Article
Physiology
Hao Su, Tianhao Wen, Dongsen Liu, Jia Shao, Lei Zhao, Qi Gao
Summary: Sarcopenia caused by aging is a key factor leading to a decline in the quality of life of older individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) on skeletal muscle-related indices and provide a theoretical basis for delaying sarcopenia. The results showed that both HIIT and RT can reverse the age-related loss of muscle mass, with RT having a better effect. Additionally, HIIT showed better long-term intervention regarding pro-apoptotic factors. Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms of different exercise methods on aging skeletal muscle.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leatha A. Clark, David W. Russ, Dallin Tavoian, W. David Arnold, Timothy D. Law, Christopher R. France, Brian C. Clark
Summary: The response of muscle strength to resistance exercise in older adults appears to be dependent on the type of contraction, with changes in muscle contractility being positively associated with improvements in isokinetic strength. Changes in lean mass and voluntary activation did not significantly explain the heterogeneity in strength response. More comprehensive assessments of muscle strength adaptations are needed in future investigations.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ling-Pi Huang, Giancarlo Condello, Chia-Hua Kuo
Summary: In 20 studies, it was found that 10-15g of milk protein supplementation could increase LBM/FFM in older adults, while whey protein supplementation may have negative effects. Furthermore, improvements in muscle strength were only observed with protein doses of 22g or higher per day.
Review
Cell Biology
Giulia Coletta, Stuart M. Phillips
Summary: Consensus on what constitutes sarcopenia is critical to propel research in the field and provide prognostic value and treatment options for patients.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xu-zhi Zhang, Wen-qing Xie, Lin Chen, Guo-dong Xu, Li Wu, Yu-sheng Li, Yu-xiang Wu
Summary: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle disorder and is associated with comorbidities. It is measured by muscle strength, mass, and physical performance. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has been gaining attention in managing sarcopenia as it can increase muscle mass and strength. Intricate mechanisms, including blood vessels, hormones, and muscle fibers, contribute to mitigating sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo, Alejandro Espeso-Garcia, Tomas Abelleira-Lamela, Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
Summary: Regular physical activity using outdoor fitness equipment is crucial for the health and disease prevention of older adults. This review highlights the potential benefits, including improved cardiovascular health, muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and reduced falls. It also outlines the need for further research to understand the psychological, physiological, and social effects of outdoor fitness equipment on health, as well as the importance of equipment modifications to enhance effectiveness and safety.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalia Maira da Cruz Alves, Karina Pfrimer, Priscila Carvalho Santos, Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Thiago Neves, Rodrigo Antonio Pessini, Marcia Varella Morandi Junqueira-Franco, Marcello H. Nogueira-Barbosa, Carolyn Anne Greig, Eduardo Ferriolli
Summary: This study found that fish oil supplementation can enhance the response of sarcopenic older women to exercise, increasing muscle strength and physical performance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Filipe Rodrigues, Christophe Domingos, Diogo Monteiro, Pedro Morouco
Summary: As aging population increases, sarcopenia and fall risk become public health concerns. Falls are linked to reduced functionality, increased morbidity and mortality. Treating fall-related injuries is costly. Active lifestyle is crucial in reducing falls. Given the importance of muscle mass, strength, bone density, and cartilage function, resistance training positively impacts the elderly. This review examined the evidence on resistance training methods for the elderly to reduce falls and their consequences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
J. A. K. O. B. R. ALLEN, R. E. M. Z. I. SATIROGLU, B. R. A. N. D. O. N. FICO, H. I. R. O. F. U. M. I. TANAKA, E. M. R. E. VARDARLI, J. E. F. F. R. E. Y. J. LUCI, E. D. W. A. R. D. F. COYLE
Summary: The study shows that 8 weeks of maximal power cycling training effectively increases muscle mass, maximal power, cardiovascular capacity, and functional tasks in untrained 50- to 68-year-olds.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nick Gaulton, Griffen Wakelin, Laura V. Young, Scott Wotherspoon, Michael Kamal, Gianni Parise, Joshua P. Nederveen, Andy Holwerda, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. van Loon, Tim Snijders, Adam P. Johnston
Summary: Twist2-expressing cells are a population of myogenic progenitors in human skeletal muscle that respond to aging and exercise. They are similar to fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) and distinct from satellite cells. These cells are more prevalent in aged muscle and increase following resistance exercise training (RET).
Article
Sport Sciences
Mathew W. Hill, Matthew Roberts, Michael J. Price, Anthony D. Kay
Summary: This study investigated the effects of flywheel training on standing balance, mobility, physical function, muscle thickness, and muscle quality in older adults. The results showed that after 6 weeks of flywheel training, there were significant increases in muscle thickness and muscle quality, as well as improvements in physical function, balance, and mobility among older adults.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anoop T. Balachandran, William J. Evans, Peggy M. Cawthon, Yipeng Wang, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Marc K. Hellerstein, Peihua Qiu, Todd Manini
Summary: The D3Cr dilution method provides a direct measure of skeletal muscle mass and is strongly associated with health-related outcomes in older men. However, its sensitivity to detect changes in muscle mass due to intervention is limited.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sebastiaan Dalle, Evelien Van Roie, Charlotte Hiroux, Mathias Vanmunster, Walter Coudyzer, Frank Suhr, Stijn Bogaerts, Ruud Van Thienen, Katrien Koppo
Summary: The study found that while Ω-3 fatty acids contribute to increased muscle strength in older adults, they do not improve beneficial catabolic or inflammatory adaptations induced by resistance exercise. Changes in muscle quality, rather than muscle volume, might explain the gains in strength.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Fabio Lera Orsatti, Paulo Ricardo Prado Nunes, Marcelo Augusto da Silva Carneiro, Claudio Lera Orsatti, Markus Vinicius Campus Souza
Summary: This study found that there is heterogeneity in muscle strength response to resistance training in postmenopausal women, and the factors that contribute to this heterogeneity are training frequency and insulin resistance.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Helio Jose Coelho-Junior
Summary: High-speed resistance training (HSRT) is recommended as a possible strategy to manage frailty in older adults, but there is a lack of investigations to support this hypothesis. Frailty is prevalent in nursing home residents, and understanding if HSRT might contribute to frail patients' care is an urgent issue. Reduced joint flexibility and cognitive resiliency in frail older adults living in long-term institutions may hinder the efficiency and feasibility of HSRT.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)