Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Shi-Bei Kong, Haximjan Abdusattar, Yihao Yin, Hongsheng Zhang, Ya-Peng Hu
Summary: In this paper, we derive the equations of state for the FRW universe in Einstein gravity and a modified gravity. The equation of state from Einstein gravity shows no P-V phase transition, while the equation of state from the modified gravity does, with the critical exponents being the same as those in mean field theory.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Arieh Ben-Naim
Summary: Time never decreases, but irreversible processes can be reversed with extremely low probability; entropy and the Second Law are timeless.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Juyong Song, Susanne Still, Rafael Diaz Hernandez Rojas, Isaac Perez Castillo, Matteo Marsili
Summary: Szilard's 1929 Gedankenexperiment proposed a theoretical foundation for computing the maximum average work that can be extracted in a multi-particle partition system, which depends on the mutual information of the particle counts in each partition. Below a critical number of particles, symmetric partitioning is optimal, while above this critical number, asymmetric partitioning is favored.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lloyd A. Demetrius, Christian Wolf
Summary: The article highlights the concepts of entropy in statistical mechanics and evolutionary dynamics, explaining their manifestations and connections in macroscopic bodies and populations of organisms. It also argues that the Directionality Principle for Evolution is a generalization of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ujjal Debnath
Summary: In this study, the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) Universe is considered as a thermodynamic system with the cosmological constant generating thermodynamic pressure. The study focuses on determining the amount of energy crossing the apparent horizon using a unified first law, and the heat flow through the apparent horizon is found to be equal to the amount of energy crossing. The study also derives equations for various thermodynamic quantities and discusses the cooling/heating nature of the FRW Universe, as well as the heat engine phenomena.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sangram Kumar Samal, Manoj Kumar Moharana
Summary: This study focuses on the numerical analysis of entropy generation in recharging and simple microchannels, revealing that increasing the number of small channels, channel aspect ratio, and substrate material thermal conductivity can reduce thermal entropy generation, while increasing substrate thickness, channel wall width, and applied heat flux can increase thermal entropy generation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ugur Cetiner, Jeremy Gunawardena
Summary: In this study, the properties of steady-state probabilities are investigated. It is found that steady-state probabilities are related to the entropy along minimal paths and can be expressed as averages over a probability distribution on spanning trees. By applying Arrhenius rates to the arboreal distribution, a thermodynamic interpretation for steady-state probabilities is provided. This approach extends equilibrium statistical mechanics and reorganizes the complexity of the expression.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gopal Yadav, Nitin Joshi
Summary: In this study, the researchers analyzed the information paradox and its resolution in Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole spacetime using the island proposal. They found that the black hole island is located inside the black hole event horizon, contrary to the universal result for eternal black holes, and the cosmological island is also located inside the cosmological event horizon. Moreover, they studied the effect of temperature on Page curves and observed that low-temperature black hole/de-Sitter patch exhibits Page curves at later times, while high-temperature black hole/de-Sitter patch shows the opposite behavior.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
A. Posadas, J. Morales, J. M. Ibanez, A. Posadas-Garzon
Summary: Earthquakes are non-linear phenomena treated as chaotic natural processes. The use of the Second Law of Thermodynamics and entropy suggests that the relationship between increasing entropy and occurrence of large earthquakes reflects irreversible transitions in a seismic system. Studies in the Canterbury area of New Zealand show theoretical forecasts align with actual results, supporting the idea that earthquakes result in an increase in entropy.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xin-Yang Wang, Jie Jiang
Summary: This study examines whether the Wald entropy of black holes in quadric corrected gravity adheres to the second law of thermodynamics. By analyzing a quasistationary accreting process and making certain assumptions, it is demonstrated that the Wald entropy of black holes in this gravity theory strictly follows the linearized second law.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joe D. Goddard
Summary: This paper revisits the second law of thermodynamics by modifying the axiomatic foundation provided by Caratheodory in 1909. It proposes a new interpretation of thermodynamic entropy and establishes work principles for defining thermodynamic equilibrium and stability based on the convexity properties of internal energy, entropy, and related thermodynamic potentials. The most novel aspect is the extension to irreversible processes through a non-equilibrium entropy derived from recoverable work.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David H. Wolpert
Summary: The second law of thermodynamics, which restricts the evolution of entropy, can be strengthened in multi-dimensional complex systems by introducing a set of constraints on the dynamics of each coordinate. This strengthened second law applies to physically separated and co-evolving subsystems, and does not require local detailed balance.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masato Minamitsuji
Summary: The analysis shows that the difference between comoving curvature perturbations in the original and new frames on superhorizon scales is determined by a combination of time derivatives, intrinsic entropy perturbations of the scalar field, and their time derivatives. Comoving curvature perturbations can remain invariant under disformal transformations on superhorizon scales under certain conditions, while tensor perturbations can also remain disformally invariant if conserved over time in the original frame.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. J. Zamora, C. Tsallis
Summary: We analyze the thermodynamical consistency of entropic-force cosmological models using a generalized entropy scaling. By determining the temperature of the universe horizon and comparing with supernovae data, we evaluate the performance of these models. Our analysis provides insights into the form of cosmological entropy and temperature and identifies thermodynamically consistent models.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kwok Sau Fa
Summary: Generalized second Einstein relation is derived from a class of Fokker-Planck equations with generic time-space-dependent coefficients. The relation is also obtained from an integro-differential approach.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Fahimi, K. Karami, S. Asadzadeh, K. Rezazadeh
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2018)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
S. Rasouli, K. Rezazadeh, A. Abdolmaleki, K. Karami
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2019)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Saeid Karimi, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mohammad Sadeghi, Karam Bahari, Kayoomars Karami
Summary: In this paper, kink and sausage oscillations in the presence of longitudinal background flow were studied, with a focus on resonance absorption under magnetic pore conditions. The dispersion relation was determined and solved numerically to find frequencies and damping rates of the slow surface modes. It was shown that resonance absorption in the presence of plasma flow can lead to strong damping for forward waves while reducing the efficiency of damping for backward waves.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zeinab Teimoori, Kazem Rezazadeh, Kayoomars Karami
Summary: This study investigates the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) as a possible candidate for dark matter, utilizing a gravitationally enhanced friction mechanism. By considering a nonminimal derivative coupling between the scalar field and gravity, three parameter sets were identified that resulted in ultra slow-roll inflation, leading to the formation of PBHs. The model also predicts the presence of secondary gravitational waves (GWs) at frequencies within the sensitivity region of certain GW detectors, allowing for observational compatibility assessment.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mohammad Sadeghi, Karam Bahari, Kayoomars Karami
Summary: Observations indicate the existence of twisted magnetic flux tubes and plasma flow in the solar atmosphere. The goal of this study is to determine the damping rate of sausage modes in the presence of magnetic twist and plasma flow. By numerically solving the dispersion relation for sausage modes in a non-uniform layer with magnetic pores under the condition of slow continuity, we find that the effect of twisted magnetic field on resonance absorption is greater for low speed plasma flow than for high speed.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Amiri, K. Karami, Z. Ebrahimi
Summary: This paper evaluates the effects of inclination and asymmetry of solar coronal loops on kink magnetohydrodynamic oscillations. It is found that the frequencies and damping rates of the oscillations are smaller in inclined and asymmetric loops compared to uninclined loops. The ratios of mode frequency to damping rate remain unchanged approximately regardless of inclination or asymmetry, and these ratios can reliably infer the physical parameters of coronal loops and medium.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. Rezazadeh, S. Asadzadeh, K. Fahimi, K. Karami, A. Mehrabi
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zanyar Ebrahimi, Roberto Soler, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mohammad Sadeghi, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zeinab Teimoori, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Roonak Amani, Kazem Rezazadeh, Asrin Abdolmaleki, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zanyar Ebrahimi, Kayoomars Karami, Roberto Soler
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Rezazadeh, K. Karami, S. Hashemi
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kazem Rezazadeh, Asrin Abdolmaleki, Kayoomars Karami
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2017)
