Article
Rehabilitation
Elizabeth C. Pasipanodya, Benjamin Dirlikov, Kathleen Castillo, Kazuko L. Shem
Summary: This study aimed to examine predictors of cognitive functioning profiles and their associations with psychological well-being among individuals receiving acute spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Results showed associations between fewer years of education, smoking history, substance use history, and more severe postconcussion symptoms with low cognitive functioning. At 6 months, individuals with low cognitive functioning reported significantly lower levels of life satisfaction compared to the other two groups.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alicja Widuch-Spodyniuk, Beata Tarnacka, Bogumil Korczynski, Justyna Wisniowska
Summary: Innovative rehabilitation methods, such as robotic-assisted gait therapy (RAGT), have shown positive effects on the improvement of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ashley Craig, Yvonne Tran, Mohit Arora, Ilaria Pozzato, James W. Middleton
Summary: This paper presents the Spinal Cord Injury Adjustment Model (SCIAM), which explains how individuals adjust to spinal cord injury and proposes that the adjustment process is multifactorial and nonlinear over time. Mediation analyses supported the role of self-efficacy and quality of life appraisal in enhancing self-care and buffering the negative impact of health challenges.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Md Akhlasur Rahman, Niraj Singh Tharu, Sylvia M. Gustin, Yong-Ping Zheng, Monzurul Alam
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating injury with severe complications, but recent development of noninvasive electrical neuromodulation treatments offers hope for rehabilitation. Trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) and trans-spinal pulsed current stimulation (tsPCS) have shown promising results in improving sensorimotor and autonomic functions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hatice Kumru, Loreto Garcia-Alen, Aina Ros-Alsina, Sergiu Albu, Margarita Valles, Joan Vidal
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) could improve respiratory function in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI). The results showed that subjects who received tSCS combined with inspiratory muscle training (IMT) experienced significant improvements in breathlessness/dyspnea, hypophonia, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and forced vital capacity. Therefore, tSCS may serve as an effective adjunctive therapy for respiratory impairments following SCI.
Article
Rehabilitation
Elham Mahmoudi, Paul Lin, Mark D. Peterson, Michelle A. Meade, Denise G. Tate, Neil Kamdar
Summary: Middle-aged and older adults with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD). Improved clinical screening and early interventions to preserve cognitive function are crucial for this patient population.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mayra Galvis Aparicio, Valerie Carrard, Simon Kunz, Davide Morselli, Marcel W. M. Post, Claudio Peter
Summary: The psychological adaptation process during spinal cord injury inpatient rehabilitation shows improvements at a group level, but individual adaptation patterns vary, including improvement, resilience, and vulnerability. Screening for psychological adaptation issues, providing psychosocial support, and targeting factors like self-efficacy and social support are important for promoting a more favorable psychological adaptation process.
REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Cristina Shea, Chloe Slocum, Richard Goldstein, Mary Joan Roach, Russell Griffin, Yuying Chen, Ross Zafonte
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether initial emergency department physiological measures and trauma severity predict functional outcomes and neurologic recovery in traumatic spinal cord injury. The results showed that emergency department physiological parameters did not predict functional outcomes in this cohort.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Natalia S. C. Cunha, Anahita Malvea, Sarah Sadat, George M. Ibrahim, Michael G. Fehlings
Summary: This review provides a concise overview of key aspects related to spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in children. It covers the etiology, epidemiology, unique challenges, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, multidisciplinary management, emerging research, and innovative therapies of pediatric SCIs. The need for continued advancements in understanding and treating SCIs in children to improve their functional independence and overall quality of life is emphasized.
Article
Immunology
Emma Schmidt, Pamela Raposo, Romana Vavrek, Karim Fouad
Summary: Inflammation can enhance neuronal sprouting and recovery in rats following spinal cord injury, and systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment in the subacute stage can improve the recovery of the ipsilesional forelimb.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Margo Randelman, Lyandysha V. Zholudeva, Stephane Vinit, Michael A. Lane
Summary: This article reviews the anatomical incompleteness and neuroplasticity resulting from spinal cord injuries, as well as how non-invasive respiratory treatments can enhance recovery. It focuses on current clinically used respiratory training strategies and those in development, while also considering the impact of training on non-respiratory networks. Insights are given on advances in pre-clinical and translational research in this area, with a look into future directions for enhancing plasticity and improving functional outcomes after SCI.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Emi A. Kiyotake, Michael D. Martin, Michael S. Detamore
Summary: This review discusses the potential of regenerative medicine and rehabilitation approaches for SCI, as well as the role of conductive biomaterials in synergizing these two fields. Current limitations and translational challenges for conductive biomaterials in becoming therapeutics for SCI are identified.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Yunuen Moreno-Lopez, Edmund R. Hollis
Summary: Restoring sensory circuit function after SCI is crucial for movement recovery, with current interventions mainly targeting motor pathways. Corticocortical connections between S1 and M1 are key loci of plasticity, but the impact of rehabilitation on S1-M1 network plasticity and movement recovery remains unknown.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samantha Lincoln, Leslie R. Morse, Karen Troy, Nicole Mattson, Nguyen Nguyen, Ricardo A. A. Battaglino
Summary: Spinal cord injury often leads to osteoporosis, increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures. This study identified a microRNA, miR-148a-3p, which is associated with osteoporosis following spinal cord injury. MiR-148a-3p was upregulated in acute SCI patients and negatively correlated with bone marrow adiposity. The findings suggest that miR-148a-3p may play a mediating role in osteoporosis following spinal cord injury and could be a potential therapeutic target.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jadwiga N. Bilchak, Kyle Yeakle, Guillaume Caron, Dillon Malloy, Marie-Pascale Cote
Summary: Increasing KCC2 activity to restore chloride homeostasis and endogenous inhibition is an effective approach to reduce spastic symptoms in individuals with SCI, potentially avoiding severe side effects and improving quality of life.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Matthew W. R. Stevens, Diana Dorstyn, Paul H. Delfabbro, Daniel L. King
Summary: The worldwide prevalence of gaming disorder is around 3.05%, but varies significantly depending on factors such as assessment tools and sampling criteria. Studies that met more stringent sampling criteria showed a lower prevalence of 1.96%. Gaming disorder rates are higher in males compared to females.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Belinda G. Fuss, Diana Dorstyn, Lynn Ward
Summary: Older adults were particularly at risk for loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using computers for communication can enhance social interactions and relationships for older people. Research found that older adults with high CMC usage showed better social functioning, despite a decrease in weekly CMC use during the pandemic while CMC behaviors remained consistent.
BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Matthew Hartley, Clemence Due, Diana Dorstyn
Summary: Studies reveal that caregivers of ASD patients feel the need to adjust mindfulness practice to fit busy lifestyles; ASD adult patients face therapy barriers that require further research; ASD children focus on the benefits of therapy.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diana S. Dorstyn, Anna Chur-Hansen, Ella Mansell, Gregory Murphy, Rachel M. Roberts, Peter Stewart, Elizabeth Potter, Ian Kneebone, Ashley Craig
Summary: This study explores stakeholder perspectives and experiences with the job search process for individuals with spinal cord injuries or disorders (SCI/D), in order to identify service gaps and solutions for returning to work. The findings suggest that the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) systems model provides a broad framework for understanding the complex return-to-work process, and vocational rehabilitation should include motivational support to enhance job readiness. Addressing discrimination through employment policies is also crucial. The results will be used to develop intervention targets for a newly established vocational rehabilitation service.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Shaun Prentice, Jill Benson, Diana Dorstyn, Taryn Elliott
Summary: The study confirms the complex and multifaceted nature of wellbeing experienced by family medicine and general practice trainees. Psychological factors such as emotional intelligence, positive mental health, self-confidence, and resilience, as well as positive interpersonal relationships, rewards, and balanced interactions between personal and professional demands, are identified as critical elements.
TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda J. Osborn, Rachel M. Roberts, Diana S. Dorstyn, Ben G. Grave, David J. David
Summary: Findings from 32 studies on individuals with sagittal synostosis (SS) showed varied results, with some experiencing negative cognitive, behavioral, and psychological outcomes, highlighting the necessity for routine assessments.
Review
Family Studies
Teghan Leech, Diana Dorstyn, Amanda Taylor, Wenjing Li
Summary: Smartphone apps show promise as a stand-alone self-management tool in mental health service delivery, producing significant symptom improvement. While longer-term benefits are still uncertain, some individual studies show positive trends up to 6 months post. Further controlled trials with follow-up data are needed to confirm these findings.
CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Diana Dorstyn, Melissa Oxlad, Rachel Roberts, Gregory Murphy, Elizabeth Potter, Ian Kneebone, Ashley Craig
Summary: This pilot study aimed to improve exploration of employment options in job-seekers with long-term multiple sclerosis through an online peer discussion forum. Despite a high attrition rate, intervention completers valued the guidance and expertise provided by online mentors. While both MS JobSeek and control participants reported positive changes, group and time effects were not significant.
JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Review
Rehabilitation
Ian I. Kneebone, Brooke E. Van Zanden, Diana S. Dorstyn, Rachel M. Roberts, Stephen R. Lord, Dawn Querstret, Alice Theadom, David S. Kennedy, Jay Raman, Roshan das Nair
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of relaxation therapies in treating symptoms and sequelae of multiple sclerosis. The results show that relaxation can improve depression, anxiety, stress, and fatigue, but the comparison with established psychological or physical therapies is mixed. However, due to the high risk of bias in the included studies, stronger conclusions cannot be drawn at present.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Shaun Prentice, Jill Benson, Diana Dorstyn, Taryn Elliott
Summary: Efforts to promote wellbeing and reduce burnout among postgraduate medical trainees have faced obstacles due to lack of understanding of intervention mechanisms and delivery. This literature review focuses on Family Medicine/General Practice trainees and identifies key change mechanisms and delivery methods for wellbeing interventions. The findings offer guidance for future research and program design.
TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Education, Special
Matthew Hartley, Diana Dorstyn, Clemence Due
Summary: In this study, the feasibility of a self-guided mindfulness app, Smiling Mind, for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their parents was examined. The trial encountered challenges in recruitment, enrollment, and retention, resulting in a small sample size. Time commitments and distractions were identified as barriers to participation. To maximize sampling and engagement, future research should consider broadening recruitment strategies, partnering with community services and schools, and incorporating regular communication with participants.
RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Tina Makris, Diana S. Dorstyn
Summary: This article provides an up-to-date review of the current evidence-base on the effectiveness of third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies for people with epilepsy. The study shows that acceptance techniques and mindfulness practice may bring mental health benefits for some individuals with epilepsy, but the results are not consistent for everyone.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Shaun Prentice, Taryn Elliott, Diana Dorstyn, Jill Benson
Summary: This study aimed to explore and conceptualize burnout and wellbeing among medical trainees. Grounded theory was used as the research method to collect data from interviews and focus groups. The findings revealed that burnout and wellbeing are multifaceted constructs that are interconnected, and value fulfilment is proposed as a basic change mechanism.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shaun Prentice, Taryn Elliott, Diana Dorstyn, Jill Benson
Summary: The study explores stakeholders' views of burnout interventions within Australian general practice training. The findings highlight the importance of both individual and organizational-level changes in preventing and managing burnout.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Vanessa F. Schiller, Diana S. Dorstyn, Amanda M. Taylor
Summary: The protective effects of social support on caregiver mental health have been well established, with positive sources of support significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms. Strengthening close personal relationships and connections with formal support services can enhance parental mental health.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)