Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 34, Issue 1, Pages 75-81Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2215-7
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Funding
- China Mega-Project for Infectious Diseases grant [2013ZX10004-202]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [81222037]
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Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a novel parvovirus, often associated with respiratory tract diseases in children. This study explored the epidemiological characteristics and molecular evolution of HBoV-1 in southeastern China. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children admitted to hospital with acute respiratory tract infections. HBoV-1 was detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and further characterized by complete genome sequences analysis. Among the 3,022 recruited children, 386 (12.77 %) were HBoV-1-positive and 300 (77.72 %) had co-detection with other respiratory viruses. Seasonal prevalence peaked in summer. HBoV-1 presence was significantly associated with asthma attack [odds ratio = 1.74; 95 % confidence interval: 1.30, 2.31; p < 0.001]. Similar results were obtained when either single detection or co-detection of HBoV-1 was considered, demonstrating the minor impact of co-detection on the clinical characteristics or epidemic pattern. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome sequences showed that all the HBoV-1 sequences clustered together and no branch was formed that was supported by bootstrap value a parts per thousand yen750. The overall evolutionary rate of the complete genome of HBoV-1 was estimated at 1.08 x 10(-4) nucleotide substitutions per site per year (s/s/y) [95 % highest probability density: (0.40-1.86) x 10(-4) s/s/y]. Selective pressure analysis showed that all the omega-values were less than 1, suggesting that HBoV-1 was under negative selective pressure. Site-by-site analysis identified the codon site 40 of the VP1 gene under positive selection. In conclusion, our study disclosed the epidemiological and genetic dynamics of HBoV-1 epidemics in southeastern China in the most recent 3 years, the information of which might help to further improve our understanding of HBoV-1 infection and guide better surveillance and control strategies in the future.
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