Review
Environmental Sciences
Wenwen Cheng, Dongying Li, Zhixin Liu, Robert D. Brown
Summary: This study summarized and analyzed the construction, calculation, and validation of current models and indices related to population heat vulnerability, suggesting the inclusion of relevant indicators, rational weighting methods, and model validation. It also emphasized the need for future studies to be conducted in more tropical areas, understand energy exchanges between landscape elements and humans comprehensively, and be applied in urban planning and policy making practice.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Laura A. Nunes, Christine A. Ribic, Benjamin Zuckerberg
Summary: Grassland birds are globally threatened due to habitat degradation, with a conservation network in Wisconsin showing less than 20% of species populations within the current network. Representation of bird assemblages is biased towards moderately tallgrasses, with citizen science data and hierarchical modeling proving to be powerful tools for ecological baseline estimation and large-scale evaluations of conservation networks. Flexible spatial randomization approaches offer potential for broader conservation planning efforts worldwide.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mirja Mittermaier, Kaushik P. Venkatesh, Joseph C. Kvedar
Summary: The use of digital devices has significantly increased in clinical and research settings, but low adherence remains a challenge. A recent study explored the factors associated with long-term use of digital health components, including a smartphone app, a digital blood pressure cuff, and a smartwatch. Depressive symptoms and lower self-rated health were linked to lower smartwatch usage, while female sex and higher education levels were associated with higher app-based survey completion. Personalized strategies to enhance adherence to digital tools are discussed.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas Ryan Vernon Price, Sepul Kanti Barua
Summary: Social determinants of health are difficult to map on a fine spatial scale globally, leading to a recent focus on environmental determinants. This framework breaks down environmental features into parts and relates them to human health, enabling fine-scale monitoring of vulnerable populations and transmission pathways.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
M. Carmen Terol Cantero, Maite Martin-Aragon Gelabert, Carolina Vazquez Rodriguez, Ana Lledo Boyer, Jose Enrique Garcia Soler
Summary: This study analyzes perceptions of poverty and identifies differences in attitudinal profiles between men and women, as well as the influence of their political and religious beliefs. The results show that women and men exhibit two different attitudinal profiles, with variations in the first profile where individuals have no religious beliefs, hold left-wing or center-left political ideologies, and have favorable attitudes towards poverty.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yi Zhang, Jiaqi Shi, Ying Ma, Nairui Yu, Pai Zheng, Zhangjian Chen, Tiancheng Wang, Guang Jia
Summary: Air pollution is associated with dyslipidemia and may also lead to the development of metabolic diseases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cynthia Williams, Di Shang
Summary: Low-income minority groups have limited access to in-person healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic, which exacerbates health inequities.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Schulte, N. Trujillo, O. A. Rodriguez-Villagra, N. Salas, A. Ibanez, N. Carriedo, D. Huepe
Summary: This study examined the influence of socioeconomic status and living conditions on cognitive processes and their interactions in predicting social adaptation. The results showed significant relationships between executive function and social adaptation through social cognition and intelligence. These findings have important implications for understanding the impact of socioeconomic status and vulnerable living conditions on psychological function and for the development of effective interventions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yan Xu, Yuexin Huang, Jie Peng, Ruiti Tang, Bin Luo, Zhiwei Xia
Summary: While the government has prioritized HIV disclosure education, depression continues to influence whether people with HIV choose to disclose their status. Vulnerable populations at risk for HIV are often more susceptible to mental illness. However, the association between depression and vulnerable populations affected by HIV in the United States is not well understood. This study examines the incidence of depression in HIV infection vulnerable populations and explores the association between the two.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingya Zhao, Marina S. Nogueira, Ginger L. Milne, Xingyi Guo, Hui Cai, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman, Qiuyin Cai, Yu-Tang Gao, Qingxia Chen, Xiao-Ou Shu, Gong Yang
Summary: The study found that miRNAs associated with F2-IsoP-M are enriched for various lipid peroxidation-related processes, and some miRNAs exhibited functional interactions with mRNAs involved in the regulation of beta-oxidation.
Article
Psychology, Social
Veronique Maheux-Caron, Dominick Gamache, Sebastien Hetu
Summary: This study used Latent Class Analysis to investigate the combination of Dark Tetrad and Vulnerable Dark Triad traits, and identified four personality profiles: Low traits, Moderate Dark Tetrad, High Dark Tetrad, and Vulnerable Dark Triad. The study found differences in external variables among these profiles.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2024)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danielle Tracey, Tonia Gray, Narendar Manohar, Jonathan Kingsley, Aisling Bailey, Philip Pettitt
Summary: Community gardening has a broad impact on vulnerable populations, providing benefits in social connection, health, education, and nutrition. However, the research in this area is limited, with a relative emphasis on the general population and moderate quality studies.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Kawai O. Tanabe, Meredith E. Hayden, Barbara Zunder, Christopher P. Holstege
Summary: This study aims to determine the number of university students who belong to high-risk category for severe COVID-19 illness using a student database, providing valuable information for universities to make appropriate accommodations during the pandemic.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Juli Carrere, Andres Peralta, Laura Oliveras, Maria Jose Lopez, Marc Mari-Dell'Olmo, Joan Benach, Ana M. Novoa
Summary: The study found that the vulnerable population participating in a program to tackle energy poverty showed poorer physical and mental health compared to the non-energy poor population, with those most affected experiencing even worse health outcomes. Therefore, there is an urgent need for public policies in Spain to address energy poverty and its consequences.
Article
Psychiatry
Marlehn Lubbert, Lydia Bahlmann, Sebastian Josfeld, Jessica Buerger, Alexandra Schulz, Karl-Jurgen Baer, Udo Polzer, Martin Walter, Ulrich W. Kastner, Thomas Sobanski, Gerd Wagner
Summary: The study found that suicide attempters are a heterogeneous group, with re-attempters showing more severe psychopathology, higher rates of family history of suicide, emotional abuse in childhood, and specific personality traits. Multivariate analysis distinguished re-attempters from single attempters based on higher levels of self-aggressiveness and suicidal ideation, contributing to a better understanding of complex mechanisms leading to suicidal behavior and improving early identification and targeted treatment for those at risk of repeated suicidal behavior.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Garyfallos Konstantinoudis, Michela Cameletti, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Inmaculada Leon Gomez, Monica Pirani, Gianluca Baio, Amparo Larrauri, Julien Riou, Matthias Egger, Paolo Vineis, Marta Blangiardo
Summary: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess mortality varied across and within European countries in 2020. The study highlights the significance of transportation hubs in establishing community transmission and emphasizes the importance of prompt action to limit transmission in these areas.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
George Nicholson, Brieuc Lehmann, Tullia Padellini, Koen B. Pouwels, Radka Jersakova, James Lomax, Ruairidh E. King, Ann-Marie Mallon, Peter J. Diggle, Sylvia Richardson, Marta Blangiardo, Chris Holmes
Summary: Global and national surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology is based on targeted testing of symptomatic individuals, but these data are often biased. A causal framework described in the study provides debiased estimates by combining targeted test counts and randomized surveillance data.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Martin Outzen Berild, Sara Martino, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Havard Rue
Summary: This article introduces the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) method and its extensions, such as the importance sampling combined with INLA (IS-INLA) and the adaptive multiple importance sampling combined with INLA (AMIS-INLA). The performance of these methods is evaluated through comparison experiments on simulated and observed datasets. The results show that the AMIS-INLA method outperforms other methods in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and robustness, although the IS-INLA algorithm can be considered for faster inference when good proposals are available.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND GRAPHICAL STATISTICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Holly Elser, Sebastian T. Rowland, Sara Y. Tartof, Robbie M. Parks, Katia Bruxvoort, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Sarah C. Robinson, Alice R. Pressman, Rong X. Wei, Joan A. Casey
Summary: This study examined the association between ambient temperature and outpatient urinary tract infections (UTI) diagnoses. The results showed that an increase in temperature was related to a higher rate of UTI among women, particularly in the spring and autumn seasons.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicole C. Deziel, Lisa M. McKenzie, Joan A. Casey, Thomas E. McKone, Jill E. Johnston, David J. X. Gonzalez, Seth B. C. Shonkoff, Rachel Morello-Frosch
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas J. Depsky, Lara Cushing, Rachel Morello-Frosch
Summary: This paper introduces high-resolution population grids for California, using data from the 2020 census. The grids, known as CA-POP, were created using dasymetric mapping methods and include various sociodemographic variables. The accuracy of the grids was assessed and compared to block-level census data, showing good concordance. CA-POP offers more recent data, higher resolution, and improved building footprint data compared to existing gridded population products. The dataset is freely available online for different population groups.
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Mabel Morales-Otero, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Vicente Nunez-Anton
Summary: This paper presents a method to fit DHGLM with INLA by combining INLA and importance sampling algorithms. It demonstrates how to split DHGLM into submodels that can be fitted with INLA, and fit the remaining parameters using AMIS with the aid of the graphical representation of the hierarchical model. This is illustrated using a simulation study and two real data examples.
STATISTICS AND COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ruben G. Mateo, Gabriel Arellano, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, J. Sebastian Tello, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Leslie Cayola, M. Isabel Loza, Victoria Cala, Manuel J. Macia
Summary: Disentangling the relative importance of different biodiversity drivers is a crucial challenge in ecology. The study found that precipitation and temperature play important roles in determining plant species richness in the region. Incorporating a spatial component is necessary for accurately predicting biodiversity.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dorota Mlynarczyk, Pedro Puig, Carmen Armero, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Joan F. Barquinero, Monica Pujol-Canadell
Summary: This paper presents new Bayesian methods for dose estimation in radiation exposure using the gamma-H2AX biomarker, allowing for uncertainty in the time since exposure and producing more precise results. The Laplace approximation method is also utilized to reduce computation time.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Pedro Javier Soria-Meneses, Alejandro Jurado-Campos, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Irene Sanchez-Ajofrin, Ana Josefa Soler, Jose Julian Garde, Maria Del Rocio Fernandez-Santos
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of two techniques for determining DNA damage in ovine sperm caused by oxidative stress. The results showed that SCSA is a more accurate and straightforward method compared to the 8-OHdG immunodetection assay.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel Morello-Frosch, Osagie K. Obasogie
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lucien Swetschinski, Kelvin C. Fong, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Julian D. Marshall, Michelle L. Bell
Summary: The societal costs of air pollution have historically been measured in terms of premature deaths, disability-adjusted life years, and medical costs. However, emerging research shows that air pollution can also impact human capital formation. Extended exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5 during childhood can lead to health complications and hinder academic performance and skill acquisition. A study analyzing income data for Americans born between 1979 and 1983 found that early-life exposure to PM2.5 is associated with lower predicted income percentiles in adulthood. The study estimates that meeting air quality standards for PM2.5 could have increased 2014-2015 earnings by $7.18 billion for this birth cohort.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
John Molitor, Yi Sun, Virgilio Gomez Rubio, Tarik Benmarhnia, Jiu-Chiuan Chen, Chantal Avila, David A. Sacks, Vicki Chiu, Jeff Slezak, Darios Getahun, Jun Wu
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 14.0% of pregnancies worldwide and air pollution, particularly exposure to PM2.5, is a major environmental issue that adversely affects pregnant women. The effects of air pollution on health can vary spatially in subpopulations due to contextual neighborhood and individual factors, as well as different compositions of particulate matter from different emission sources.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Operations Research & Management Science
Gabriel Calvo, Carmen Armero, Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Guido Mazzinari
Summary: Laparoscopy is a surgical technique that allows for viewing and performing small-scale surgery in the abdomen using small incisions and a camera. Insufflating the abdomen with CO2 is necessary for creating a working space. Bayesian nonlinear growth mixed-effects models are used to assess the relationship between insufflation pressure and intra-abdominal volume.
NEW FRONTIERS IN BAYESIAN STATISTICS, BAYSM 2021
(2022)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Virgilio Gomez-Rubio, Michela Cameletti, Marta Blangiardo
Summary: This paper addresses the problem of missing values in regression models by formulating it as a latent Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) model in a fully Bayesian framework. The proposed approach provides a solution for both continuous and categorical covariates with missing values. The resulting Bayesian hierarchical model fits within the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) framework, allowing for joint modeling of data, imputed covariates, and their missingness mechanism.
SORT-STATISTICS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH TRANSACTIONS
(2022)