-defensin 3 (HBD-3) significantly decreased in the verum group but were not correlated with any microbiota changes. No adverse events or undesired changes in the vaginal microbiota or immune markers were detected.
Article
Microbiology
Esther Jimenez, Susana Manzano, Dietmar Schlembach, Krzysztof Arciszewski, Rocio Martin, Kaouther Ben Amor, Mieke Roelofs, Jan Knol, Juan Miguel Rodriguez, Michael Abou-Dakn
Summary: The study found that supplementation of L. salivarius PS2 during late pregnancy and early lactation was safe and effective in preventing mastitis, reducing the incidence rate of mastitis and serving as a barrier for continuing breastfeeding.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masa Sasagawa, Miranda J. Boclair, Paul S. Amieux
Summary: The study shows that mixed omega-7 fatty acid supplementation did not significantly reduce serum inflammatory biomarkers or improve subjective quality of life in patients with non-specific chronic musculoskeletal discomfort. Future research should explore appropriate biomarkers, sufficient power, dosing duration, inclusion criteria for volunteers with higher BMI, and the verification of palmiteolate isomers.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Bronwyn K. Brew, Alison Gibberd, Guy B. Marks, Vanessa E. Murphy, Louisa Jorm, Georgina M. Chambers, Donna Hartz, Sandra Eades, Bridgette McNamara
Summary: The study demonstrates that maternal asthma in Indigenous women is associated with an increased risk of emergency cesarean sections, placental abruption, and threatened preterm labor. These risks may be mitigated by improved management of asthma exacerbations during pregnancy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Jate Ratanachina, Andre F. S. Amaral, Sara De Matteis, Herve Lawin, Kevin Mortimer, Daniel O. Obaseki, Imed Harrabi, Meriam Denguezli, Emiel F. M. Wouters, Christer Janson, Rune Nielsen, Amund Gulsvik, Hamid Hacene Cherkaski, Filip Mejza, Padukudru Anand Mahesh, Asma Elsony, Rana Ahmed, Wan Tan, Li Cher Loh, Abdul Rashid, Michael Studnicka, Asaad A. Nafees, Terence Seemungal, Althea Aquart-Stewart, Mohammed Al Ghobain, Jinping Zheng, Sanjay Juvekar, Sundeep Salvi, Rain Jogi, David Mannino, Thorarinn Gislason, A. Sonia Buist, Paul Cullinan, Peter Burney
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and occupation. Through cross-sectional data analysis of 28,823 adults aged 40 and above in 34 countries, it was found that working in environments with potential exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. Therefore, respiratory surveillance should be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Yewon Chung, Frances L. Garden, Guy B. Marks, Hima Vedam
Summary: The study aimed to determine the causes and their effect on in-hospital mortality of hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF). The results showed that HRF is associated with a range of potentially causative conditions, and some of them significantly impact hospital survival. Therefore, systematic evaluation of HRF patients may help to detect treatable comorbidities.
Article
Allergy
Mwenya Mubanga, Cecilia Lundholm, Elin S. Rohlin, Gustaf Rejnoe, Bronwyn K. Brew, Catarina Almqvist
Summary: A study conducted in Sweden found that children born by caesarean section or instrumental vaginal delivery were at a higher risk of early childhood atopic dermatitis. Although the risk was attenuated by familial factors in children aged >= 1 year, this was not observed in the first year of life.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Yue Leon Guo, Maria R. Ampon, Leanne M. Poulos, Sharon R. Davis, Brett G. Toelle, Guy B. Marks, Helen K. Reddel
Summary: This study estimated the contribution of obesity to breathlessness in Australian adults using the population attributable fraction (PAF). The results showed that obesity accounted for approximately a quarter of breathlessness symptoms and had a higher proportion in women.
Article
Allergy
Sinead Maire Langan, Amy R. Mulick, Charlotte E. Rutter, Richard J. Silverwood, Innes Asher, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Eamon Ellwood, Karen Bissell, Chen-Yuan Chiang, Asma El Sony, Philippa Ellwood, Guy B. Marks, Kevin Mortimer, A. Elena Martinez-Torres, Eva Morales, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, Steven Robertson, Hywel C. Williams, David P. Strachan, Neil Pearce
Summary: The prevalence of eczema has increased over the past 27 years, with significant variations in income and region. Understanding the reasons behind these differences can inform prevention strategies.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nathaniel S. Marshall, Garry Cho, Brett G. Toelle, Renzo Tonin, Delwyn J. Bartlett, Angela L. D'Rozario, Carla A. Evans, Christine T. Cowie, Oliver Janev, Christopher R. Whitfeld, Nick Glozier, Bruce E. Walker, Roo Killick, Miriam S. Welgampola, Craig L. Phillips, Guy B. Marks, Ronald R. Grunstein
Summary: This study tested the effects of inaudible infrasound produced by large electricity-generating wind turbines on human physiology and psychology, and found that it did not have negative impacts.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mark Hanly, Bronwyn K. Brew, Anna Austin, Louisa Jorm
Summary: The "daggle app" is a web-based application designed to assist in learning and teaching adjustment set identification using DAGs. It offers tutorial and random modes to help users understand and apply DAGs and graphical rules for identifying valid minimal adjustment sets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Yijun Zhou, Maria R. Ampon, Michael J. Abramson, Alan L. James, Graeme P. Maguire, Richard Wood-Baker, David P. Johns, Guy B. Marks, Helen K. Reddel, Brett G. Toelle
Summary: This study found that adults with a dual diagnosis of asthma and COPD experience more severe symptoms and disease burden compared to those with asthma or COPD alone. It highlights the importance of regular comprehensive evaluations for patients with both diagnoses.
Letter
Allergy
Mwenya Mubanga, Bronwyn H. H. Brew, Hanna Karim, Philip Curman, Anna Hedman, Cecilia Lundholm, Catarina Almqvist
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Paula Jops, John Cowan, Martha Kupul, Richard Nake Trumb, Stephen M. Graham, Mathias Bauri, Herolyn Nindil, Stephen Bell, Tess Keam, Suman Majumdar, William Pomat, Ben Marais, Guy B. Marks, John Kaldor, Andrew Vallely, Angela Kelly-Hanku
Summary: Tuberculosis is a major public health issue in the South Fly District of Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Our research shows that structural barriers, rather than patient delay, hinder timely TB diagnosis and care in rural areas. The findings highlight the need for a person-centred and effective decentralized model of TB care to ensure equitable access to essential health services.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luis Garcia-Marcos, Chen-Yuan Chiang, M. Innes Asher, Guy B. Marks, Asma El Sony, Refiloe Masekela, Karen Bissell, Eamon Ellwood, Philippa Ellwood, Neil Pearce, David P. Strachan, Kevin Mortimer, Eva Morales
Summary: This study aimed to assess asthma medicine use, management plan availability, and disease control in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood across different country settings. The study found variations in asthma medicine use, low utilization of management plans, and inadequate disease control. Strategies should be implemented to improve adherence to asthma treatment guidelines worldwide, especially in low-income and middle-income countries, with a focus on access to affordable and quality-assured essential asthma medicines.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Yijun Zhou, Maria R. Ampon, Michael J. Abramson, Alan L. James, Graeme P. Maguire, Richard Wood-Baker, David P. Johns, Guy B. Marks, Helen K. Reddel, Brett G. Toelle
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health burden, quality of life, and severity of airway obstruction in Australian adults aged 40 years and above. The results showed that greater airflow limitation was associated with higher burden and worse quality of life.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2023)