Article
Psychology, Biological
J. Jordan Price, Mira T. Willson, Rustin W. Pare
Summary: Female singing and male-female duetting are not always found in the same species. This study investigates the evolution of female vocal complexity and male-female vocal coordination in Carolina wrens. The research suggests that the evolution of female vocal complexity and vocal coordination with males have occurred independently and serve different functions in communication.
Article
Parasitology
Chris T. McAllister, John A. Hnida, Stanley E. Trauth
Summary: In this study, a new species of Isospora parasitic to the Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus ludovicianus) is reported, along with information on its morphology and endogenous development. This is the first coccidian reported from the Carolina wren in North America.
ACTA PARASITOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Ornithology
Holly R. Keating, Dustin G. Reichard
Summary: The primary function of birdsong is to attract and stimulate mates and repel rivals during the breeding season. Many bird species also sing during the nonbreeding season, raising questions about the function and mechanisms behind nonbreeding season song. This study compared breeding and nonbreeding season songs of Carolina Wrens and found differences in song length and syllable number. Other factors such as trill rate, note per syllable, and frequency did not significantly differ between the two seasons. This study lays the groundwork for future investigations into seasonal variations in bird songs.
WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ornithology
Pedro Diniz, Charles Duca
Summary: Birds adjust their acoustic signals to minimize interference of anthropogenic noise and communicate aggressive intent, and urbanization affects territorial and vocal behaviors in southern house wrens. Urban wrens behaved more aggressively in response to territorial intrusion regardless of noise, suggesting a primary adjustment of acoustic signals in response to the intruder rather than noise. Urban wrens also produced higher-pitched songs and trills, while rural wrens adjusted their song length based on noise level.
JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ana Leita, Raoul A. Mulder, Michelle L. Hall
Summary: This study investigated the function of female and male song in the lovely fairy-wren and found that females and males have similar song structure, complexity, and natural song rates. Both sexes sing more during nonbreeding periods, and they respond similarly to simulated territorial intrusion. The results suggest that female and male songs serve similar functions in joint territorial defense and within-pair communication for coordination.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chao Zhang, Zheyuan Zhang, Yuchen Tian, Sze Yun Set, Shinji Yamashita
Summary: This article discusses the challenges and proposed solutions for high-precision 3-D measurement using an AMCW laser scanner, including dual-frequency modulation technology and data processing methods, effectively overcoming the tradeoff between longitudinal resolution and unambiguous range, as well as addressing phase jumps caused by scanning range exceeding the unambiguous range.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Karan J. Odom, Kristal E. Cain, Michelle L. Hall, Naomi E. Langmore, Raoul A. Mulder, Sonia Kleindorfer, Jordan Karubian, Lyanne Brouwer, Erik D. Enbody, John Anthony Jones, Jenelle L. Dowling, Ana Leitao, Emma Greig, Christine Evans, Allison E. Johnson, Kimberley K. -A Meyers, Marcelo Araya-Salas, Michael S. Webster
Summary: The study found that male song elaboration is partly due to sexual competition, with male songs being longer in populations with low male survival and less male provisioning. Female songs evolved independently and were slower paced than male songs, particularly in less synchronously breeding populations. Male and female songs were more similar when parental care was more equal and male survival was high, indicating a correlation between sex role similarity and male-female song similarity.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cara A. Krieg, Juli Wade
Summary: This study focuses on house wrens and their song circuit, revealing the relationship between brain morphology and behavior. It shows varying degrees of sex differences in song complexity and provides evidence of a correlation between acoustic complexity and neural structure in females. This research offers a new model for understanding the relationship between brain structure and function.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
Roselvy Juarez, Yimen G. Araya-Ajoy, Gilbert Barrantes, Luis Sandoval
Summary: Anthropogenic noise can reduce the number of song elements in House Wren repertoire and affect the proportion of high-frequency elements. The frequency and duration of shared elements between males change with different levels of anthropogenic noise. Individuals in noisier territories tended to have smaller repertoires, and those in the noisiest location included more high-frequency elements in their songs.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ross McMillan, Morteza Tabatabaeipour, Rory Hampson, Charalampos Loukas, Taiyi Zhao, Rachel S. Edwards, Charles MacLeod, Gordon Dobie
Summary: This paper characterizes the suitability of different guided wave modes generated by EMAT for reflecting from butt welds. The authors determine that the SH1 mode at a frequency-thickness product of 2 MHz.mm is highly suitable for accurate ranging, with an average reflection co-efficient of approximately 0.45. The experimental ranging over 1 meter demonstrated a 2.65% error using their method. This work enables detailed mapping and inspection of large welded structures using mobile robotic inspection systems with EMATs.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alexander Hutfluss, Veronika A. Rohr, Saray Scheidt, Linda Steinbichl, Eira Bermudez-Cuamatzin, Hans Slabbekoorn, Niels J. Dingemanse
Summary: Contrary to expectations, song overlapping in great tits was found to be associated with less aggression rather than more aggression. The majority of birds overlapped at or below chance levels, suggesting that song overlapping may not signal aggressive intent but rather 'nonengagement' or interference avoidance during territorial intrusions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily D. Caldwell, Laura C. Sinclair, Nathan R. Newbury, Jean-Daniel Deschenes
Summary: The classic self-referenced frequency comb laser is widely used in frequency, time, and distance metrology for its rigid spacing of optical output. However, limitations arise in sensing applications due to the fixed nature of the comb output. In this study, we demonstrate an agile programmable frequency comb that allows for digitally controlled pulse time and phase, enabling quantum-limited sensitivity in sensing applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Montenegro, William D. Service, Erin N. Scully, Shannon K. Mischler, Prateek K. Sahu, Thomas J. Benowicz, Katelyn V. R. Fox, Christopher B. Sturdy
Summary: Research shows that anthropogenic noise can impact animals' interpretation of acoustic signals, such as causing pitch and frequency changes in black-capped chickadees' songs. Experimental findings indicate that anthropogenic noise makes it more challenging for black-capped chickadees to discriminate between individual female chickadees, with higher noise levels having a more pronounced effect on discrimination.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Kaile Wang, Zengrun Wen, Wei Guo, Yingfei Xiong, Li Yang, Ping Wang
Summary: A self-sweeping fiber laser ranging system was proposed and experimentally studied, which demonstrated the capability of distance measurement. The system utilizes continuous wave self-sweeping pulses to generate amplitude modulation light, allowing the extraction of phase differences in laser flight times for distance calculation.
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
K. C. Owen, D. J. Mennill
Summary: The study found that female Rufous-and-white Wrens change song-types more often in areas with more neighbors, while no aspect of vocal behavior varied with the number of neighbors for males. Variations in vocal behaviors with time of day and time of year were observed for both sexes.
JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
(2021)
