Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shaojian Huang, Yanxu Zhang
Summary: The study reveals a latitudinal pattern in Hg(0) evasion flux with varying degrees in different regions, and a seesaw pattern of evasion anomaly in the equatorial Pacific between El Nino and La Nina years. The simulation shows higher atmospheric Hg levels associated with Hg(0) evasion fluxes with a three-month lag, indicating the potential impact of oceanic Hg(0) evasion on atmospheric Hg levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fange Yue, Zhouqing Xie, Yanxu Zhang, Jinpei Yan, Shuhui Zhao
Summary: The role of the tropical western Pacific in shaping the latitudinal distribution of atmospheric mercury is significant. Factors such as the doldrums, Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and wet deposition contribute to the accumulation of elemental mercury (GEM) and dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in this area.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Zhou, Silas W. Bollen, Eric M. Roy, David Y. Hollinger, Ting Wang, John T. Lee, Daniel Obrist
Summary: Sources of neurotoxic mercury in forests are dominated by atmospheric gaseous elemental mercury deposition. Our measurements show that GEM deposition includes various pathways and is highly ecosystem-specific, complicating global constraints of terrestrial GEM sinks.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Viktor V. Kalinchuk, Evgeny A. Lopatnikov, Anatoliy S. Astakhov, Maxim Ivanov, Limin Hu
Summary: The Eastern Arctic Seas and north-western Pacific are poorly investigated in terms of mercury cycling in marine systems. Atmospheric Hg(0) concentrations varied in different regions, and sea-air Hg(0) evasion fluxes were found to be significantly influenced by river runoff and environmental factors.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Viktor V. Kalinchuk
Summary: Continuous measurements of atmospheric mercury concentration and sea-air GEM evasion fluxes were conducted in the marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific, revealing the influence of latitude gradient and seasonal variations on GEM concentration and evasion fluxes. The potential source areas were identified.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ashu Dastoor, Helene Angot, Johannes Bieser, Jesper H. Christensen, Thomas A. Douglas, Lars-Eric Heimburger-Boavida, Martin Jiskra, Robert P. Mason, David S. McLagan, Daniel Obrist, Peter M. Outridge, Mariia Petrova, Andrei Ryjkov, Kyra A. St Pierre, Amina T. Schartup, Anne L. Soerensen, Kenjiro Toyota, Oleg Travnikov, Simon J. Wilson, Christian Zdanowicz
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the present-day total mercury mass balance in the Arctic. The majority of mercury is transported to the Arctic via air and ocean transport, and the deposition mainly occurs in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in soils. Rivers and coastal erosion transfer a significant amount of terrestrial mercury to the Arctic Ocean, in approximate balance with net terrestrial mercury deposition. The revised Arctic Ocean mercury mass balance suggests that the deposition to the ocean and mercury burial in inner-shelf sediments are underestimated, calling for the need for seasonal observations.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. Omira, R. S. Ramalho, J. Kim, P. J. Gonzalez, U. Kadri, J. M. Miranda, F. Carrilho, M. A. Baptista
Summary: Volcanoes can generate tsunamis through various mechanisms, with violent volcanic explosions having the potential to cause global tsunamis. The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano and the resulting tsunami provide a unique opportunity to study the role of air-water coupling processes in tsunami generation and propagation. The study reveals that the tsunami was driven by a constantly moving source, with acoustic-gravity waves exciting the ocean and transferring energy through resonance. The coupling mechanism leads to higher waves along land masses that abruptly rise from deep ocean waters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chris S. Eckley, Collin Eagles-Smith, Michael T. Tate, David P. Krabbenhoft
Summary: The study found that Hg fluxes in forested ecosystems are primarily depositional, while in harvested areas they are mainly emission-driven. Differences in solar radiation were the primary driver of this shift. Surface-air Hg fluxes were larger than fluxes to water, accounting for a significant portion of the differences in Hg sequestration between forested and harvested catchments.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Rachel H. R. Stanley, Lumi Kinjo, Andrew W. Smith, Danielle Aldrett, Helene Alt, Emily Kopp, Callan Krevanko, Kevin Cahill, Brian K. Haus
Summary: Gas exchange at high wind speeds is not well understood, and there is disagreement between gas exchange models. This study measured noble gases in experiments with wind speeds ranging from 20 to 50 m/s. The results showed that gas fluxes and steady state saturation anomalies increased with wind speeds, but then leveled off. Bubble volumes were strongly correlated with less soluble noble gases, while wind speed and wave Reynolds number were correlated with more soluble noble gases. Significant wave height was identified as the most important predictor for gas saturation anomalies in the JONSWAP experiments.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Sydney Sroka, Kerry Emanuel
Summary: Accurate estimates of air-sea enthalpy and momentum fluxes are crucial for predicting hurricane intensity. A study finds that at extreme wind speeds, the net sea spray-mediated enthalpy and momentum fluxes can be well-approximated by using the net sea spray mass flux alone, implying a substantial simplification of air-sea flux calculations.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingxi Yang, Thomas G. Bell, Jean-Raymond Bidlot, Byron W. Blomquist, Brian J. Butterworth, Yuanxu Dong, Christopher W. Fairall, Sebastian Landwehr, Christa A. Marandino, Scott D. Miller, Eric S. Saltzman, Alexander Zavarsky
Summary: This study reevaluated the K-660 of CO2 and found a linear relationship with friction velocity in different wind conditions. Uncertainties of K-660 vary under different wind speeds and are influenced by sea state. Combining the grand average of K-660 with global wind speed distribution provides a global average transfer velocity.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. Allen, D. Allen, F. Baladima, V. R. Phoenix, J. L. Thomas, G. Le Roux, J. E. Sonke
Summary: The study reveals the presence of atmospheric microplastic pollution at the Pic du Midi Observatory, indicating free long range transport in the troposphere. The results show evidence of true free tropospheric transport of microplastic particles <50 μm over 4 summer months at an altitude of 2877 meters. Analysis of air/particle history modelling suggests potential global aerosol microplastic transport through intercontinental and trans-oceanic pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tatsuya Kubota, Tatsuhiko Saito, Kiwamu Nishida
Summary: On January 15, 2022, the eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha`apai volcano caused tsunamis, with the generation of the tsunami forerunner related to fast-moving atmospheric Lamb waves and subsequent tsunamis related to bathymetric variations in the Pacific Ocean. The tsunamis caused by this volcanic eruption are more complex and longer-lasting than ordinary earthquake-induced tsunamis.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kelvin H. Bates, Daniel J. Jacob, Siyuan Wang, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Eric C. Apel, Michelle J. Kim, Dylan B. Millet, Kelley C. Wells, Xin Chen, Jared F. Brewer, Eric A. Ray, Roisin Commane, Glenn S. Diskin, Steven C. Wofsy
Summary: Methanol is the second-most abundant organic gas in the remote atmosphere after methane, with sources mainly dominated by terrestrial biogenic emissions and secondary production from CH3O2 + OH and CH3O2 + CH3O2. The atmospheric lifetime of methanol is short, only 5.3 days, and its photochemistry contributes significantly to the tropospheric burdens of formaldehyde, CO, and ozone, particularly in the tropical upper troposphere. The CH3O2 + OH reaction plays a substantial role in radical budgets throughout the troposphere and should be considered in global atmospheric chemistry models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eugene Ansah, Jesper Leth Bak, Peter Sorensen, Godfred Darko
Summary: Mercury usage in Artisanal Small Scale Gold Mining is a significant contributor to mercury contamination in the environment. This study establishes the pools and fluxes of mercury in Ghana, a country with a large small scale gold mining sector, by estimating mercury losses, deposition using a global long-range transport model, and measuring mercury levels in soils and water. The study also develops a model to assess regional increases in soil and water concentrations due to human activities and simulates future scenarios. The model shows that anthropogenic sources contribute to a 22% increase in soil concentrations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria C. Dieguez, Mariantonia Bencardino, Patricia E. Garcia, Francesco D'Amore, Jessica Castagna, Francesco De'Simone, Carolina Soto Cardenas, Sergio Ribeiro Guevara, Nicola Pirrone, Francesca Sprovieri
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dan Fourie, Ian M. Hedgecock, Francesco De Simone, Elsie M. Sunderland, Nicola Pirrone
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco Carbone, Daniele Telloni, Antonio G. Bruno, Ian M. Hedgecock, Francesco De Simone, Francesca Sprovieri, Luca Sorriso-Valvo, Nicola Pirrone
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco De Simone, Francesco D'Amore, Francesco Marasco, Francesco Carbone, Mariantonia Bencardino, Ian M. Hedgecock, Sergio Cinnirella, Francesca Sprovieri, Nicola Pirrone
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco De Simone, Francesco D'Amore, Ian M. Hedgecock, Delia Evelina Bruno, Sergio Cinnirella, Francesca Sprovieri, Nicola Pirrone
Summary: The paper presents an optimization framework that utilizes a emulator for Global Chemical Transport Mercury Models to calculate the impact on mercury deposition resulting from changes in anthropogenic mercury emissions in real-time. The framework extends the capabilities of the emulator to allow users to define deposition reduction targets and calculates the optimal set of emissions reductions to achieve those targets.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Daniel Cossa, Joel Knoery, Daniela Banaru, Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, Jeroen E. Sonke, Ian M. Hedgecock, Andrea G. Bravo, Ginevra Rosati, Donata Canu, Milena Horvat, Francesca Sprovieri, Nicola Pirrone, Lars-Eric Heimburger-Boavida
Summary: Mercury contamination in the Mediterranean, especially in its methylated form, is higher than in other regions of Europe. Methylmercury accounts for a large proportion of the total mercury, and plays a significant role in the supply of mercury to the adjacent North Atlantic Ocean. The concentrations of methylmercury vary in different areas of the Mediterranean, with higher levels associated with low oxygen water masses. This variation is transferred through the food chain and affects the mercury content in top-predatory fish. Monitoring and mitigation strategies are necessary to protect Mediterranean populations from mercury exposure, while still allowing seafood consumption. There are still gaps in our understanding of mercury cycling in the Mediterranean, which requires further research.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Christian Natale Gencarelli, Debora Voltolina, Mohammed Hammouti, Marco Zazzeri, Simone Sterlacchini
Summary: The collaborative open-source IT infrastructure optimizes geological field data collection, integration, validation, and sharing, ensuring operational continuity and leveraging both online and offline field data collection tools for system resilience.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Delia Evelina Bruno, Francesco De Simone, Sergio Cinnirella, Ian Michael Hedgecock, Francesco D'Amore, Nicola Pirrone
Summary: Atmospheric mercury emission scenarios from artisanal and small-scale gold mining in 56 tropical and subtropical countries have been analyzed using a multi-step quantitative method. The method employed retrieved data on gold production, mercury usage, and ancillary parameters to estimate mercury emissions. The study reduced the overall uncertainty and provided more meaningful evaluation of different emission scenarios.
Proceedings Paper
Instruments & Instrumentation
Delia Evelina Bruno, Francesco D'Amore, Francesco De Simone, Mariantonia Bencardino, Aime Lay-Ekuakille, Sergio Cinnirella, Francesca Sprovieri, Nicola Pirrone
Summary: This study focuses on high concentrations of mercury in Mytilus galloprovincialis samples across the Mediterranean Sea, particularly in hot-spot areas such as Portoscuso and Livorno harbour in the Tyrrhenian Sea, as well as Trieste Gulf and Ka.stela Bay in the Adriatic Sea. The findings on mercury trends in M. galloprovincialis in these areas could be useful for evaluating the effectiveness of international regulatory actions aimed at reducing mercury exposure in humans and wildlife.
2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON METROLOGY FOR THE SEA (METROSEA 2021)
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco De Simone, Francesco D'Amore, Mariantonia Bencardino, Francesco Carbone, Ian M. Hedgecock, Francesca Sprovieri, Sergio Cinnirella, Nicola Pirrone
Summary: The Minamata Convention on Mercury aims to reduce mercury emissions, but there are still gaps in knowledge and tools for communication between decision-makers and research groups. The GOS(4)M Knowledge Hub provides an interactive platform for accessing state-of-the-art modelling tools and data.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2021)
