Article
Environmental Sciences
Liji M. David, Mary Barth, Lena Hoeglund-Isaksson, Pallav Purohit, Guus J. M. Velders, Sam Glaser, A. R. Ravishankara
Summary: The investigation focused on trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) formation from emissions of HFO-1234yf, its deposition and rainwater concentration in India, China, and the Middle East. Results showed that a significant proportion of TFA was deposited outside the emission regions, and the calculated TFA rainwater concentrations were below the no observable effect concentration, indicating insignificant ecological and human health impacts.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Conrado Augustus de Melo, Kamyla Borges Cunha, Gabriela Piovesan Santiago Suarez
Summary: This paper reviews the regulatory developments of air conditioner standards in Brazil and assesses the potential impacts of new minimum energy performance standards through scenario simulation. The results suggest significant energy savings and greenhouse gas emissions reduction can be achieved through revising the standards. An economic analysis also indicates the benefits of stricter standards for the society and consumers individually.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michael Russo, David Carvalho, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Alexandra Monteiro
Summary: Ship engine combustion emits atmospheric pollutants that have adverse health effects and contribute to air pollution. This study focuses on quantifying the impact of shipping emissions in Europe and considers both emissions projections and climate change scenarios. The results show similarities in the current and future impacts of shipping emissions in certain regions, but efforts to lower emissions are hindered by climate change. An NECA is proposed for the Mediterranean to reduce the shipping sector's impact and counteract the effects of climate change.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alex Hillbrand, Prima Madan, Manjeet Singh, Marie McNamara, Stephen O. Andersen, Ajay Mathur, Rajendra Shende, Anjali Jaiswal
Summary: Demand for HFC refrigerants in India is growing, with projections indicating significant increases in annual demand by 2030 and 2050. India has ratified the Kigali Amendment, which requires a freeze on HFC consumption in 2028 and a phasedown over the following 29 years. Accelerating the transition to alternative refrigerants in stationary air conditioning could help India exceed its obligations under the Kigali Amendment.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yiming Huang, Jinling Liu, Xinbin Feng, Guojia Hu, Xinyu Li, Leiming Zhang, Lu Yang, Guan Wang, Guangyi Sun, Zhonggen Li
Summary: The study found that there is a significant enrichment of thallium (Tl) during cement production, but only a small percentage of Tl is emitted into the atmosphere through clinker and stack emissions. The annual atmospheric Tl emissions from all cement plants in Guizhou province were estimated to be 54 kg in 2018, with a total of 964 kg for all cement plants in China.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas Kleinen, Sergey Gromov, Benedikt Steil, Victor Brovkin
Summary: Methane is the second most important naturally occurring greenhouse gas, with present-day emissions dominated by anthropogenic activities. Unlike carbon dioxide, it is still uncertain whether future methane emissions will be primarily driven by human activities. Research shows that natural methane emissions from the biosphere increase significantly in response to climate warming, leading to higher atmospheric methane concentrations than previously assumed.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John D. Patterson, Murat Aydin, Andrew M. Crotwell, Gabrielle Petron, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Paul B. Krummel, Ray L. Langenfelds, Eric S. Saltzman
Summary: The study indicates that the atmospheric levels of H2 in the southern hemisphere have been continuously rising from the mid to late 19th century to the 20th century, likely due to increased methane oxidation and anthropogenic emissions. Despite a reduction in automotive emissions in the late 20th century, the H2 levels in the atmosphere did not show a similar decrease.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rayne Holland, M. Anwar H. Khan, Isabel Driscoll, Rabi Chhantyal-Pun, Richard G. Derwent, Craig A. Taatjes, Andrew J. Orr-Ewing, Carl J. Percival, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: The study shows that transitioning from HFC-134a to HFO-1234yf leads to a significant increase in the global burden of TFA, with surface TFA concentrations increasing up to 250-fold in Europe. The increase in emissions from HFO-1234yf is likely to result in a substantial TFA burden as the atmosphere is unable to disperse relevant oxidation products.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pasquale Spezzano
Summary: This paper evaluates the potential damage of air pollution on different materials throughout Europe, with a focus on UNESCO World Heritage cultural sites. Despite significant improvements in air quality in Europe, air pollution remains a significant factor in the degradation of cultural heritage.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shayak Sengupta, Thomas Spencer, Neshwin Rodrigues, Raghav Pachouri, Shubham Thakare, Peter J. Adams, Rahul Tongia, Ines M. L. Azevedo
Summary: Emission factors from Indian electricity generation show significant variability, influenced primarily by changes in demand. Coal generation is able to meet demand changes for the majority of the time, and future emission factors are expected to decrease but still vary across states. These estimates provide valuable insights for evaluating interventions such as electric vehicles, air conditioning, and energy efficiency.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Laurent Menut, Guillaume Siour, Bertrand Bessagnet, Arineh Cholakian, Romain Pennel, Sylvain Mailler
Summary: Mineral dust emissions are mainly affected by soil erodibility and near-surface wind speeds. During biomass burning, high surface wind speeds caused by pyroconvection and the replacement of non-desert surfaces with barren soil can contribute to additional mineral dust emissions. However, current chemistry-transport models often treat biomass burning and mineral dust emissions as independent processes, leading to an underestimation of mineral dust emissions and transported concentrations. This study adds the link between these emission processes in the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model and finds that it has a significant but not highly important effect on the whole meteorological and chemical system. It highlights the need to consider this link in future modeling.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoli Yu, Ruicheng Jiang, Guodong Lu, Hao Liu, Yuxiang Tong, Gao Qian, Rui Huang, Zhi Li
Summary: The performance of refrigerant-side HPAC-WHR system is the best in low-temperature and low-waste heat conditions, while the condenser-side HPAC-WHR system performs the best in high-temperature and high-waste heat conditions. By combining the advantages of both systems, a novel HPAC-WHR system is designed with a performance improvement of 18.9% in COPcom and a reduction of 14.7% in life-cycle carbon emissions, with only a 2.1% increase in comprehensive cost.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hanzheng Zhu, Youfan Chen, Yuanhong Zhao, Lin Zhang, Xilong Zhang, Bo Zheng, Lei Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Wen Xu, Xuejun Liu
Summary: This study presents a model analysis that quantifies the influence of anthropogenic emission variations on nitrogen deposition in China. It finds that the increase in NHx dry deposition is dominated by the reduction in SO2 emissions, while the increase in NH4+ wet deposition is due to precipitation. The NOy deposition peaks around 2011 and then decreases following the reduction in NOx emissions. Future emission control measures are predicted to effectively reduce NOy deposition but have only a small impact on NHx deposition in 2030 compared to 2015.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Helen L. Macintyre, Christina Mitsakou, Massimo Vieno, Mathew R. Heal, Clare Heaviside, Karen S. Exley
Summary: Air pollution is the greatest environmental risk to public health. Future air pollution concentrations are primarily determined by precursor emissions, which are driven by environmental policies relating to climate and air pollution. Detailed health impact assessments (HIA) are necessary to provide quantitative estimates of the impacts of future air pollution to support decision-makers developing environmental policy and targets.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rasa Zalakeviciute, Danilo Mejia, Hermel Alvarez, Xavier Bermeo, Santiago Bonilla-Bedoya, Yves Rybarczyk, Brian Lamb
Summary: This study analyzed satellite images of NO2, CO, O-3, SO2, and PM2.5 over Ukrainian territory and PM2.5 land monitoring data for Kyiv during the first months of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The results showed that NO2 and PM2.5 correlated the most with war activities. CO and O3 levels increased, while SO2 concentrations reduced four-fold as war intensified. Drastic increases in pollution (especially PM2.5) from bombing and fires raise additional health concerns for local and regional populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Agusti-Panareda, Joe McNorton, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Bianca C. Baier, Nicolas Bousserez, Souhail Boussetta, Dominik Brunner, Frederic Chevallier, Margarita Choulga, Michail Diamantakis, Richard Engelen, Johannes Flemming, Claire Granier, Marc Guevara, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Nellie Elguindi, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Martin Jung, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Rigel Kivi, Sebastien Massart, Dario Papale, Mark Parrington, Miha Razinger, Colm Sweeney, Alex Vermeulen, Sophia Walther
Summary: The CO2 Human Emissions project has generated realistic global simulations to support carbon-cycle research and assess the impact of satellite designs on atmospheric carbon tracers.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ioannis Katharopoulos, Dominik Brunner, Lukas Emmenegger, Markus Leuenberger, Stephan Henne
Summary: This article investigates the influence of turbulence parameterization in Lagrangian particle dispersion models (LPDMs) and proposes a new parameterization method to address the issue of double-counting in high-resolution simulations. The results show that the new parameterization improves the model's ability to predict observed tracer variability and concentration, resulting in a more realistic simulation of tracer concentration peaks.
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert Hanfland, Margit Pattantyus-Abraham, Cornelia Richter, Dominik Brunner, Christiane Voigt
Summary: Atmospheric dispersion models are used to describe and predict the dispersion of emitted plumes. This study introduces the Lagrangian Atmospheric Radionuclide Transport Model (ARTM) 2.8.0, which simulates the atmospheric dispersion of nuclear facility emissions over annual timescales. The model includes a wind field model and a particle dispersion model, and considers wet and dry deposition, plume rise, and gamma-cloud shine in the simulation domain. The article provides an overview of the model components, and investigates the influence of key input parameters on plume dispersion.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2022)
Correction
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luke M. Western, Martin K. Vollmer, Paul B. Krummel, Karina E. Adcock, Molly Crotwell, Paul J. Fraser, Christina M. Harth, Ray L. Langenfelds, Stephen A. Montzka, Jens Muehle, Simon O'Doherty, David E. Oram, Stefan Reimann, Matt Rigby, Isaac Vimont, Ray F. Weiss, Dickon Young, Johannes C. Laube
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Robert Hanfland, Margit Pattantyus-Abraham, Cornelia Richter, Dominik Brunner, Christiane Voigt
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Chunjing Qiu, Matthew J. McGrath, Philippe Peylin, Glen P. Peters, Philippe Ciais, Rona L. Thompson, Aki Tsuruta, Dominik Brunner, Matthias Kuhnert, Bradley Matthews, Paul I. Palmer, Oksana Tarasova, Pierre Regnier, Ronny Lauerwald, David Bastviken, Lena Hoeglund-Isaksson, Wilfried Winiwarter, Giuseppe Etiope, Tuula Aalto, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Vladislav Bastrikov, Antoine Berchet, Patrick Brockmann, Giancarlo Ciotoli, Giulia Conchedda, Monica Crippa, Frank Dentener, Christine D. Groot Zwaaftink, Diego Guizzardi, Dirk Guenther, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Sander Houweling, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Massaer Kouyate, Adrian Leip, Antti Leppanen, Emanuele Lugato, Manon Maisonnier, Alistair J. Manning, Tiina Markkanen, Joe McNorton, Marilena Muntean, Gabriel D. Oreggioni, Prabir K. Patra, Lucia Perugini, Isabelle Pison, Maarit T. Raivonen, Marielle Saunois, Arjo J. Segers, Pete Smith, Efisio Solazzo, Hanqin Tian, Francesco N. Tubiello, Timo Vesala, Guido R. van der Werf, Chris Wilson, Soenke Zaehle
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the European Union and UK using various methods. It compares the results with national greenhouse gas inventories reported by parties and identifies differences in estimates due to the inclusion of natural and anthropogenic fluxes. It highlights the importance of spatial distribution and attribution of emissions in monitoring and mitigating anthropogenic emissions under the Paris Agreement. Rating: 8 out of 10.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dominik Brunner, Gerrit Kuhlmann, Stephan Henne, Erik Koene, Bastian Kern, Sebastian Wolff, Christiane Voigt, Patrick Joeckel, Christoph Kiemle, Anke Roiger, Alina Fiehn, Sven Krautwurst, Konstantin Gerilowski, Heinrich Bovensmann, Jakob Borchardt, Michal Galkowski, Christoph Gerbig, Julia Marshall, Andrzej Klonecki, Pascal Prunet, Robert Hanfland, Margit Pattantyus-Abraham, Andrzej Wyszogrodzki, Andreas Fix
Summary: Power plants and large industrial facilities are responsible for more than half of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The Copernicus program of the European space agency aims to quantify these emissions through monitoring satellites. This study evaluates the simulation of CO2 plumes from power plants using different atmospheric transport models and demonstrates the importance of model resolution in capturing turbulent plume structures.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Prabhakar Shrestha, Jana Mendrok, Dominik Brunner
Summary: The Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TSMP) was extended to study aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions, and the results revealed both successes and limitations of the model in capturing storm structure and polarimetric features. The study emphasized the importance of including a chemical transport model and polarimetric radar data for a better understanding of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions and the improvement of weather prediction models.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Megan Jeramaz Lickley, John S. Daniel, Eric L. Fleming, Stefan Reimann, Susan Solomon
Summary: This study extends a probabilistic Bayesian model to quantify ozone-depleting substance (ODS) banks and emissions. The study finds that the banks are likely larger than previously estimated and that total production is probably higher than reported. The study identifies the most important climate-relevant banks in foams and non-hermetic refrigeration equipment. The future emissions from these banks could contribute to global warming and delay ozone-hole recovery if left unrecovered.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Simone M. Pieber, Bela Tuzson, Stephan Henne, Ute Karstens, Christoph Gerbig, Frank-Thomas Koch, Dominik Brunner, Martin Steinbacher, Lukas Emmenegger
Summary: In this study, the regional contributions of carbon dioxide and carbon isotopes at Jungfraujoch observatory in Switzerland were investigated using simulations and observations. The results showed that the station was primarily influenced by nearby sources, and the seasonal variations and specific sources had a significant impact.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luke M. Western, Alison L. Redington, Alistair J. Manning, Cathy M. Trudinger, Lei Hu, Stephan Henne, Xuekun Fang, Lambert J. M. Kuijpers, Christina Theodoridi, David S. Godwin, Jgor Arduini, Bronwyn Dunse, Andreas Engel, Paul J. Fraser, Christina M. Harth, Paul B. Krummel, Michela Maione, Jens Muhle, Simon O'Doherty, Hyeri Park, Sunyoung Park, Stefan Reimann, Peter K. Salameh, Daniel Say, Roland Schmidt, Tanja Schuck, Carolina Siso, Kieran M. Stanley, Isaac Vimont, Martin K. Vollmer, Dickon Young, Ronald G. Prinn, Ray F. Weiss, Stephen A. Montzka, Matthew Rigby
Summary: Despite a decrease in reported production and consumption, global emissions of the ozone-depleting gas HCFC-141b have increased from 2017 to 2021. The study suggests that this rise may be attributed to emissions from the disposal of appliances containing HCFC-141b or unreported production for dispersive uses.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Thomas Kaminski, Marko Scholze, Peter Rayner, Sander Houweling, Michael Vossbeck, Jeremy Silver, Srijana Lama, Michael Buchwitz, Maximilian Reuter, Wolfgang Knorr, Hans W. Chen, Gerrit Kuhlmann, Dominik Brunner, Stijn Dellaert, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Ingrid Super, Armin Loescher, Yasjka Meijer
Summary: The European Copernicus programme plans to install a constellation of multiple polar orbiting satellites for observing atmospheric CO2 content. The measurements of XCO2 and aerosols provide a powerful constraint on emissions from power plants and other industrial sectors. The assessments reveal the complex structure of the footprint of an observed CO2 column, indicating the limits of simple mass balances approaches for interpretation of such observations.
FRONTIERS IN REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Randulph Morales, Jonas Ravelid, Katarina Vinkovic, Piotr Korbe, Bela Tuzson, Lukas Emmenegger, Huilin Chen, Martina Schmidt, Sebastian Humbel, Dominik Brunner
Summary: Using in situ measurements from unmanned aerial vehicles to map trace gas emission plumes, a refined kriging framework was developed to quantify methane emissions more accurately. The study found that under favorable measurement conditions, emissions could be quantified with an uncertainty of 30%, but uncertainties increase when wind speeds are low, directional variability is high, and the measurement distance is too far. Comparisons with the OTM-33A method showed good agreement between the two approaches.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Gerrit Kuhlmann, Ka Lok Chan, Sebastian Donner, Ying Zhu, Marc Schwaerzel, Steffen Doerner, Jia Chen, Andreas Hueni, Duc Hai Nguyen, Alexander Damm, Annette Schuett, Florian Dietrich, Dominik Brunner, Cheng Liu, Brigitte Buchmann, Thomas Wagner, Mark Wenig
Summary: This study presents the results of the Munich NO2 Imaging Campaign, where NO2 near-surface concentrations and vertical column densities were measured using various instruments in Munich, Germany. It was found that mobile NSC measurements showed high spatial and temporal variability along roads, while the APEX imaging spectrometer effectively mapped the spatial distribution of NO2 VCDs and detected emission plumes. The estimates of NOx emissions using a mass-balance approach were consistent with other measurements but may be overestimated.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)