Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Vishnu, R. Jaishanker
Summary: More precise measurements of leaf shape complexity can enhance our understanding of plant adaptation and resilience. We propose a method that relates fractal dimension to topological entropy to measure the complexity of plant leaf shapes. Our method, based on segmental fractal complexity, improves upon existing measures by capturing the spatial positioning of leaf components. We applied this method to tropical plant species and found it to be simple and informative.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiawen Cai, Zhaoyang Yu, Shengqiang Yang, Jingxia Tang, Zhenqian Ma, Xionggang Xie, Xincheng Hu
Summary: Pore structure and surface morphology are important factors in coal spontaneous combustion, but little research has quantitatively described them. In this study, the evolution of the surface physical structure of different metamorphic coal during low-temperature oxidation was investigated using specific surface area analyzer and atomic force microscopy. The results showed that the average pore size of coal decreased with increasing temperature, particularly for low-metamorphic coal. On the other hand, the specific surface area increased gradually with temperature, especially for lignite. The surface morphology changed from fluctuation to a flat surface with fewer high peaks as the temperature increased, and the fractal dimension also increased, indicating a more complex pore structure and surface morphology during coal oxidation, particularly for lignite. The effect of coal surface structure on oxidizability was explained by pore connectivity and oxygen adsorption on the surface during the coal oxygen compound reaction.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongyuan Qi, Juan Hu, Yiyi Ju, Huayi Jiang, Mei Liu
Summary: This study comprehensively and quantitatively describes the surface morphology of X80 steel with hydrophilic underwater oleophobic characteristic by combining fractal dimension and multifractal. A chemical etching method was used to construct X80 steel with hydrophilic underwater oleophobic surface properties. The relationship between the surface fractal dimension of X80 and the stability of the water ring in the core annular flow was investigated using contact angle, rolling angle, and adhesion work as wettability parameters.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xin Jiang, Baojiang Sun, Zhiyuan Wang, Wantian Zhou, Jiakai Ji, Litao Chen
Summary: The growth of hydrate crystals on the surface of methane bubble in pure water was studied using a high-pressure visible microscope. It was found that the hydrate film is porous and the crystal morphology and growth rate are affected by subcooling and methane concentration difference.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xufu Wang, Chang Chen, Yubin Wang
Summary: Porous alumina was prepared using sacrificial template approach with different pore formers. The pore structure and pore size of the porous alumina were influenced by the volume content and shape of the pore formers. The porosity and pore size of the alumina increased with the increase in carbon fiber content. The surface fractal dimension decreased with the increase in pore former content.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vojislav Mitic, Cristina Serpa, Ivana Ilic, Markus Mohr, Hans-Jorg Fecht
Summary: Materials science plays a crucial role in space exploration and energy production, particularly in designing, improving, and predicting advanced material properties. This study utilized fractal analysis techniques to analyze microstructures of samples solidified in space and on Earth, establishing new frontiers in advanced structure prediction.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenzhen Lu, Shunxi Deng, Xi Liu, Lihui Huang, Ruixu Zhang, Hui Song, Guanghua Li
Summary: This study characterized the morphology and chemical composition of particles emitted from conventional and alternative fuel vehicles using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray. The results showed that particles emitted by different vehicles contained C, O, Fe, and Na elements, with alternative fuel vehicles having a more complex elemental composition.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yonghao Zhang, Jinfeng Ma, Yang Wang, Fei Wang, Xin Li, Luanxiao Zhao
Summary: This study proposes a set of methods to analyze the fracture complexity of cylindrical cores after triaxial fracturing. The lateral surface of the core cylinders is scanned with a 2D optical scanner to extract fracture parameters, and the resulting data is analyzed to understand the relationship between fracture complexity, mineral content, and surface fracture rate. The study finds that fracture complexity is positively correlated with surface fracture rate and has no correlation with dip dispersion.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Liqiang Yu, Qiangling Yao, Zhaohui Chong, Yinghu Li, Qiang Xu, Hongxin Xie, Pingyu Ye
Summary: The study investigated the changes in water absorption characteristics, pore structure, microscopic morphology, and mechanical properties of coal samples with different numbers of dry-wet cycles. Results showed a correlation between the number of cycles and peak stress, porosity, and internal damage of the coal samples.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yuner Pang, Minghao Chen, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiyao Chen, Xiaomi Teng, Shaofei Kong, Zhonghua Zheng, Weijun Li
Summary: Databases of fresh size-resolved soot particles morphological parameters from various combustion sources are crucial for understanding the aging process and optical properties. This study characterized the mixing state, effective density, monomer number and diameter, and fractal dimension of soot particles from vehicle emissions, biomass burning, coal combustion, tunnel air, and urban air. The morphological parameters varied among different combustion sources and showed a size effect. The database of size-resolved soot particles is important for improving soot models and evaluating atmospheric optical properties.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhiwei Li, Dingwen Yu, Jie Cui, Pingfa Feng, Feng Feng
Summary: This study investigated the influence of brass surface morphology on the Leidenfrost effect, demonstrating that it significantly affects the triangle T-LP. Multi-scaled analysis was used to explore the influencing mechanism of surface microstructure, showing a clearer relationship between triangle T-LP and scale when the scale was small, along with the calculation and discussion of fractal dimension.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu Jin, Qian Zhang, Li-Min Zhang, Ning-Fei Lei, Jin-Song Chen, Wei Xue, Fei-Hai Yu
Summary: The response of the aquatic clonal plant Spirodela polyrhiza to nutrient availability shows a unimodal pattern for total biomass and number of ramets, while root mass and root length exhibit a U-shaped response. This indicates that the plant invests more in roots under lower nutrient concentrations, suggesting distinct influences on roots and fronds due to nutrient availability.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Xiang-yu Xu, Zhi-qi Zeng, Qian-ren Tian, Chen-wei Cao, Ping Shen, Jian-xun Fu
Summary: The morphology and distribution of manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions have a significant influence on the comprehensive performance of materials. This study used non-aqueous electrolyte and scanning electron microscope observation, along with fractal theory, to investigate the three-dimensional morphologies and two-dimensional distribution of MnS inclusions. The results showed a positive correlation between the edge fractal dimension of MnS inclusions and the morphological parameters. The multifractal spectrum accurately reflected the distribution differences and non-uniformity of MnS inclusions on a two-dimensional plane. With the refinement of MnS inclusions, the multifractal spectrum width and symmetry parameter decreased, providing a new method for studying the second phase in materials.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ta-Chih Hsiao, Hsiao-Chi Chuang, Jing-Chi Lin, Tsun-Jen Cheng, Li-Ti Chou
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of different particle shapes on electrostatic precipitators, finding that for nanoparticles, penetration rates were similar but diffusion losses were significant; for fine particles, soot aggregates had higher collection efficiency. The study also used a mathematical model to predict the performance of ESP-ALI.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xu Wang, You-Peng Chen, Shao-Yang Liu, Jin-Song Guo, Fang Fang, Peng Yan
Summary: This study investigated the behavior and biotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with different morphologies on aerobic denitrifier Pseudomonas stutzeri. The results showed that flaky AgNPs with a rough surface and complex structure more significantly inhibited the growth and nitrogen removal of P. stutzeri compared to spherical AgNPs. These findings can provide new insights into the morphology-dependent toxicity of AgNPs and their negative impacts on aerobic denitrification wastewater treatment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)