Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ralph G. Andrzejak, Anais Espinoso, Eduardo Garcia-Portugues, Arthur Pewsey, Jacopo Epifanio, Marc G. Leguia, Kaspar Schindler
Summary: The article introduces how to quantify the concentration of unimodal circular data around the mean direction using the mean resultant length, and proposes a re-normalized version as an improvement. The relevance and effectiveness of the proposed method are illustrated through examples.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Graham W. Johnson, Derek J. Doss, Victoria L. Morgan, Danika L. Paulo, Leon Y. Cai, Jared S. Shless, Aarushi S. Negi, Abhijeet Gummadavelli, Hakmook Kang, Shilpa B. Reddy, Robert P. Naftel, Sarah K. Bick, Shawniqua Williams Roberson, Benoit M. Dawant, Mark T. Wallace, Dario J. Englot
Summary: Why are people with epilepsy not continuously having seizures? Johnson et al. use intracranial electrical recordings to analyse brain network interactions in people with epilepsy, and provide evidence that the seizure-onset network is actively suppressed by the rest of the brain during interictal states.
Article
Clinical Neurology
John M. Bernabei, Nishant Sinha, T. Campbell Arnold, Erin Conrad, Ian Ong, Akash R. Pattnaik, Joel M. Stein, Russell T. Shinohara, Timothy H. Lucas, Dani S. Bassett, Kathryn A. Davis, Brian Litt
Summary: Bernabei et al. constructed an atlas of normative interictal intracranial EEG recordings and found that brain regions generating spikes and seizures have different patterns of activity and connectivity compared to the atlas. Comparing EEG recordings to the atlas can reliably identify abnormal regions and guide invasive treatment for epilepsy.
Article
Neurosciences
Marinho A. Lopes, Sanchita Bhatia, Glen Brimble, Jiaxiang Zhang, Khalid Hamandi
Summary: This study aimed to test whether hyperexcitability could be inferred from resting interictal EEG data without stimulation, in order to increase understanding of epilepsy and develop new treatment methods. The findings revealed that occipital hyperexcitability was significantly higher in the photoparoxysmal response group, indicating that information about epilepsy hyperexcitability can still be obtained from EEG data without stimulation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fernando Moncada Martins, Victor Manuel Gonzalez Suarez, Jose Ramon Villar Flecha, Beatriz Garcia Lopez
Summary: Photosensitivity is a neurological disorder where the brain produces epileptic discharges in response to certain visual stimuli. The standardized diagnosis process involves using Intermittent Photic Stimulation and an EEG to identify these discharges. Due to the limited occurrence of discharges in long EEG recordings, this study focused on using data augmentation to create synthetic segments and improve the performance of machine learning techniques for automatic detection. The results showed a significant improvement in accuracy and specificity without any loss in sensitivity.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Laxmi Shaw, Aurobinda Routray
Summary: This paper presents a novel three-fold framework for classifying EEG signals for binary classification problems. Features are extracted from brain coherence connectivity measures, checked for relevancy using mutual information algorithm, and then classified using support vector machine. The results indicate reasonable robustness and consistency in distinguishing between two groups in almost all participants.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. Lanzone, M. Boscarino, T. Tufo, G. Di Lorenzo, L. Ricci, G. Colicchio, V. Di Lazzaro, M. Tombini, G. Assenza
Summary: This study used qEEG analysis to investigate the impact of VNS cycles on brain network activity in patients with epilepsy. The study found no differences in spectral activity, but consistent changes in network organization, most notably in the slow EEG bands.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Stanislas Lagarde, Christian-G Benar, Fabrice Wendling, Fabrice Bartolomei
Summary: This article reviews the concept of the epileptogenic network, explains the basic notions of functional connectivity, and reports the current body of published data using intracranial EEG. The data show that there are differential changes in functional connectivity between epileptic and non-epileptic areas even at temporal distance from seizures. These findings may help locate epileptic areas and predict surgical outcomes.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min-Lan Tsai, Chuang-Chin Wang, Feng-Chin Lee, Syu-Jyun Peng, Hsi Chang, Sung-Hui Tseng
Summary: This study analyzed EEG functional connectivity in children with rolandic spikes and found a relationship between connectivity strength and clinical parameters. Children with rolandic spikes without seizures showed similar connectivity enhancements as BECTS patients with seizures, while decreased connectivity function was only present in BECTS patients with seizures. Age at seizure onset was significantly positively associated with connectivity strength.
Article
Neurosciences
Jorge Bosch-Bayard, Rolando J. Biscay, Thalia Fernandez, Gloria A. Otero, Josefina Ricardo-Garcell, Eduardo Aubert-Vazquez, Alan C. Evans, Thalia Harmony
Summary: This study describes the maturation of EEG effective connectivity in healthy infants during the first year of life. The results show that initially, the highest indices of connectivity are in the subcortical nuclei and then expand to other brain regions, consistent with the myelination process. As age increases, connectivity mainly increases in the right hemisphere and decreases in the left hemisphere. There is an increase in connectivity in the right hemisphere for frequencies between 20 to 30 Hz. Theta and alpha connections show the greatest changes with age, consistent with behavioral development in infants.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura Canafoglia, Ilaria Vigano, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Elisa Visani, Tiziana Granata, Aglaia Vignoli, Francesca Ragona, Sara Gasparini, Umberto Aguglia, Maria Paola Canevini, Giulia Varotto, Ferruccio Panzica, Silvana Franceschetti
Summary: The study compared EEG signals of drug-naive patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) and found different network dysfunctions, potentially leading to distinct presentations of the two syndromes. JME showed regional network changes in alpha and beta bands, while JAE exhibited reduced Global/Local Efficiency and Clustering Coefficient in the gamma band.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ioannis Vlachos, Dimitris Kugiumtzis, Dimitris G. Tsalikakis, Vasilios K. Kimiskidis
Summary: The study investigated the modulatory effects of TMS on brain connectivity in Genetic Generalized Epilepsy patients and identified potential diagnostic biomarkers. The analysis revealed significant TMS-induced modulation of connectivity at specific frequency bands and time points, indicating different effects of TMS on healthy and epileptic brain connectivity.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Radek Janca, Alena Jahodova, Jaroslav Hlinka, Petr Jezdik, Lenka Svobodova, Martin Kudr, Adam Kalina, Petr Marusic, Pavel Krsek, Premysl Jiruska
Summary: This study identified critical components of the epileptic network involved in seizure genesis in patients with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Analysis of intracranial EEG recordings revealed a seizure-related network reconfiguration in the gamma-band, with resection of ictogenic nodes correlating with favorable outcomes. The accurate identification and distinction of ictogenic areas using gamma-band markers can improve intracranial EEG interpretation in FCD-related epilepsy.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Giorgio Leodori, Alessandra Morano, Carlo Di Bonaventura
Summary: This article summarizes the EEG findings associated with treatment resistance in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). It reviews studies considering standard EEGs, 24-hour EEG recordings, and resting-state protocols. The importance of capturing the sleep state and the potential prognostic relevance of generalized fast discharges during sleep are discussed. Advanced EEG analysis has identified new and promising biomarkers, including hypothesis-driven functional connectivity measures and data-driven quantitative findings revealed by machine learning approaches. Methodological limitations in existing studies are thoroughly discussed, and future directions for identifying reliable and replicable EEG biomarkers in IGE patients are outlined.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Berjo Rijnders, Emin Erkan Korkmaz, Funda Yildirim
Summary: This study investigates the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm on epilepsy diagnosis. The approach achieves a high diagnostic accuracy by using deep learning to learn connectivity patterns directly from easily acquired EEG data. This method could prove valuable as a clinical decision support system for epilepsy diagnosis.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Anna Nigri, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Davide Sattin, Elisa Visani, Cristina Rosazza, Ludovico D'Incerti, Maria Grazia Bruzzone, Silvana Franceschetti, Matilde Leonardi, Stefania Ferraro, Martin M. Monti
Summary: This study explores the association between long-term impairment of consciousness, spontaneous brain oscillations, and underlying subcortical damage in patients with a disorder of consciousness. The findings suggest that electroencephalographic measures can provide valuable information for diagnosing and understanding the underlying brain pathology of this patient cohort.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Carolina Courage, Karen L. Oliver, Eon Joo Park, Jillian M. Cameron, Kariona A. Grabinska, Mikko Muona, Laura Canafoglia, Antonio Gambardella, Edith Said, Zaid Afawi, Betul Baykan, Christian Brandt, Carlo di Bonaventura, Hui Bein Chew, Chiara Criscuolo, Leanne M. Dibbens, Barbara Castellotti, Patrizia Riguzzi, Angelo Labate, Alessandro Filla, Anna T. Giallonardo, Geza Berecki, Christopher B. Jackson, Tarja Joensuu, John A. Damiano, Sara Kivity, Amos Korczyn, Aarno Palotie, Pasquale Striano, Davide Uccellini, Loretta Giuliano, Eva Andermann, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Roberto Michelucci, Melanie Bahlo, Silvana Franceschetti, William C. Sessa, Samuel F. Berkovic, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki
Summary: Progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous rare diseases, with over 70% of cases now molecularly solved. By performing whole-exome sequencing on unsolved PME-affected individuals, novel disease-causing variants were identified, particularly in cases studied with additional family members. A variety of new genes related to lysosomal and endosomal function were discovered, shedding light on the genetic complexity of PME.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antonella Riva, Alessandro Orsini, Marcello Scala, Vittoria Taramasso, Laura Canafoglia, Giuseppe d'Orsi, Maria Teresa Di Claudio, Carlo Avolio, Alfredo D'Aniello, Maurizio Elia, Silvana Franceschetti, Giancarlo Di Gennaro, Francesca Bisulli, Paolo Tinuper, Maria Tappata, Antonino Romeo, Elena Freri, Carla Marini, Cinzia Costa, Vito Sofia, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Adriana Magaudda, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Elena Gennaro, Angela Pistorio, Carlo Minetti, Amedeo Bianchi, Salvatore Striano, Roberto Michelucci, Federico Zara, Berge Arakel Minassian, Pasquale Striano
Summary: Lafora disease is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive myoclonus, refractory epilepsy, and cognitive deterioration. Long-term follow-up of 26 Italian patients revealed a worse prognosis in patients with EPM2A mutations, while those with EPM2B mutations showed delayed onset of symptoms, suggesting a possible influence on disease severity.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Pareyson, Chiara Pantaleoni, Roberto Eleopra, Giuseppe De Filippis, Isabella Moroni, Elena Freri, Federica Zibordi, Sara Bulgheroni, Emanuela Pagliano, Daniela Sarti, Antonio Silvani, Licia Grazzi, Pietro Tiraboschi, Giuseppe Didato, Elena Anghileri, Anna Bersano, Laura Valentini, Sylvie Piacentini, Cristina Muscio, Matilde Leonardi, Caterina Mariotti, Marica Eoli, Sara Nuzzo, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Paolo Confalonieri, Francesca De Giorgi
Summary: Lombardy in Italy experienced a rapid reorganization of its healthcare system due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to the implementation and success of neuro-telemedicine services and teleneurorehabilitation. The recognition and pricing of telehealth services in Italy have become a stable pillar of the health system as a result of the pandemic.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Elena Freri, Barbara Castellotti, Laura Canafoglia, Francesca Ragona, Roberta Solazzi, Chiara Vannicola, Stefania Magri, Giuliana Messina, Stefano D'Arrigo, Cinzia Gellera, Jacopo C. DiFrancesco, Tiziana Granata
SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Davide Sattin, Dunja Duran, Sergio Visintini, Elena Schiaffi, Ferruccio Panzica, Carla Carozzi, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Elisa Visani, Eleonora Tobaldini, Angelica Carandina, Valeria Citterio, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Martina Cacciatore, Eleonora Orena, Nicola Montano, Dario Caldiroli, Silvana Franceschetti, Mario Picozzi, Leonardi Matilde
Summary: The analysis of CNS and ANS activities during general anesthesia with propofol administration revealed changes in EEG signals, leading to a rebalance between long and short-range cortical connections, and direct effects on the cardiac system.
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Nigri, Lidia Sarro, Alessia Mongelli, Anna Castaldo, Luca Porcu, Chiara Pinardi, Marina Grisoli, Stefania Ferraro, Laura Canafoglia, Elisa Visani, Maria Grazia Bruzzone, Lorenzo Nanetti, Franco Taroni, Caterina Mariotti
Summary: SCA1 is an autosomal dominant disease that can manifest in adulthood. Clinical scores and MRI measures can be valuable for monitoring and quantifying the earliest changes associated with preclinical and symptomatic phases of SCA1 disease. Both SCA1 patients and preSCA1 subjects showed signs of disease progression, with volume loss and increased clinical scores.
Article
Neurosciences
Elisa Visani, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Dunja Duran, Gioacchino Garofalo, Fabio Magliocco, Francesco Silipo, Giovanni Buccino
Summary: Current literature suggests that the neural structures responsible for object recognition and semantic processing are different. However, embodiment theory proposes that processing observed objects and their verbal labels should share similar neural mechanisms. In this combined behavioral and MEG study, the modulation of motor responses and cortical rhythms during processing of graspable natural objects and tools was examined. The results show that conveying meaning to an observed object or processing its noun similarly affects both motor responses and cortical rhythms. This experimental evidence supports an embodied view of semantic processing.
Article
Neurosciences
Elisa Visani, Gianvittorio Luria, Davide Sattin, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Stefania Ferraro, Ferruccio Panzica, Matilde Leonardi, Silvana Franceschetti
Summary: Different entropy measures, including Lempel-Ziv complexity, amplitude coalition entropy (ACE), and synchrony coalition entropy (SCE), were applied to classify patients with chronic disorders of consciousness. ACE method highlighted the most significant differences, and theta-alpha entropy values correlated positively with CRS-R scores. The preservation of signal entropy in the dominant hemisphere's anterior region might correlate with better preservation of consciousness, even in chronic conditions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Cacciatore, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Camilla Ippoliti, Filippo Barbadoro, Paola Anversa, Lara Portincaso, Elisa Visani, Jorge Navarro, Guya Devalle, Maurizio Lanfranchi, Valeria Pingue, Sara Marelli, Luigi Ferini Strambi, Francesca Lunardini, Simona Ferrante, Marco Tremolati, Matilde Leonardi, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Davide Sattin
Summary: In this study, 22 prolonged or chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) patients were evaluated using long-lasting polygraphic recordings. The presence of non-functional jaw muscle activity (NFJMA) was observed in 5 patients, with electromyographic patterns similar to bruxism, suggesting a disinhibition of masticatory motor nuclei from the cortical control. Additionally, 2 patients showed electromyographic patterns indicating the presence of myorhythmia, suggesting brainstem/diencephalic involvement. Functional, non-invasive tools like long-lasting polygraphic recordings are important in revealing potentially severe disorders impacting the quality of life of DOC patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Silvana Franceschetti, Elisa Visani, Ferruccio Panzica, Antonietta Coppola, Pasquale Striano, Laura Canafoglia
Summary: This study aimed to identify suitable measures to explain the different severity of Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy (FAME) compared to Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy (PMEs) and detect the signature of the distinctive brain networks. The results showed that FAME2 patients had better localized CMC and increased betweenness-centrality (BC) compared to EPM1 patients, which played a role in improving and spreading myoclonus. Additionally, the brain network impairments were more severe in FAME2 patients.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tobias Baumgartner, Mar Carreno, Rodrigo Rocamora, Francesca Bisulli, Antonella Boni, Milan Brazdil, Ondrej Horak, Dana Craiu, Cristina Pereira, Renzo Guerrini, Victoria San Antonio-Arce, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Sameer M. Zuberi, Tove Hallbook, Reetta Kalviainen, Lieven Lagae, Sylvie Nguyen, Sofia Quintas, Ana Franco, J. Helen Cross, Matthew Walker, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Sylvain Rheims, Tiziana Granata, Laura Canafoglia, Cecilie Johannessen Landmark, Arjune Sen, Rohini Rattihalli, Rima Nabbout, Elena Tartara, Manuela Santos, Rui Rangel, Pavel Krsek, Petr Marusic, Nicola Specchio, Kees P. J. Braun, Patricia Smeyers, Vicente Villanueva, Katarzyna Kotulska, Rainer Surges
Summary: The survey provides an overview of the current clinical practice for selected rare epilepsies in tertiary European epilepsy centers, showing both consistency and heterogeneity in treatment approaches, highlighting the need for controlled trials and recommendations. Additionally, estimates for potential participants of clinical trials recruited via EpiCARE underscore the potential of Reference Networks for future studies evaluating new targeted therapies and identifying novel biomarkers.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Caroline Neuray, Tipu Sultan, Javeira Raza Alvi, Marcondes C. Franca, Birgit Assmann, Matias Wagner, Laura Canafoglia, Silvana Franceschetti, Giacomina Rossi, Isabel Santana, Maria C. Macario, Maria R. Almeida, Mahesh Kamate, Sumit Parikh, Houda Zghal Elloumi, David Murphy, Stephanie Efthymiou, Reza Maroofian, Henry Houlden