Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jingting Lyu, Qinghong Lin, Zhongbiao Fang, Zeling Xu, Zhengtao Liu
Summary: The study found associations between gallstone disease and metabolic syndrome, as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was also increased after cholecystectomy. Prevention strategies should be considered.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dong Hyun Sinn, Danbee Kang, Sung Chul Choi, Yun Soo Hong, Di Zhao, Eliseo Guallar, Yewan Park, Juhee Cho, Geum-Youn Gwak
Summary: The clinical implications of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in subjects who fulfill the diagnostic criteria of metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are unknown.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhipeng Huang, Donghong Wei, Xueping Yu, Zicheng Huang, Yijie Lin, Wenji Lin, Zhijun Su, Jianjia Jiang
Summary: This study provides an integrated description of clinical, metabolic, and influencing factors for non-obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. It found that NAFLD patients with a BMI < 28 kg/m(2) and visceral adipose tissue < 100 cm(2) have higher insulin resistance, higher fasting plasma glucose, and a higher metabolic abnormality rate. BMI is the main influencing factor of NAFLD.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bertrand Cariou, Christopher D. Byrne, Rohit Loomba, Arun J. Sanyal
Summary: This systematic literature review identified various evidence on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a metabolic disorder, highlighting the complex interplay between NAFLD and metabolic dysfunction. Multidisciplinary collaboration and personalized treatment protocols are urgently needed to address the overall metabolic risk reduction and treatment for NAFLD/NASH patients.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylwia Ziolkowska, Agata Binienda, Maciej Jablkowski, Janusz Szemraj, Piotr Czarny
Summary: NAFLD is a common chronic liver disorder which is often associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Metabolic syndrome is a key factor in the development of NAFLD, as it includes a range of conditions such as abdominal obesity, elevated blood triacylglycerol level, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, increased blood pressure, and high fasting glucose.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ting-Chen Chang, Wei-Chung Chiou, Wei-Han Lai, Hsiu-Chen Huang, Yu-Ling Huang, Hui-Kang Liu, Yu-Chih Liang, Cheng Huang
Summary: Ugonin J (UJ) has shown therapeutic potential in treating metabolic disorders and NAFLD in diet-induced obese mice, by reducing fat deposition, improving hyperlipidemia and hepatic inflammation, and enhancing glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. It also promoted lipid clearance and insulin secretion in hepatocytes, demonstrating its efficacy in modulating key metabolic regulators.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rui-Xu Yang, Zheng-Sheng Zou, Bi-Hui Zhong, Hong Deng, Fang-Ping He, Jun-Ping Shi, Cai-Yan Zhao, Yu-Qiang Mi, Yong-Jian Zhou, Fu-Sheng Di, Rui-Dan Zheng, Qin Du, Jia Shang, Branko Popovic, JinJun Chen, Jian-Gao Fan
Summary: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, with metabolic dysregulations being important risk factors in NAFLD progression. Insulin resistance status may play a predominant role in the progression in MAFLD patients.
HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISEASES INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Milian Chen, Ying Cao, Guang Ji, Li Zhang
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common chronic liver disease worldwide. It is commonly associated with obesity, but can also occur in lean individuals, known as lean NAFLD. Lean NAFLD is often accompanied by sarcopenia, progressive loss of muscle mass and quality. The pathological features of lean NAFLD contribute to the development of sarcopenia, while sarcopenia further exacerbates ectopic fat accumulation and lean NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the association between sarcopenia and lean NAFLD, summarize the underlying pathological mechanisms, and suggest potential strategies to reduce the risks of lean NAFLD and sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Evangelia S. Makri, Eleftheria Makri, Stergios A. Polyzos
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disease associated with various comorbidities, leading to a socioeconomic burden. Despite the lack of approved pharmacological treatment for NAFLD, combination therapies may be a rational alternative due to the multifaceted pathophysiology of the disease.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ju Won Lee, Seung Ha Park
Summary: The study found a significant association between depression and NAFLD, with insulin resistance playing a major role in modulating this association. Adjustment for sociodemographic features and waist circumference had limited effect on the results. Further adjustment for comorbidities reduced the estimated risk of depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeong-Ju Yoo, Eun Ju Cho, Goh Eun Chung, Young Chang, Yuri Cho, Sang-Hyun Park, Su-Min Jeong, Bo-Yeon Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Yun Joon Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Kyungdo Han, Su Jong Yu
Summary: This study investigated whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) could be a precursor for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults. The results showed that both the NAFLD group and the borderline NAFLD group had a higher risk of developing MetS compared to the control group. Additionally, all metabolic components were positively associated with the fatty liver index (FLI).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoyu Dong, Yiting Feng, Dongqin Xu, Mengya Zhang, Xiao Wen, Wenhao Zhao, Qintong Hu, Qinyong Zhang, Hui Fu, Jie Ping
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and macrophage polarization is involved in its pathogenesis. The molecule that regulates macrophage polarization in NAFLD has not been identified. This study showed that 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 (17β-HSD7) expression was increased in hepatic macrophages of NAFLD mice, leading to M1 polarization. Blocking 17β-HSD7 signaling by fenretinide, a drug with inhibitory activity against 17β-HSD7, could be a potential strategy for NAFLD treatment.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Seong Hee Kang, Yuri Cho, Soung Won Jeong, Seung Up Kim, Jin-Woo Lee
Summary: The transition from NAFLD to MAFLD involves including FLD subjects with metabolic abnormalities in the criteria while excluding those without, leading to a focus on metabolic dysfunction in the MAFLD criteria. This may underestimate the prognostic value of hepatic steatosis, but could better identify subjects at higher risk of liver or cardiovascular outcomes.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chia-Chu Liu, Shu-Pin Huang, Yung-Chin Lee, Cheng-Hsueh Lee, Tsung-Yi Huang, Jiun-Hung Geng, Che-Wei Chang, Chung-Yu Lin, Yung-Shun Juan, Wen-Jeng Wu, Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
Summary: The study found an association between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and testosterone deficiency (TD) in aging Taiwanese men, particularly in those without metabolic syndrome (MetS). This suggests that MAFLD could serve as an early predictor of TD, facilitating the identification of high-risk individuals and enabling timely interventions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcin Kosmalski, Sylwia Ziolkowska, Piotr Czarny, Janusz Szemraj, Tadeusz Pietras
Summary: NAFLD and T2DM are closely related, with common risk factors and pathogenesis. Understanding the coexistence of NAFLD and T2DM can help prevent the occurrence of other diseases and improve quality of life.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Krystallenia I. Alexandraki, Athina Markou, Labrini Papanastasiou, Ernestini Tyfoxylou, Chara Kapsali, Christos Gravvanis, Pinelopi Katsiveli, Gregory A. Kaltsas, George N. Zografos, George P. Chrousos, George Piaditis
Summary: This study validated two modified diagnostic tests for primary aldosteronism in clinical practice, successfully assessing the biochemical cure post-surgery in a cohort of patients. Clinically, the majority of patients also showed improved blood pressure after treatment.
HORMONES-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Ariadni Spyroglou, George P. Piaditis, Gregory Kaltsas, Krystallenia Alexandraki
Summary: Significant progress has been made in understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), which can contribute to personalized treatment strategies for patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). This includes the identification of disease subtypes with distinct laboratory and molecular findings and the utilization of molecular techniques to shed light on disease development mechanisms.
Review
Oncology
Ariadni Spyroglou, Georgios Kostopoulos, Sofia Tseleni, Konstantinos Toulis, Konstantinos Bramis, George Mastorakos, Manousos Konstadoulakis, Kyriakos Vamvakidis, Krystallenia Alexandraki
Summary: Although papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is generally associated with a good prognosis, aggressive variants such as hobnail PTC have worse clinical outcomes. This literature review and meta-analysis examined the clinicopathological characteristics of reported cases of hobnail PTC and investigated its impact on mortality. The study found that older age and larger tumor size significantly affected mortality, while the percentage of hobnail cells did not. Classical characteristics such as extrathyroidal extension, distant metastases, and lymph node metastases all had a significant impact on mortality. Overall, hobnail PTC appears to be associated with worse survival outcomes, highlighting the importance of careful assessment of this variant in all PTC cases.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Angelousi, Krystallenia I. I. Alexandraki, Chrysoula Mytareli, Ashley B. B. Grossman, Gregory Kaltsas
Summary: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disorder characterized by the excretion of large amounts of hypotonic urine. Central DI, caused by deficiency of the hormone AVP, is the most common form of DI. Nephrogenic DI develops due to AVP resistance in the kidneys. The diagnosis of DI has been improved with the measurement of circulating copeptin levels.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leonidas H. Duntas, Krystallenia I. Alexandraki
Summary: The relationship between vitamin D3 and the immune system, as well as its role in autoimmune thyroid disease, has been newly identified. Vitamin D3 is generated in immune cells and interacts with the vitamin D3 receptor to promote cellular responses. Vitamin D3 deficiency may be linked to increased risks for severe COVID-19 disease.
Review
Oncology
Krystallenia Alexandraki, Gregory A. Kaltsas, Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) are rare malignancies with the ability to metastasize. Advanced insulinoma and glucagonoma can be managed with targeted therapies such as somatostatin analogues, everolimus, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. These treatments have shown efficacy in controlling hormonal syndromes and improving overall survival.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Krystallenia I. Alexandraki, Anna Angelousi, Eleftherios Chatzellis, Alexandra Chrisoulidou, Nikolaos Kalogeris, Georgios Kanakis, Christos Savvidis, Dimitra Vassiliadi, Ariadni Spyroglou, Georgios Kostopoulos, Vyron Markussis, Konstantinos Toulis, Stylianos Tsagarakis, Gregory A. Kaltsas
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of long-acting somatostatin analogues (SSAs) in reducing symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (CS). The results showed that the percentage of patients achieving partial or complete response for diarrhea and flushing was estimated to be 0.67 and 0.68, respectively. Overall, SSAs treatment was found to reduce CS symptoms by 67-68%.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Krystallenia Alexandraki, Maria Chiara Zatelli, Ashley B. Grossman
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare tumors and their epidemiology is often studied through large cancer registries. However, the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program has limitations for studying NENs, including changes in management, the role of the Ki-67 labeling index, introduction of sensitive functional imaging, and misclassification of less aggressive types of NENs.
Review
History & Philosophy Of Science
Spyros N. Michaleas, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Aristeidis Diamantis, Krystallenia Alexandraki, Lazaros Vladimiros
Summary: From the mid-18th century to the mid-20th century, Greek doctors in Smyrna collaborated with local pharmacists, churches, and the Greek Orthodox community to establish a state-of-the-art health network and charitable foundation to cater to the needs of the community. The Greek Hospital provided medical and pharmaceutical care to all citizens regardless of their background, but its influence came to an end during the Catastrophe of Smyrna in 1922.
ACTA MEDICO-HISTORICA ADRIATICA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Koumarianou, Gregory A. Kaltsas, Eleftherios Chatzellis, Georgios Kyriakopoulos, Denise Kolomodi, Krystallenia Alexandraki
Summary: Recent advances in immunotherapy have shown potential benefits in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), but further research is needed to determine the specific biomarkers and patient populations that may benefit from this treatment approach, especially in cases where standard treatments have failed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Krystallenia I. Alexandraki, Maria Kaltsatou, Georgios Kyriakopoulos, Vasiliki Mavroeidi, Akrivi Kostopoulou, Karine Atlan, Stamatios Theocharis, Guido Rindi, Ashley B. Grossman, Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg, Gregory A. Kaltsas
Summary: In patients with pancreatic NENs, a subset may experience an increase in Ki-67 PI during disease progression, leading to an increase in grading status while maintaining morphological characteristics. This process, when occurring early, is associated with a poorer overall survival.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Angelousi, Narjes Nasiri-Ansari, Angeliki Karapanagioti, Georgios Kyriakopoulos, Chrysanthi Aggeli, Giorgos Zografos, Theodosia Choreftaki, Christos Parianos, Theodora Kounadi, Krystallenia Alexandraki, Harpal S. Randeva, Gregory Kaltsas, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Eva Kassi
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kosmas Daskalakis, Krystallenia I. Alexandraki, Ismini Kloukina, Evanthia Kassi, Evangelos Felekouras, Evangelia Xingi, Stamatis N. Pagakis, Apostolos V. Tsolakis, Evangelos Andreakos, Gregory Kaltsas, Konstantinos Kambas
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Krystallenia I. Alexandraki, Denise Kolomodi, Nikolaos V. Apostolopoulos, Gregory A. Kaltsas, Ashley B. Grossman
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kosmas Daskalakis, Krystallenia Alexandraki, Evanthia Kassi, Marina Tsoli, Anna Angelousi, Athanasia Ragkousi, Gregory Kaltsas