Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ilaria Porello, Francesco Cellesi
Summary: Achieving effective delivery of therapeutic proteins to intracellular targets is crucial for advancing human health. Current methods, such as chemical modification and nanocarrier-based approaches, have limitations in efficiency and safety. Developing more versatile delivery tools that trigger endocytosis or directly deliver proteins to the cytosol is essential for successful therapeutic effects. This article provides an overview of current methods for intracellular protein delivery, highlighting challenges and opportunities for future research.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda Fernandes de Medeiros, Jaluza Luana Carvalho de Queiroz, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel, Ana Heloneida de Araujo Morais
Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with obesity, and hydrolyzed proteins and plant peptides have shown potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Understanding the mechanism of action of these molecules is important for their potential health applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayad A. Al-Hamashi, Radhika Koranne, Samkeliso Dlamini, Abdulateef Alqahtani, Endri Karaj, Maisha S. Rashid, Joseph R. Knoff, Matthew Dunworth, Mary Kay H. Pflum, Robert A. Casero, Lalith Perera, William R. Taylor, L. M. Viranga Tillekeratne
Summary: This study describes a new class of antimitotic agents that modulate tubulin polymerization, demonstrating significant cell growth inhibition on cancer cells with limited impact on normal cells. While initially designed to inhibit histone deacetylase enzymes, the compounds showed cytotoxicity through a different mechanism, suggesting potential for targeted anticancer therapy.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Mosquera-Heredia, Luis C. Morales, Oscar M. Vidal, Ernesto Barcelo, Carlos Silvera-Redondo, Jorge Velez, Pilar Garavito-Galofre
Summary: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells and play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, making them potential biomarkers for disease detection, prognosis, and treatment. Research has advanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release, molecular composition, and their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Nora Khiar-Fernandez, Jon Macicior, Beatriz Marcos-Ramiro, Silvia Ortega-Gutierrez
Summary: Chemical probes in specific applications in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry have greatly enhanced our understanding of biological systems, with fundamental implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Successful drug discovery programs now prioritize identification, engagement, and endogenous levels of therapeutic targets from the earliest stages.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lili Yu, Wei Hong, Shen Lu, Yanrong Li, Yaya Guan, Xiaogang Weng, Zhiwei Feng
Summary: NAFLD is a common primary liver disease worldwide with no effective treatment currently available. Recent studies suggest that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in the development of NAFLD. Several NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have shown promising results in experimental and clinical studies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Ignacio Erices, Carolina Bizama, Ignacio Niechi, Daniel Uribe, Arnaldo Rosales, Karen Fabres, Giovanna Navarro-Martinez, Angelo Torres, Rody San Martin, Juan Carlos Roa, Claudia Quezada-Monras
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common and malignant brain cancer with poor prognosis. Its low effectiveness is attributed to tumor infiltration into healthy brain tissue, which depends on the interaction between GBM cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review highlights the use of 3D patient-derived glioblastoma organoid cultures as a new platform for studying TME and invasiveness. It discusses the mechanisms involved in GBM-TME interaction and proposes potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lijuan Jiao, Yuzhe Liu, Xi-Yong Yu, Xiangbin Pan, Yu Zhang, Junchu Tu, Yao-Hua Song, Yangxin Li
Summary: The ribosome is responsible for translating mRNA into protein and ribosome biogenesis plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. mTORC1, Myc, and noncoding RNA signaling pathways, along with RNA polymerases and ribosome proteins, regulate ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of these pathways is implicated in various diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and atherosclerosis.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anowarul Islam, Zeeshan Shaukat, Rashid Hussain, Stephen. L. L. Gregory
Summary: Cancer metabolic reprogramming is crucial for cancer cell survival and replication, and one-carbon and polyamine metabolism play significant roles in this process. The targeting of these metabolic pathways holds promise as a strategy for cancer therapy, and therapeutic inhibitors have been explored as potential anticancer medications.
Article
Immunology
Shuxian Liao, Qian Ning, Yao Chen, Xuhong Zhao, Shengsong Tang
Summary: Aging is a natural physiological process that increases the risk of chronic diseases in the elderly, and immunosenescence is an important factor. With age, the immune system undergoes changes that result in a decline in resistance to infections, reduced immunity to vaccines, increased incidence of cancer and autoimmune diseases. This review introduces the changes in the immune system, their effects, and anti-aging methods.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Karen Aymonnier, Charlotte Kawecki, Veronique Arocas, Yacine Boulaftali, Marie Christine Bouton
Summary: Hemostasis is a regulated process involving a balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant systems. Hemophilia, a well-known bleeding disorder, is caused by deficiencies in FVIII or FIX and recent studies suggest that targeting natural serpins could rebalance coagulation in hemophilia.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Swati Sharma, Tarun Tyagi, Silvio Antoniak
Summary: Thrombo-inflammation, characterized by the formation of microvascular thrombosis and inflammation, is a clinical manifestation observed in various diseases. Platelets play a crucial role in this process by contributing to coagulation, inflammatory processes, and leukocyte recruitment. Understanding the role of platelets in thrombo-inflammatory disorders, including COVID-19, can provide valuable insights for potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brian H. Annex, John P. Cooke
Summary: PAD is a significant global cause of disability and mortality, primarily due to atherosclerotic obstructions in the large arteries to the leg(s). Despite advances in surgical and endovascular procedures, treatment outcomes may be suboptimal at times due to comorbid conditions or severe microvascular disease.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yinuo Wu, Zhe Li, Yun-Song Zhao, Yi-You Huang, Mei-Yan Jiang, Hai-Bin Luo
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global crisis, with a need for effective treatments and drugs. The structure of SARS-CoV-2 is highly conserved, with enzymes identified as key targets for therapy. Repositioning existing drugs for treatment is a rapid approach that has shown efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitri Sviridov, Michael Bukrinsky
Summary: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) refer to a range of cognitive impairments that accompany HIV infection. While successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) can reduce severe forms of HAND, milder forms are still prevalent in over 50% of people living with HIV. The pathogenesis of HAND in the ART era remains unclear, but this article proposes impairment of cholesterol homeostasis and lipid rafts by the HIV-1 protein Nef as a possible contributing factor. The study explores the impact of Nef on cellular cholesterol balance and potential therapeutic targets for HAND.
