Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ember (Yiwei) Lu, Hui-Han Chen, Hongqing Zhao, Sachiko Ozawa
Summary: This study investigated the impact of increasing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in China. Results showed that increasing vaccine coverage significantly reduced resistance against penicillin, amoxicillin, and third-generation cephalosporins, leading to a reduction in costs due to AMR.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ember (Yiwei) Lu, Hui-Han Chen, Hongqing Zhao, Sachiko Ozawa
Summary: This study examined the impact of increasing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in China. The findings suggest that higher PCV coverage can significantly reduce AMR against commonly used antibiotics and lead to substantial cost savings in terms of direct and indirect costs related to AMR. Understanding the benefits of vaccines in reducing AMR is crucial for driving appropriate investment in this area.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Markus Fally, Emma Diernaes, Simone Israelsen, Britta Tarp, Thomas Benfield, Lilian Kolte, Pernille Ravn
Summary: The stewardship program significantly reduced overall antibiotic exposure and increased the proportion of patients treated with recommended antibiotics, without a significant reduction in exposure to intravenous antibiotics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kristina L. Bajema, Ryan Gierke, Monica M. Farley, William Schaffner, Ann Thomas, Arthur L. Reingold, Lee H. Harrison, Ruth Lynfield, Kari E. Burzlaff, Susan Petit, Meghan Barnes, Salina Torres, Paula M. Snippes Vagnone, Bernard Beall, Tamara Pilishvili
Summary: The incidence of antibiotic-nonsusceptible invasive pneumococcal disease (NS-IPD) has decreased in the United States after the introduction of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). However, there has been an increase in nonvaccine type NS-IPD, particularly among older adults. The use of higher valency PCVs containing the common nonsusceptible serotypes could help further reduce NS-IPD.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Pedro P. Espana, Lorea Martinez-Indart, Ainhoa Gomez, Beatriz Gonzalez, Amaia Artaraz, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: The study assessed the incidence and risk factors of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, finding that older age, heavy drinking, high respiratory rate, leukopenia, severe inflammation, and bacteremia were independent risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation. New-onset atrial fibrillation was associated with higher in-hospital mortality.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jian-Te Lee, Jou-Wei Lin, Ho-Min Chen, Chen-Yu Wang, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Li-Min Huang
Summary: This study found that the national PCV13 vaccination program in Taiwan reduced the incidence rates of pneumococcal parapneumonic diseases and lobar/pneumococcal pneumonia, as well as the intensity of pneumonia care and mortality across all age groups.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vijay Singh Gondil, Kusum Harjai, Sanjay Chhibber
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of a chitosan-based Cpl-1 delivery system for the treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia. Results showed that the system effectively reduced bacterial load, inflammation levels, and cytokine production in animal models, indicating its potential as a treatment approach for drug-resistant bacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Daan Beentjes, Rebecca K. Shears, Neil French, Daniel R. Neill, Aras Kadioglu
Summary: Air pollution is associated with pneumococcal infection, possibly by impairing the airway mucosa, reducing antimicrobial peptides, upregulating pneumococcal adherence factor, and weakening macrophage killing ability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Carreno, Joseph J. Wanford, Zydrune Jasiunaite, Ryan G. Hames, Wen Y. Chung, Ashley R. Dennison, Kornelis Straatman, Luisa Martinez-Pomares, Manish Pareek, Carlos J. Orihuela, Marcos Restrepo, Wei Shen Lim, Peter W. Andrew, E. Richard Moxon, Marco R. Oggioni
Summary: The study shows that the spleen is the reservoir of bacteremia during pneumonia, not the lungs. This finding provides a mechanistic basis for using combination therapies including macrolides in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Silvia Perez, Sonia Castro, Amaia Urrutia, Ane Uranga, Amaia Artaraz, Ainhoa Gomez, Pedro P. Espana, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using a predefined cutoff value for lymphopenia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The study found that lymphopenia could be used as a reproducible predictor of complicated clinical course in these patients.
Article
Oncology
Chung-Yi Li, Liang-Cheng Chen, Hon-Yi Lin, Moon-Sing Lee, Shih-Kai Hung, Chun-Liang Lai, Li-Wen Huang, Ben-Hui Yu, Feng-Chun Hsu, Wen-Yen Chiou
Summary: Vaccination of elderly patients with prostate cancer using PPSV23 significantly decreases the risk of bacterial pneumonia hospitalizations and improves overall survival in Taiwan.
Article
Microbiology
Abiodun D. Ogunniyi, Hang Thi Nguyen, Karl A. Hansford, Matthew A. Cooper, Darren J. Trott, Mark A. T. Blaskovich
Summary: This study examined the efficacy of MCC5145 in treating bacteremic pneumonia and found that it can reduce the bacterial burden in the lungs and blood in a mouse model. These findings support the further development of MCC5145 as a potential new treatment option for pneumonia and/or bacteremic pneumonia in clinical settings, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvijus Abramavicius, Alina Stundziene, Lina Jankauskaite, Astra Vitkauskiene, Ireneusz M. Kowalski, Joanna Wojtkiewicz, Edgaras Stankevicius
Summary: The study utilized statistical methods to analyze antibiogram data and proposed a method to choose first and second-line antimicrobial treatments for hospitalized pediatric pneumonia patients while considering cost and safety aspects. The findings suggest that ampicillin is the optimal first-line drug and piperacillin-tazobactam is the second-line antimicrobial drug.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Pietro Valsecchi, Marta Colaneri, Valentina Zuccaro, Erika Asperges, Filippo Costanzo, Bianca Mariani, Silvia Roda, Rita Minucci, Francesco Bertuccio, Elia Fraolini, Matteo Bosio, Claudio Tirelli, Tiberio Oggionni, Angelo Corsico, Raffaele Bruno
Summary: Positive pneumococcal urinary antigens (PUAs) were infrequent among COVID-19 patients and did not have a significant impact on clinical outcomes or improvement. Routine use of PUA tests to guide antibiotic therapy in COVID-19 patients is not supported by the study findings.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ryan S. Thwaites, Ashley Sanchez Sevilla Uruchurtu, Matthew K. Siggins, Felicity Liew, Clark D. Russell, Shona C. Moore, Cameron Fairfield, Edwin Carter, Simon Abrams, Charlotte-Eve Short, Thilipan Thaventhiran, Emma Bergstrom, Zoe Gardener, Stephanie Ascough, Christopher Chiu, Annemarie B. Docherty, David Hunt, Yanick J. Crow, Tom Solomon, Graham P. Taylor, Lance Turtle, Ewen M. Harrison, Jake Dunning, Malcolm G. Semple, J. Kenneth Baillie, Peter J. M. Openshaw
Summary: The study found that levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines gradually increased with the severity of COVID-19, with IL-6 and GM-CSF playing central roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. Comparisons with samples from fatal influenza patients revealed that GM-CSF was prominent only in COVID-19, further identifying key factors that characterize and distinguish severe and fatal COVID-19.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Mireia Puig-Asensio, Emilio Jimenez-Martinez, Esther Garcia-Lerma, Ana Hornero, Carmen Gutierrez, Miriam Torrecillas, Cristian Tebe, Miquel Pujol, Jordi Carratala
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Francisco Lopez-Medrano, Santiago Alfayate, Jordi Carratala, Judith Chamorro-Camazon, Elisa Cordero, Marta Cruz-Canete, Maria Fernandez-Prada, Manuel Garcia-Cenoz, Maria Angeles Marcos, Santiago Melon, Nemesio Moreno-Millan, Maria Angeles Onieva-Garcia, Raul Ortiz de Lejarazu, Jaime Jesus Perez-Martin, Juan Rodriguez-Garcia, German Schwarz-Chavarri, Alfredo Tagarro-Garcia, Diego van Esso-Arbolave, Diego Viasus, Tomas Pumarola
Summary: "The influenza virus has significant impacts on individuals and society, putting a burden on the health system. This Consensus Document aims to simplify the approach to influenza virus infection and reduce its consequences on population health." (Source: Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. on behalf of the Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica)
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Alexander Rombauts, Carmen Infante, Mikel del Alamo Martinez de Lagos, Jorge Alba, Adoracion Valiente, Carla Donado-Mazarron, Marta Carretero-Ledesma, Regino Rodriguez-Alvarez, Sonia Omatos, Zaira R. Palacios-Baena, Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Maria del Mar Silva-Sanchez, Ane Josune Goikoetxea-Agirre, Jose A. Oteo, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Elisa Cordero, Carlota Gudiol, Javier Sanchez-Cespedes, Jordi Carratala
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mario Fernandez-Ruiz, Marta Bodro, Isabel Gutierrez Martin, Regino Rodriguez-Alvarez, Maria Ruiz-Ruigomez, Nuria Sabe, Teresa Lopez-Vinau, Maricela Valerio, Aitziber Illaro, Jesus Fortun, Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre, Elisa Cordero, Maria del Carmen Farinas, Patricia Munoz, Elisa Vidal, Jordi Carratala, Josune Goikoetxea, Antonio Ramos-Martinez, Asuncion Moreno, Jose Maria Aguado
Summary: Retrospective study shows that isavuconazole is a safe and effective treatment option for invasive mold disease in solid organ transplantation recipients. Clinical response was achieved in over 50% of patients by weeks 6 and 12, and adverse events were relatively low.
Article
Surgery
Elena Perez-Nadales, Mario Fernandez-Ruiz, Alejandra M. Natera, Belen Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Alessandra Mularoni, Giovanna Russelli, Ligia Camera Pierrotti, Maristela Pinheiro Freire, Marco Falcone, Giusy Tiseo, Mario Tumbarello, Francesca Raffaelli, Edson Abdala, Marta Bodro, Elena Gervasi, Maria Carmen Farinas, Elena M. Seminari, Juan Jose Caston, Juan Antonio Marin-Sanz, Victor Galvez-Soto, Meenakshi M. Rana, Belen Loeches, Pilar Martin-Davila, Alvaro Pascual, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Jose Maria Aguado, Luis Martinez-Martinez, Julian Torre-Cisneros, REIPI INCREMENT-SOT Study Grp
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and the best available therapy (BAT) in treating solid organ transplant recipients with bloodstream infection caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results showed that patients treated with CAZ-AVI had higher clinical success rates at 14-day and 30-day and lower 30-day mortality compared to those receiving BAT.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alexander Rombauts, Marta Bodro, Victor Daniel Gumucio, Irene Carbonell, Alex Fava, Laura Llado, Jose Gonzalez-Costello, Federico Oppenheimer, Maria Angeles Castel-Lavilla, Oscar Len, Ester Marquez-Algaba, Xavier Nuvials-Casals, Daniel Martinez Gonzalez, Judith Sacanell Lacasa, Jordi Carratala, Nuria Sabe
Summary: COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is common in the ICU, but little is known about its occurrence in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) and the efficacy of antifungal prophylaxis. A retrospective study compared SOTRs with and without nebulized amphotericin-B prophylaxis, showing a lower incidence of pulmonary mold infections in the prophylaxis group. Nebulized amphotericin-B was found to be safe and potentially effective in reducing the risk of CAPA in SOTRs with COVID-19. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Judit Aranda, Jose Loureiro-Amigo, Anna Murgadella, Nuria Vazquez, Lucia Feria, Miriam Munoz, Ariadna Padulles, Gabriela Abelenda, Carol Garcia-Vidal, Montse Tuset, Marta Albanell, Lucia Boix-Palop, Nuria Sanmarti-Martinez, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Daniel Echeverria-Esnal, Alicia Rodriguez-Alarcon, Beatriz Borjabad, Ana Coloma, Jordi Carratala, Isabel Oriol
Summary: This study analyzed the prescription trends of COVID-19 treatments for hospitalized patients in Barcelona. The use of lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine declined over time and was replaced by remdesivir. Tocilizumab use showed a varying trend, while dexamethasone use increased. Antibiotic use, particularly azithromycin, decreased after the initial months of the pandemic. The findings highlight the importance of adapting treatment strategies based on evolving scientific evidence.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Javier Martinez-Casanova, Erika Esteve-Pitarch, Helena Colom-Codina, Victor Daniel Gumucio-Sanguino, Sara Cobo-Sacristan, Evelyn Shaw, Kristel Maisterra-Santos, Joan Sabater-Riera, Xose L. Perez-Fernandez, Raul Rigo-Bonnin, Fe Tubau-Quintano, Jordi Carratala, Ariadna Padulles-Zamora
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin after continuous infusion administration in critically ill adult patients and determine the optimal dosing regimen. The population pharmacokinetic approach was used to analyze piperacillin concentrations from 106 patients. Creatinine clearance was found to be the most predictive factor of piperacillin clearance. The model developed can be used for initial dose guidance and therapeutic drug monitoring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Rombauts, Marta Bodalo Torruella, Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Julia Perera-Bel, Anna Ferrer-Salvador, Ariadna Acedo-Terrades, Maria Gabarros-Subira, Isabel Oriol, Carlota Gudiol, Lara Nonell, Jordi Carratala
Summary: The clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection vary widely, from asymptomatic infection to severe respiratory complications. The host response to the virus plays a crucial role in determining the outcomes. This study aimed to understand the differences in gene expression and immune response in COVID-19 patients with and without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Blood samples were collected from 60 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, and significant differences in gene expression were found between the ARDS and non-ARDS groups, including dysregulated inflammatory response and altered immune regulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Grillo, Miquel Pujol, Josep M. Miro, Joaquin Lopez-Contreras, Gorane Euba, Oriol Gasch, Lucia Boix-Palop, Maria Jose Garcia-Pais, Maria Teresa Perez-Rodriguez, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Isabel Oriol, Luis Eduardo Lopez-Cortes, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Rafael San-Juan, Jose Maria Aguado, Francesca Gioia, Simona Iftimie, Laura Morata, Alfredo Jover-Saenz, Graciano Garcia-Pardo, Belen Loeches, Alvaro Izquierdo-Cardenas, Ane Josune Goikoetxea, Aina Gomila-Grange, Beatriz Dietl, Damaris Berbel, Sebastian Videla, Pilar Hereu, Ariadna Padulles, Natalia Pallares, Cristian Tebe, Guillermo Cuervo, Jordi Carratala, SAFO Study Grp
Summary: In hospitalized adults with MSSA bacteremia, combining cloxacillin with fosfomycin did not achieve better treatment success at day 7 compared to using cloxacillin alone. Further trials should consider the heterogeneity of the infection and use a personalized approach.
Article
Virology
Jose Luis Pinana, Inmaculada Heras, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Irene Garcia-Cadenas, Lourdes Vazquez, Javier Lopez-Jimenez, Pedro Chorao, Cristina Aroca, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Ignacio Arroyo, Eva Soler-Espejo, Lucia Lopez-Corral, Alejandro Avendano-Pita, Anna Arrufat, Valentin Garcia-Gutierrez, Elena Arellano, Lorena Hernandez-Medina, Clara Gonzalez-Santillana, Julia Morell, Jose angel Hernandez-Rivas, Paula Rodriguez-Galvez, Mireia Mico-Cerda, Manuel Guerreiro, Diana Campos, David Navarro, Angel Cedillo, Rodrigo Martino, Carlos Solano
Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of hematological patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received treatment with remdesivir or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. The results showed that nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was safe and effective for treating mild cases, while remdesivir was preferred for moderate to severe cases with a higher mortality rate. Factors such as male gender, corticosteroid use, and co-infection were associated with worse outcomes in patients treated with remdesivir.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Francisco Javier Candel, Miguel Salavert, Angel Estella, Miquel Ferrer, Ricard Ferrer, Julio Javier Gamazo, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Juan Gonzalez del Castillo, Victor Jose Gonzalez-Ramallo, Federico Gordo, Manuel Miron-Rubio, Javier Perez-Pallares, Cristina Pitart, Jose Luis del Pozo, Paula Ramirez, Pedro Rascado, Soledad Reyes, Patricia Ruiz-Garbajosa, Borja Suberviola, Pablo Vidal, Rafael Zaragoza
Summary: Nosocomial pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia are significant global health problems, causing high morbidity and mortality rates. This scientific manuscript reviews important aspects of the management of these infectious respiratory syndromes, providing updates on etiological perspectives, diagnostic techniques, treatment options, and preventive strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mar Ronda, Josep Manuel Llop-Talaveron, MariPaz Fuset, Elisabet Leiva, Evelyn Shaw, Victor Daniel Gumucio-Sanguino, Yolanda Diez, Helena Colom, Raul Rigo-Bonnin, Mireia Puig-Asensio, Jordi Carratala, Ariadna Padulles
Summary: This study compared the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in critically ill patients with and without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. The results showed that the ECMO group had lower minimum plasma concentration (C-min) and a higher prevalence of subtherapeutic C-min values. ECMO support and plasma albumin levels were identified as risk factors for low C-min values. Drug optimization is crucial for achieving therapeutic C-min levels in the ECMO group.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Viasus, Lara Nonell, Carlos Restrepo, Fabian Figueroa, Carla Donado-Mazarron, Jordi Carratala
Summary: This study summarizes the reported differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in critically ill septic patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and investigates their functional implications. The results highlight the complexity of immune responses during CAP.
Article
Immunology
Tomas O. Jensen, Greg A. Grandits, Mamta K. Jain, Thomas A. Murray, Birgit Grund, Kathryn Shaw-Saliba, Michael A. Matthay, Mahsa Abassi, Magdalena Ardelt, Jason V. Baker, Peter Chen, Robin L. Dewar, Anna L. Goodman, Timothy J. Hatlen, Helene C. Highbarger, Mark Holodniy, Perrine Lallemand, Sylvain Laverdure, Bradley G. Leshnower, David Looney, Charalampos D. Moschopoulos, Henry Mugerwa, Daniel D. Murray, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Stephanie Nagy-Agren, M. Tauseef Rehman, Adam Rupert, Randy A. Stevens, Stuart Turville, Amy Weintrob, Katherine Wick, Jens Lundgren, Emily R. Ko
Summary: This study suggests that neutralizing monoclonal antibodies have an antiviral effect among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, without affecting the endogenous anti-nucleocapsid antibody response, systemic inflammation, or clinical status on day 5.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)