Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Holzapfel, F. Taraveau, Z. Djelouadji
Summary: The study suggests that cats, especially stray cats, may play a role in the maintenance community of L. interrogans in Reunion Island through renal carriage and urinary shedding.Detection of leptospiral DNA in blood, urine, and renal tissue of stray cats highlights their potential as hosts for Leptospira spp. in the region.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Camila Hamond, Karen LeCount, Ellie J. Putz, Darrell O. Bayles, Patrick Camp, Marga G. A. Goris, Hans van der Linden, Nathan E. Stone, Linda K. Schlater, Jason W. Sahl, David M. Wagner, Jarlath E. Nally
Summary: This study reports the isolation of L. borgpetersenii serovar Tarassovi from the urine of a dairy cow in the U.S. for the first time. The isolate was characterized using whole-genome sequencing, serotyping, MALDI, and immunoblotting. This finding highlights the importance of culture, genotyping, and serotyping for accurate classification of leptospires and the design of effective vaccine and diagnostic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deise Galan, Amira A. Roess, Simone Valeria Costa Pereira, Maria Cristina Schneider
Summary: Leptospirosis is a significant public health issue in both urban and rural areas of Brazil, with differences in case distribution and exposure factors between the two areas. The study results can be used to develop prevention and control strategies targeting priority areas and risk groups.
Article
Microbiology
Luiza Aymee, Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo, Juliana de Souza Pedrosa, Juliana dos Santos Loria de Melo, Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa, Walter Lilenbaum
Summary: This study aimed to reinforce the importance of L. santarosai strain Guaricura as a BGL agent through genetic characterization. The isolation of this strain from the uterus of a live subfertile cow provides substantial evidence of its role as an important BGL agent.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Israel Barbosa Guedes, Gisele Oliveira de Souza, Juliana Fernandes de Paula Castro, Matheus Burilli Cavalini, Antonio Francisco de Souza Filho, Marcos Bryan Heinemann
Summary: The MAT is a robust and inexpensive method used for the serological diagnosis of leptospirosis, but its performance and interpretation vary geographically, making standardization difficult. This study evaluated the usefulness of the ranking technique for predicting the probable infecting serogroup identified by the MAT, and found that the technique successfully eliminated cross reactions with other serogroups.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Camila Hamond, Katherine L. L. Dirsmith, Karen LeCount, Fred V. V. Soltero, Sarai Rivera-Garcia, Patrick Camp, Tammy Anderson, Jessica A. A. Hicks, Renee Galloway, Graham Sutherland, Ilana J. J. Schafer, Marga G. A. Goris, Hans van der Linden, Tod Stuber, Darrell O. O. Bayles, Linda K. K. Schlater, Jarlath E. E. Nally
Summary: This study isolated two different pathogenic Leptospira species from urine samples collected from dairy cows in Puerto Rico, demonstrating that dairy herds can be concurrently infected with more than one species and serovar of Leptospira. Vaccines and serologic diagnostics should account for this when applying intervention and diagnostic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ivana Piredda, Loris Bertoldi, Aureliana Pedditzi, Pierangela Pintore, Bruna Palmas, Valentina Chisu
Summary: Leptospirosis, a neglected zoonotic disease, can be easily acquired by humans through exposure to water, soil, or mud contaminated with urine from infected animals. An outbreak caused by a pathogenic Leptospira interrogans was identified on a farm in North Sardinia, Italy, highlighting the need for active surveillance in humans and animals. In addition, a saprophytic Leptospira montravelensis was isolated from urine samples collected from a pig and a donkey, suggesting the possibility of co-infection with multiple strains in the same reservoir host.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shreelaxmi Shenoy, Asha K. Rajan, Muhammed Rashid, Viji Pulikkel Chandran, Pooja Gopal Poojari, Vijayanarayana Kunhikatta, Dinesh Acharya, Sreedharan Nair, Muralidhar Varma, Girish Thunga
Summary: This study is the first to explore both statistical and machine learning approaches simultaneously for differentiating tropical infections. The use of machine learning techniques can aid in early detection and better patient care.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hong-Leong Cheah, Siti Aminah Ahmed, Thean-Hock Tang
Summary: This study establishes the transcription start site (TSS) landscape and small RNA (sRNA) profile of L. biflexa serovar Patoc through differential RNA-seq analysis, revealing 2726 TSSs and 603 sRNAs. These findings enhance our understanding of the regulatory networks in L. biflexa.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
James Gong, Christine Griebsch, Nicolle Kirkwood, Jacqueline M. Norris, Michael P. Ward
Summary: This retrospective study of a canine leptospirosis outbreak in Sydney in 2017 found that the presence of clusters of the disease were likely due to environmental factors rather than host or pathogen factors.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shih Keng Loong, Mohamad Azlan Abd-Majid, Boon Teong Teoh, Mi Jing Cheh, Chee Sieng Khor, Chien Chung Chao, Jing Jing Khoo, Sazaly AbuBakar
Summary: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of leptospirosis cases in Malaysia. A study found that 4.7% of febrile patients with dengue-like illness had leptospirosis, and 18% had positive anti-Leptospira IgM antibodies. Furthermore, one patient was found to be co-infected with leptospirosis and chikungunya virus.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Cristina Barbosa, Anderson dos Santos Oliveira, Julia Santos Mendes, Paula Ristow, Walter Lilenbaum
Summary: The aim of this study was to establish an experimental protocol for chronic non-lethal genital infection of female hamsters by L. santarosai serovar Guaricura. The protocol demonstrated that a concentration of 1.0 x 10(4) leptospires/mL of the strain determined chronic genital leptospirosis in the hamster model. The standardization of this protocol can be extremely useful for understanding the physiopathology of the infection and the distribution of leptospires in the uterus.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Elisa Mazzotta, Letizia Ceglie, Isabella Giurisato, Laura Bellinati, Laura Lucchese, Silvia Marchione, Alda Natale
Summary: The study assessed the persistence and viability of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo (LH) in refrigerated raw milk and found that bovine raw milk might be a potential vehicle of infection by LH, even when storage conditions are strictly respected.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Karen LeCount, Kami Fox, Tammy Anderson, Darrell O. Bayles, Tod Stuber, Jessica Hicks, Linda K. Schlater, Jarlath E. Nally
Summary: A 1-year-old female red panda exhibited symptoms of illness after being transferred to a new zoo, including lethargy, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, and vomiting. Leptospirosis was confirmed through tests, with a titer of 1:25,600 to serogroup Grippotyphosa. Treatment with doxycycline was initiated, followed by urine testing and a repeat serum sample showing a lower titer. Leptospira kirschneri serogroup Grippotyphosa serovar Grippotyphosa strain RedPanda1 was isolated and fully characterized.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cynthia Sohm, Janina Steiner, Julia Joebstl, Thomas Wittek, Clair Firth, Romana Steinparzer, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Summary: This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Europe. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis in European cattle varied significantly among studies, reflecting local variations and differences in study design, laboratory methods, and sample sizes. The study identified research gaps including a lack of harmonization in diagnostic methods, limited large-scale studies, and insufficient molecular investigations.
Review
Parasitology
Diana S. Gliga, Benoit Pisanu, Chris Walzer, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sarita Mahtani-Williams, William Fulton, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Sara Lado, Jean Pierre Elbers, Balint Halpern, David Herczeg, Gergely Babocsay, Boris Laus, Zoltan Tamas Nagy, Daniel Jablonski, Oleg Kukushkin, Pablo Orozco-terWengel, Judit Voros, Pamela Anna Burger
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Elma Dervic, Nils Haug, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler, Jiaying Chen, Anna Di Natale, Jana Lasser, Diana S. Gliga, Alexandra Roux, Johannes Sorger, Abhijit Chakraborty, Alexandr Ten, Alija Dervic, Andrea Pacheco, Ania Jurczak, David Cserjan, Diana Lederhilger, Dominika Bulska, Dorontine Berishaj, Erwin Flores Tames, Francisco S. alvarez, Huda Takriti, Jan Korbel, Jenny Reddish, Joanna Grzymala-Moszczynska, Johannes Stangl, Lamija Hadziavdic, Laura Stoeger, Leana Gooriah, Lukas Geyrhofer, Marcia R. Ferreira, Marta Bartoszek, Rainer Vierlinger, Samantha Holder, Simon Haberfellner, Verena Ahne, Viktoria Reisch, Vito D. P. Servedio, Xiao Chen, Xochilt Maria Pocasangre-Orellana, Zuzanna Garncarek, David Garcia, Stefan Thurner
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rami Abi Khalil, Brigitte Barbier, Ambre Fafournoux, Ali Barka Mahamat, Aurelie Marquez, Kevin Poissenot, Matthieu Keller, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Javier Fernandez-De-Simon, Michael Coeurdassier, Etienne Benoit, Sebastien Lefebvre, Adrien Pinot, Virginie Lattard
Summary: The study found that there is no genetic basis for anticoagulant rodenticides resistance in fossorial water voles, but rather a diet-based resistance mechanism. Only two coding mutations were detected in the Vkorc1 gene in a small percentage of the voles, which did not alter their sensitivity to anticoagulant rodenticides. Instead, the seasonal variation in vitamin K1 concentration in the voles' liver was found to be responsible for their increased resistance.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Silvia Cervero-Arago, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Gerhard Lindner, Regina Sommer, Iveta Hafeli, Julia Walochnik
Summary: The study found that Cryptosporidium and Giardia are prevalent in urban surface water and brown rats in Vienna, Austria, along with other parasites. Rats may potentially serve as a source for zoonotic pathogenic Giardia transmission.
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
C. Weissenbacher-Lang, B. Blasi, P. Bauer, D. Binanti, L. Ergin, K. Fragner, C. Hogler, T. Hogler, M. Klier, J. Matt, N. Nedorost, S. Silvestri, D. Stixenberger, L. Ma, O. Cisse, J. Kovacs, A. Desvars-Larrive, A. Posautz, H. Weissenboeck
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jeremy V. Camp, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Norbert Nowotny, Chris Walzer
Summary: Urban rats have been found to be potential hosts for zoonotic viruses, and monitoring their presence could provide valuable insights into the activity of these viruses in urban environments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Afra Nerpel, Liuhuaying Yang, Johannes Sorger, Annemarie Kasbohrer, Chris Walzer, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Summary: The study establishes a global dataset of SARS-CoV-2 events in animals, providing valuable insights for research on zoonotic diseases and facilitating analysis and adaptation of monitoring strategies.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Annemarie Kaesbohrer
Summary: Stringent COVID-19 public health and social measures have impacted the surveillance and control of African swine fever in Europe. However, necessary activities have been maintained in most countries. Improving communication, maintaining efficient veterinary services and surveillance activities, and developing remote procedures are identified as areas of improvement.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cindy Cheng, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Bernhard Ebbinghaus, Thomas Hale, Alexandra Howes, Lukas Lehner, Luca Messerschmidt, Angeliki Nika, Steve Penson, Anna Petherick, Hanmeng Xu, Alexander John Zapf, Yuxi Zhang, Sophia Alison Zweig
Summary: The emerging field of PHSM data science plays a crucial role in responding to COVID-19. The main focus of this research area is to collect, structure, and disseminate data on public health and social measures, while also facing some challenges.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gavrila A. Puspitarani, Reinhard Fuchs, Klemens Fuchs, Andrea Ladinig, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Summary: This study used social network analysis to explore pig trades in Austria and found that the pig production in Austria is dominated by small-sized farms with heterogeneous spatial farm density. The pig trade network exhibited a scale-free topology but was sparse, with two regions potentially showing higher structural vulnerability. Dynamic community detection revealed stable behavior of the clusters, suggesting that trade communities could be an alternative zoning approach for managing infectious diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Barbara Blasi, Patricia Bauer, Diana Binanti, Karin Bittermann, Lara Ergin, Carmen Hoegler, Tanja Hoegler, Magdalena Klier, Julia Matt, Nora Nedorost, Serenella Silvestri, Daniela Stixenberger, Liang Ma, Ousmane H. Cisse, Joseph A. Kovacs, Amelie Desvars-Larrive, Annika Posautz, Herbert Weissenboeck
Summary: A study conducted on lung tissue samples from 845 animals of 31 different families of eight mammal orders revealed that 36 mammal species tested positive for Pneumocystis, with a total of 26% of samples testing positive for the presence of the fungus. The study also discovered 17 mammal species that were previously unknown hosts for Pneumocystis. The findings suggest that colonization or subclinical infection of Pneumocystis in mammal lungs may be significant.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cynthia Sohm, Janina Steiner, Julia Joebstl, Thomas Wittek, Clair Firth, Romana Steinparzer, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Summary: This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Europe. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis in European cattle varied significantly among studies, reflecting local variations and differences in study design, laboratory methods, and sample sizes. The study identified research gaps including a lack of harmonization in diagnostic methods, limited large-scale studies, and insufficient molecular investigations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gavrila A. Puspitarani, Reinhard Fuchs, Klemens Fuchs, Andrea Ladinig, Amelie Desvars-Larrive
Summary: This study applied social network analysis to examine pig trades in Austria. The findings showed that the pig production in Austria was dominated by small-sized farms with heterogeneous farm density. The network exhibited a scale-free topology that was sparse, indicating a moderate impact of infectious disease outbreaks. However, two regions, Upper Austria and Styria, may be more structurally vulnerable. Trade communities did not align with sub-national administrative divisions and could serve as an alternative zoning approach for disease management.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
