Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalia Genere, Ravinder Jeet Kaur, Shobana Athimulam, Melinda A. Thomas, Todd Nippoldt, Molly Van Norman, Ravinder Singh, Stefan Grebe, Irina Bancos
Summary: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the normal ranges of free cortisol during the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and identify the population of patients where post-DST free cortisol measurements are valuable in the diagnostic workup. The study found that post-DST free cortisol measurements are valuable in patients with optimal dexamethasone concentrations and post-DST total cortisol between 1.8 and 5 mcg/dL.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Nora Vogg, Max Kurlbaum, Timo Deutschbein, Benedict Grasl, Martin Fassnacht, Matthias Kroiss
Summary: The dexamethasone suppression test is crucial for suspected Cushing syndrome, and quantification of serum dexamethasone can enhance test performance. A normal lower limit of 1.8 ng/mL was established for dexamethasone, with factors like renal function and diabetes impacting serum concentration.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Selena de Wasseige, Khristine Picotte, Jean-Pierre Lavoie
Summary: Oral administration of dexamethasone is effective in treating severe asthma in horses, while nebulized dexamethasone is not effective. Both treatment modalities inhibit the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in horses.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Sophie Mainguy-Seers, Jean-Pierre Lavoie
Summary: Despite extensive research efforts, glucocorticoids remain crucial in treating asthma in horses. There are still many unknowns regarding their use, such as comparative efficacy of different drugs, minimal effective doses, and the mechanisms of variable modulation of airway inflammation. This structured review aims to report and compare the effects of various glucocorticoids in asthmatic horses, highlighting gaps in knowledge and potential areas for future research.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuichiro Iwamoto, Fuminori Tatsumi, Takashi Itoh, Taku Sasaki, Shigehito Mori, Toshitomo Sugisaki, Erina Nakao, Mana Ohnishi, Takashi Kusano, Haruka Takenouchi, Hideyuki Iwamoto, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Yukino Katakura, Tomohiko Kimura, Masashi Shimoda, Shuhei Nakanishi, Kohei Kaku, Tomoatsu Mune, Hideaki Kaneto
Summary: Cushing's syndrome and subclinical Cushing's syndrome are caused by increased cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. The study found a strong positive correlation between the cortisol / adrenocorticotropic hormone ratio (CAR) and cortisol levels in patients with AICS, suggesting a potential diagnostic value for identifying Cushing's syndrome. High CAR values were associated with increased cortisol secretion in AICS patients, indicating the potential utility of CAR as a screening tool for these conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martha K. P. Huayllas, Lynette M. Smith, J. Christopher Gallagher, Brian C. Netzel, Ravinder J. Singh, Claudio E. Kater
Summary: The study revealed increased activity in several steroid biosynthesis pathways in patients with adrenal incidentalomas, with higher steroid levels in bilateral cases compared to unilateral cases, and evidence of hypercortisolism in 30% of unilateral cases and 62% of bilateral cases.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tyler-Jane Robins, Daniela Bedenice, Melissa Mazan
Summary: Equine asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways in horses. This study aims to describe the clinical presentations of equine asthma, assess the accuracy of owner complaints, evaluate the diagnostic methods used, and analyze the response of horses to treatment and time.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henrik Olsen, Martin Olsen
Summary: The cortisol level after 1 mg dexamethasone (cortisol(DST)) >= 50 nmol/L is a criterion for mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) with an accuracy of approximately 85%. This study aimed to investigate the associations of cortisol(DST) with age, BMI, and renal function. The results showed that cortisol(DST) was strongly associated with the size of adrenal incidentalomas (AI) and weakly associated with age, BMI, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Wisdom Alemya Akurugu, Carel Jacobus Van Heerden, Nicola Mulder, Ekkehard Werner Zollner
Summary: This study found that some SNPs of the CRHR1 and NR3C1 genes are associated with HPAS in asthmatic children, with the C allele of rs41423247 potentially having a protective effect on HPAS, and the CC genotype being associated with the highest PMTP ACTH response.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
L. Lim, S. E. Hulsebosch, C. Gilor, K. L. Reagan, L. Kopecny, A. D. Maggiore, K. L. Phillips, P. H. Kass, W. Vernau, R. W. Nelson
Summary: This study re-evaluated the 8-hour cortisol cut-point of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test for diagnosing hypercortisolism in dogs. The optimal cut-point was determined to be more than 39 nmol/L, with a sensitivity of 85.2% and a specificity of 100%.
JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yawen Chen, Dan Xu, Xuan Xia, Guanghui Chen, Hao Xiao, Liaobin Chen, Hui Wang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of prenatal dexamethasone treatment (PDT) on adrenal function in offspring, revealing sex differences in adrenal steroidogenic function after birth. It was found that dexamethasone inhibited the H3K14ac level and expression of 11 beta-HSD2 through the GR/SP1/p300 pathway, with sex hormone receptors involved in regulating the sex difference in 11 beta-HSD2 expression.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shobitha Puvaneswaralingam, Albin Kjellbom, Ola Lindgren, Magnus Londahl, Henrik Olsen
Summary: In the investigation of adrenal incidentalomas, ACTH(ONDST) and ACTH ratio were found to be markers of HPA axis suppression. For patients with cortisol(ONDST) >= 50 nmol/L, ACTH(ONDST) >= 0.6 pmol/L and ACTH ratio >= 18% were effective in detecting inadequate suppression of the HPA axis.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. P. de Paula, A. B. Moraes, M. das Gracas Coelho de Souza, E. M. R. Cavalari, R. C. Campbell, G. da Silva Fernandes, M. L. F. Farias, L. M. C. Mendonca, M. Madeira, E. Bouskela, L. G. Kraemer-Aguiar, L. Vieira Neto
Summary: There were no significant differences in clinical, laboratory, and anthropometric characteristics, as well as body composition, between patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI) and controls. However, an association was found between cortisol levels and prolonged reactive hyperemia response in NFAI patients.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jonathan S. Atkins, James M. Hawley, Laura J. Owen, Jonathan Clayton, Jonathan Scargill, Brian G. Keevil
Summary: This study assessed the performance of three immunoassay platforms (Roche Elecsys II, Abbott Alinity, and Siemens Centaur) compared to a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method in the 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ONDST). The results showed that Roche and Siemens were more closely aligned with LC-MS/MS, while Abbott may decrease the sensitivity of ONDST.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Araujo-Castro, Felicia A. Hanzu, Eider Pascual-Corrales, Ana Garcia M. Cano, Marta Marchan, Hector F. Escobar-Morreale, Pablo Valderrabano, Gregori Casals
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the reliability of the 1mg-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a marker for glucocorticoid excess and cardiometabolic risk in patients with adrenal incidentalomas (AIs). The urinary steroid profile (USP) was determined using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The results showed a positive yet modest correlation between post-DST cortisol and total excretion of glucocorticoid metabolites, and the diagnostic accuracy of the DST for predicting ACS-related comorbidities improved when combined with other markers.