Article
Chemistry, Physical
James Frost, Abdoulaye Tall, Abubakar Mahmud Sheriff, Alessandro Schonborn, Paul Hellier
Summary: Ammonia has the potential to be a solution for decarbonising transport due to its ability to act as a hydrogen carrier. Increasing the aspiration of ammonium hydroxide solution was found to prolong ignition delay, raise peak in-cylinder temperature, decrease combustion quality, and reduce particle size.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minhoo Choi, Khawar Mohiuddin, Sungwook Park
Summary: The study revealed that increasing the methane mixture ratio in a single cylinder dual-fuel engine led to a transition from diesel combustion to pre-mixed combustion, resulting in reduced nitrogen oxides emissions and increased fuel conversion efficiency. However, this also led to a significant increase in hydrocarbon emissions. The fastest combustion speed was observed with methane mixture ratios between 40% and 80%.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qinhao Fan, Shang Liu, Yunliang Qi, Kaiyuan Cai, Zhi Wang
Summary: Blending ethanol into non-oxygenated gasoline can achieve stable compression ignition, high thermal efficiency, and low particle emission under SICI mode. Ethanol addition can reduce knock tendency, but synergistic effects with aromatics may result in higher knock intensity when maintaining the same fuel type.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ahmad O. Hasan, Ahmed I. Osman, Ala'a H. Al-Muhtaseb, Hani Al-Rawashdeh, Ahmad Abu-jrai, Riad Ahmad, Mohamed R. Gomaa, Tanmay J. Deka, David W. Rooney
Summary: The study found that blended methanol can reduce HC and CO emissions in tailpipe, but increase NOx emissions; smoke emissions significantly decrease as the percentage of methanol in blends increases. Pure diesel showed higher brake thermal efficiency and lower fuel consumption at all engine loads.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
G. D. Telli, G. Y. Zulian, T. D. M. Lanzanova, M. E. S. Martins, L. A. O. Rocha
Summary: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), also known as Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI), enables combustion with high fuel conversion efficiency and low NOX emissions. Water injection was used for combustion phasing control and load expansion in an ethanol HCCI engine, achieving significant improvements in maximum operational load and combustion efficiency.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Brian Gainey, Ziming Yan, John Gandolfo, Benjamin Lawler
Summary: As the world seeks to reduce fossil fuel usage, the transportation sector is undergoing changes, with alternative fuels potentially advancing at a faster rate than alternative powertrains. Alcohol fuels, such as methanol and ethanol, show great potential as renewable fuels for internal combustion engines, with similar performance to gasoline.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mortadha K. Mohammed, Hyder H. Balla, Zaid Maan H. Al-Dulaimi, Zaid S. Kareem, Mudhaffar S. Al-Zuhairy
Summary: The negative effects of traditional engine fuels on climate change have led to a high level of competition in finding alternative fuels that are more environmentally friendly. Alcohol fuels, particularly ethanol, have been found to be practical for blending with traditional engine fuels like gasoline. Research has shown that blending ethanol with gasoline can increase power, efficiency, and reduce harmful exhaust gases. However, ethanol may have a negative impact on volumetric efficiency, while also improving power and efficiency as its concentration increases.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iliana D. Dimitrova, Thanos Megaritis, Lionel Christopher Ganippa, Efstathios Al-Tingas
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of using hydrogen peroxide as an ignition promoter in a dual fuel concept using Chemkin Pro's HCCI numerical model. The results show that under lean fuel conditions, the use of hydrogen peroxide significantly improves engine performance and reduces NOx emissions. Further research is needed to demonstrate the practicality of this proposed technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yiqiang Pei, Decheng Wang, Shouying Jin, Yuncheng Gu, Chunling Wu, Binyang Wu
Summary: To reduce carbon emissions from internal combustion engines and address global warming, Ammonia-Diesel Dual-Fuel (ADDF) combustion has been considered as a viable strategy. This research developed an ADDF engine experimental platform and investigated the use of Premixed-Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) combustion and diesel-piloted combustion modes under different operating conditions. The results showed high thermal efficiency and low emissions could be achieved with the appropriate diesel injection strategy and intake pressure settings.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shang Liu, Hao Zhang, Qinhao Fan, Wei Wang, Yunliang Qi, Zhi Wang
Summary: Spark induced compression ignition (SICI) is a promising method for achieving high thermal efficiency and robust combustion control. With the increase of compression ratio, the popularization of bioethanol, and the development of NOx emission control technologies, high-efficiency and clean SICI combustion can be achieved under medium-to-high load. Ethanol-contained fuels can accelerate flame propagation but suppress the heat release rate of autoignition.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Antonio Garcia, Javier Monsalve-Serrano, Carlos Mico, Maria Guzman-Mendoza
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of using neat methanol in high-efficiency compression ignition engines and its potential to reduce CO2 emissions. The research reveals that combustion of neat methanol poses challenges due to its low ignition capability, requiring higher compression ratios and temperatures than diesel. However, despite its lower energy density, methanol combustion achieves comparable efficiency with remarkable improvements in NOx and soot emissions.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. S. Ed Cheng, Matthew A. Ratcliff, Robert L. McCormick
Summary: Computational modeling was used to understand the fuel-injection and fuel-impingement processes in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine using different ethanol and aromatic fuel blends. The results showed that droplet vaporization enriched the concentrations of aromatic species in the liquid phase, and ethanol-containing fuels affected droplet sizes and increased liquid-phase mass in the cylinder. Fuel impinging on lower temperature surfaces created wall films that could interact with the piston, while fuel impinging on hotter surfaces vaporized more readily and formed concentrated wall films with lower vapor pressure and aromatic compounds.
Article
Thermodynamics
Amnon Eyal, Andy Thawko, Vladimir Baibikov, Leonid Tartakovsky
Summary: This study validates the experimental results of the reforming-controlled compression ignition (RefCCI) concept and provides important new knowledge on the dependency of engine performance and emissions on fuel injection timing and reactivity of the fuel mixture. The results demonstrate an improvement in thermal efficiency and a decrease in CO emissions in the RefCCI mode, while NOx and total particle number emissions are significantly lower than in the diesel mode.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jarernporn Thawornprasert, Arrisa Sopajarn, Suhdee Niseng, Panumas Suybangdum, Wiriya Duangsuwan, Krit Somnuk
Summary: The research showed that nitrogen oxide emissions were significantly lower in all fuel blends compared to baseline diesel, and most fuel blends emitted less carbon dioxide. Biofuels in blends may reduce engine component wear, but could also cause surface porosity issues.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jingrui Li, Haifeng Liu, Xinlei Liu, Ying Ye, Hu Wang, Mingfa Yao
Summary: The study investigates the detailed combustion kinetics of a high-pressure direct injection natural gas marine engine, observing that an earlier NG start of injection timing results in a higher heat release rate with limited impact on the main representative exothermic reactions and dominant formation reactions of CH2O and OH.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yongbiao Hua, Deepak Kukkar, Richard J. C. Brown, Ki-Hyun Kim
Summary: This article reviews the recent advances in hybrid MOF-MIP technology, discusses the performance of MIPs towards various targets, and explores the challenges and future prospects in MOF-MIP-based sensing applications.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Joel C. Corbin, Robin L. Modini, Martin Gysel-Beer
Summary: This study combines theory and experiments to explain conflicting viewpoints on the compaction of soot aggregates. The study finds that internal mixing of soot particles with liquid coatings through condensation typically leads to compaction, while internal mixing through coagulation or the formation of solid or highly viscous coatings may avoid compaction.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Olga Rakhmetova, Alireza Taghipour, Geoffrey Will, Richard J. Brown, Thomas J. Rainey
Summary: Isobaric phase equilibrium data were measured for three binary systems at atmospheric pressure. The data were verified for thermodynamic consistency using the Herington and Van Ness tests. Three models (Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC) were used to correlate the experimental data, and binary interaction parameters (BIPs) were obtained through a maximum likelihood objective function. Using appropriate BIPs, the models produced consistent outputs with each other and with the experimental data.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Changda Wu, Haydn Trounce, Erin Dunne, David W. T. Griffith, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, Ruhi S. Humphries, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Chunlin Zhang, Hao Wang, Boguang Wang, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: This study presents the first comprehensive measurements of aerosol properties in the tropical warm pool of Australian waters, revealing intense non-marine related aerosol emissions in the region. Fossil fuel combustion was found to be the dominant contributor to black carbon concentrations, with biomass burning making significant contributions in certain areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Priyanka Arora, Puneet Verma, Faisal Lodi, Mohammad Jafari, Ali Zare, Svetlana Stevanovic, Timothy A. Bodisco, Richard J. Brown, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: This study investigates the particulate emission and soot characterization of particles from a six-cylinder common-rail direct injection (CRDI), turbocharged diesel engine. The effects of different engine loads and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) fuel blends on particulate emissions and soot structure were examined. The results show that the particle number and mass concentrations are higher for DOP fuel blends compared to neat diesel. The soot structure of DOP fuel blends is more compact and exhibits shorter and curved fringes compared to diesel. The oxidation reactivity of soot particles is reduced in DOP fuel blends.
Article
Thermodynamics
Olga Rakhmetova, Alireza Taghipour, Geoffrey Will, Richard J. Brown, Thomas J. Rainey
Summary: Process modeling and feasibility studies for biofuel production require accurate phase equilibria data. Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for binary mixtures and a ternary system of biofuel compounds were obtained and validated thermodynamically. Different activity coefficient models were used to correlate and predict the vapor-liquid equilibrium data, with the PSRK model showing better accuracy in predicting composition of the vapor phase. The PSRK model was also found to accurately predict the vapor-liquid equilibrium even without experimental data.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bruna A. Holanda, Marco A. Franco, David Walter, Paulo Artaxo, Samara Carbone, Yafang Cheng, Sourangsu Chowdhury, Florian Ditas, Martin Gysel-Beer, Thomas Klimach, Leslie A. Kremper, Ovid O. Krueger, Jost Lavric, Jos Lelieveld, Chaoqun Ma, Luiz A. T. Machado, Robin L. Modini, Fernando G. Morais, Andrea Pozzer, Jorge Saturno, Hang Su, Manfred Wendisch, Stefan Wolff, Mira L. Poehlker, Meinrat O. Andreae, Ulrich Poeschl, Christopher Poehlker
Summary: Smoke from biomass combustion in Africa contributes significantly to black carbon concentrations in the central Amazon, especially during the rainy season. The influence of African smoke extends across the entire Amazon, with the strongest impact on the eastern basin. These findings suggest that African smoke has historically played a crucial role in the development of the Amazon forest ecosystem.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Faisal Lodi, Ali Zare, Priyanka Arora, Svetlana Stevanovic, Zoran Ristovski, Richard J. Brown, Timothy Bodisco
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the engine performance parameters under different temperature-based operating conditions. Novel blends of DOP and diesel were prepared and compared with ultra-low sulphur diesel. The results showed improvements in indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) and reduced blowby using the blended fuels, but also higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and deteriorated engine parameters such as MEP and SFC.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ali Zare, Meisam Babaie, Alireza Shirneshan, Puneet Verma, Liping Yang, Zoran D. Ristovski, Richard J. Brown, Timothy A. Bodisco, Svetlana Stevanovic
Summary: The increasing use of biofuels in vehicles leads to increased particle toxicity, especially during cold-start. Adding lubricating oil to the fuel blend increases particle concentration and decreases particle size during cold-start.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Zieger, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Linn Karlsson, Makoto Koike, Robin Modini, Radovan Krejci
Summary: Black carbon has a pronounced climatic effect on the polar environment. This study uses long-term observations of black carbon inside Arctic clouds to investigate its seasonality, sources, and links to other meteorological parameters.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Svetlana Stevanovic, Maja Jovanovic, Milena Jovasevic-Stojanovic, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been linked to negative health effects in numerous epidemiological studies. It is known that the harmful effects of particles cannot be explained solely by particle mass, as their chemical composition and reactivity are not always reflected by mass loadings. The oxidative potential (OP) of aerosol particles shows promise as an indicator of their potential toxicity. Source apportionment (SA) studies of PM are increasingly used to develop strategies and regulations for improving air quality, but less attention has been given to SA investigations of OP. This review summarizes previous research on SA of atmospheric PM OP and provides guidelines for future studies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Milena V. Jovasevic-Stojanovic, Saverio De Vito, Milos D. Davidovic, Zoran Ristovski, Alena Bartonova
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alireza Moallemi, Robin L. Modini, Benjamin T. Brem, Barbara Bertozzi, Philippe Giaccari, Martin Gysel-Beer
Summary: This study presents a new polar nephelometer called uNeph, which accurately measures the phase function and polarized phase function of aerosol particles and retrieves their properties through inversion algorithms.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruhi S. Humphries, Melita D. Keywood, Jason P. Ward, James Harnwell, Simon P. Alexander, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Keiichiro Hara, Ian M. McRobert, Alain Protat, Joel Alroe, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Zoran D. Ristovski, Robyn Schofield, Stephen R. Wilson, Connor J. Flynn, Gourihar R. Kulkarni, Gerald G. Mace, Greg M. McFarquhar, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, Alan D. Griffiths
Summary: Due to the remoteness and extreme conditions of the Southern Ocean and Antarctic region, observations in this area are rare and mostly limited to summer research or resupply voyages. This study presents two years of observations from Macquarie Island and compares them with long-term data sets from other stations, highlighting the heterogeneity of the region and the need for further long-term observations. The results are important for validating and improving models.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
