Article
Environmental Sciences
Elena C. Maters, Daniel S. Mulholland, Pascal Flament, Jeroen de Jong, Nadine Mattielli, Karine Deboudt, Guillaume Dhont, Eugene Bychkov
Summary: Atmospheric deposition is an important way for iron to enter the ocean. Various natural and anthropogenic particles can deliver iron to the ocean. Iron isotope analysis is a potential method to trace the sources of iron. However, it is uncertain how the iron isotope signatures of particles may be modified during atmospheric transport. This experimental study found that dissolution and isotopic fractionation occur during atmospheric processing, which may affect the release of iron.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alma Malibekova, Vadim Guliants
Summary: In this study, bimetallic ZVI nanoparticles containing Cu, Ni, and Co were synthesized and used for the removal of selenate ions from simulated FGD wastewater. The relationship between the structure and reactivity of bimetallic ZVI nanoparticles in Se6+ reduction was investigated through various characterization techniques and selenate reduction kinetics. The importance of the standard reduction potential difference between two metals in bimetallic ZVI for galvanic reduction and the structural characteristics in Se6+ reduction were demonstrated.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Slobodan Nickovic, Bojan Cvetkovic, Slavko Petkovic, Vassilis Amiridis, Goran Pejanovic, Stavros Solomos, Eleni Marinou, Jugoslav Nikolic
Summary: This study examines the impact of icing linked to convective weather conditions on two aircraft accidents, with a focus on desert mineral dust potentially enhancing the icing process. Numerical simulations show that desert dust can increase ice nucleation, leading to a proposed new icing parameter that includes predicted dust concentration for the first time.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Manuel Schad, James M. Byrne, Laurel K. ThomasArrigo, Ruben Kretzschmar, Kurt O. Konhauser, Andreas Kappler
Summary: The absence of silica and more frequent Fe cycling favor the formation of more crystalline minerals; high concentrations of silica lead to the formation of short-range ordered Fe(III) minerals, while increasing Si concentrations favor the formation of more Fe(II) minerals.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giovanni Baccolo, Barbara Delmonte, P. B. Niles, Giannantonio Cibin, Elena Di Stefano, Dariush Hampai, Lindsay Keller, Valter Maggi, Augusto Marcelli, Joseph Michalski, Christopher Snead, Massimo Frezzotti
Summary: By studying the formation of jarosite within the Talos Dome ice core in East Antarctica, it was found that the process occurs in deep ice layers and may provide insights into the formation mechanisms of jarosite on Mars.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jesus M. Jaquez-Dominguez, Roberto Galvan-Madrid, Jacopo Fritz, Manuel Zamora-Aviles, Peter Camps, Gustavo Bruzual, Maarten Baes, Yuxin Lin, Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni
Summary: A direct comparison between hydrodynamical simulations and observations is necessary for improving the models and testing their biases. By applying the SKIRT radiative-transfer code to simulations of a star-forming cloud, and analyzing the synthetic observations using traditional methods, we found that additional interstellar radiation is necessary in the early stages of the simulation. The morphological evolution of the cloud continues for about 8 Myr due to the expansion of H ii regions and the creation of various structures.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qiangjian Gao, Xuhang Xiao, Zhiyuan Suo, Fang Long, Fengman Shen
Summary: Pulverized coal blending with iron-bearing dust injection technology in blast furnace iron-making process can effectively utilize the iron-bearing dust. This study focused on the co-flow property, thermal reactivity, and unburned coal distribution in the blast furnace. It was found that the blends of pulverized coal and iron-bearing dust can be smoothly transported and accelerate the combustion process. The addition of iron-bearing dust improved the comprehensive combustibility, ignition, and burnout of the coal. The combustion activation energy decreased after adding the iron-bearing dust, and the accumulation of unburned coal in the blast furnace decreased.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick Chazette, Alexandre Baron, Cyrille Flamant
Summary: During the EUREC4A field campaign, 20 ATR-42 scientific flights were conducted over the tropical Atlantic, off the coast of Barbados, with the use of a sideway-pointing lidar to retrieve the optical properties of aerosols in the sub-cloud layer and below the trade wind inversion. The study identified two distinct periods with significant aerosol contents related to trade wind and tropical regimes, highlighting the mixings of dust and carbonaceous aerosols from West Africa. The aerosol vertical structures were well reproduced using atmospheric composition reanalyses from CAMS when compared with lidar-derived vertical profiles.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siying Lian, Luxi Zhou, Daniel M. Murphy, Karl D. Froyd, Owen B. Toon, Pengfei Yu
Summary: Dust aerosols have a significant impact on the radiative and energy balance at local and global scales. This study improves the simulated size distribution of dust aerosol and finds that North African, Middle Eastern, and Asian dust contribute the most to global dust emissions, with Asian dust dominating the dust mass budget in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sergio Rodriguez, Joseph M. Prospero, Jessica Lopez-Darias, Maria-Isabel Garcia-Alvarez, Paquita Zuidema, Silvia Nava, Franco Lucarelli, Cassandra J. Gaston, Luis Galindo, Elisa Sosa
Summary: The study revealed variations in the solubility of iron from African dust outbreaks in different regions, with sources primarily from dust, heavy fuel oil combustion emissions, and atmospheric processing. During the westward transport across the Atlantic, the contribution of iron from dust decreased, while the contribution from atmospheric processing increased.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenping Yin, Fan Yi, Yun He, Fuchao Liu, Changming Yu, Yunpeng Zhang, Wei Wang
Summary: The study analyzed the impact of Asian dust on middle cloud ice formation, finding significant influences on heterogeneous ice formation and a high association between dust-related heterogeneous ice formation and polluted dust. Furthermore, comparisons of aerosol loadings at two different continental sites suggest that sulfate, black carbon, and organic carbon may not be effective ice nuclei under dust-free conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Santos Mulholland, Pascal Flament, Jeroen de Jong, Nadine Mattielli, Karine Deboudt, Guillaume Dhont, Eugene Bychkov
Summary: The study investigated changes in iron solubility and isotopic composition during atmospheric processing of industrial ash, revealing both kinetic and equilibrium isotope effects. Iron dissolution during different time scales may release Fe with varied isotope compositions, potentially altering the original soluble Fe isotope signature.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Akinori Ito, Takuma Miyakawa
Summary: Atmospheric iron from various sources, including human activities, rocks, and fires, has impacts on ocean fertilization, climate change, and human health. However, the attribution of iron-laden aerosols to specific sources remains uncertain. This study investigates the large uncertainties in model estimates by considering different iron emissions from metal production. The results suggest that accurate representation of aerosol iron from metal production is crucial for reducing uncertainties in bioaccessible iron deposition fluxes to the Southern Ocean.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Akinori Ito, Takuma Miyakawa
Summary: Atmospheric iron from various sources has implications for ocean fertilization, climate change, and human health risk. However, there are significant uncertainties in determining the sources of iron-laden aerosols. This study investigates these uncertainties using different emissions from metal production. The findings highlight the importance of accurately representing aerosol iron from metal production to reduce uncertainties in iron deposition fluxes to the Southern Ocean.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Annette K. Miltenberger, Paul R. Field
Summary: The formation of ice in clouds is a crucial process in mixed-phase and ice-phase clouds, and different representations of ice formation can have impacts on cloud field properties such as hydrometeor number concentration, precipitation rates, and radiation. The sensitivity of cloud properties to the formulation of ice formation processes is greater than that to initial conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Juan Carlos Gomez Martin, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Carlos A. Cuevas, Alex R. Baker, Rafael P. Fernandez
Summary: We have compiled and analyzed a comprehensive data set of field observations of iodine speciation in marine aerosol. The soluble iodine content in fine aerosol is mainly composed of soluble organic iodine and iodide, while the coarse fraction is predominantly iodate. SOI fraction shows an equatorial maximum and minima coinciding with the ocean deserts, indicating a link between soluble iodine speciation in aerosol and ocean productivity. Among major aerosol ions, organic anions and non-sea-salt sulfates are positively correlated with SOI in fine aerosol. Alkali cations are positively correlated with iodate and negatively correlated with SOI and iodide in coarse aerosol.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yangmei Zhang, Xiaoye Zhang, Junting Zhong, Junying Sun, Xiaojing Shen, Zhouxiang Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Yaqiang Wang, Linlin Liang, Yusi Liu, Xinyao Hu, Ming He, Yijun Pang, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Zongbo Shi
Summary: Regional transport is a major contributor to carbonaceous aerosol in Chinese megacities. This study focused on quantifying the sources of carbonaceous aerosol in a rural area in Northern China and found that fossil fuel combustion was the dominant source during heavy pollution events. The emissions of solid fuel carbonaceous aerosols from rural areas can impact the air quality in downwind cities, emphasizing the importance of transitioning to cleaner energy sources.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jingjie Lin, Michael D. Krom, Fenfang Wang, Peng Cheng, Qibiao Yu, Nengwang Chen
Summary: Storms in river-estuary systems can cause significant changes in hydrology and nutrient fluxes from land to the coastal ocean. However, the specific impacts of storms on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in river-estuary continuum are still not well understood. This study conducted continuous observations during a storm event in the Jiulong River, China, and found that increased river discharge led to changes in particle distribution, estuarine turbidity maximum, and the levels of SPM and inorganic nitrogen. The additional DIN was mainly derived from resuspended sediments and catchment runoff.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Lou-Anne Chevrollier, Joseph M. Cook, Laura Halbach, Hans Jakobsen, Liane G. Benning, Alexandre M. Anesio, Martyn Tranter
Summary: This study investigates the impact of snow and ice algae on the albedo of glacier and ice-sheet surfaces using empirical data and a radiative transfer model. It finds that ice algae have a higher absorption capacity, but their blooms have a comparable impact on surface albedo due to different light conditions. Reconstructing the effect of ice algae on bare ice, the study shows that blooms can locally reduce the albedo by 3 to 43%, equivalent to 1-10 L m(-2) of melted ice per day. Future studies can explore biological albedo reduction and algal quantification using remote sensing imagery.
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
James A. Bradley, Christopher B. Trivedi, Matthias Winkel, Rey Mourot, Stefanie Lutz, Catherine Larose, Christoph Keuschnig, Eva Doting, Laura Halbach, Athanasios Zervas, Alexandre M. Anesio, Liane G. Benning
Summary: Glacier and ice sheet surfaces are home to diverse microbial communities that influence biogeochemical cycles and ice melting. Using molecular analyses and incubations, this study found that a high proportion of active bacteria are present on snow and ice surfaces, even when frozen. These findings have important implications for understanding the impact of climate change on polar regions and for studying potential life on icy worlds, emphasizing the need for a better understanding of microbial activity on glacier surfaces.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingjie Lin, Anyi Hu, Fenfang Wang, Yiguo Hong, Michael D. Krom, Nengwang Chen
Summary: Storms in subtropical regions like S.E. China have significant impacts on the fluxes of anthropogenic N species from rivers to the coast. Through continuous observations during a storm event in June 2019, it was found that the flux of N greatly increased in the upper Jiulong River Estuary. Additionally, the composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea changed during the storm, with the dominance of riverine genus Nitrosotenuis.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Shunan Feng, Joseph Mitchell Cook, Alexandre Magno Anesio, Liane. G. G. Benning, Martyn Tranter
Summary: Albedo is an important factor affecting solar radiation absorption on ice surfaces. Satellite measurements show a general decrease in albedo on the Greenland ice sheet, particularly in the Dark Zone (albedo < 0.45). This study used a combination of Landsat 4-8 and Sentinel 2 imagery to derive the longest record of albedo variations in the Dark Zone from 1984 to 2020. By developing a sensor transformation method, the researchers obtained consistent and harmonized satellite imagery. The results indicate an expansion of the Dark Zone and a decrease in albedo over time.
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Birk Fritsch, Andreas Koerner, Thais Couasnon, Roberts Blukis, Mehran Taherkhani, Liane G. Benning, Michael P. M. Jank, Erdmann Spiecker, Andreas Hutzler
Summary: Advanced in situ techniques based on electrons and X-rays are increasingly used for studying fundamental processes in liquids, but ionizing radiation can alter the solution chemistry. In this study, we show that a decrease in pH induced by radiation does not necessarily correspond to an increase in acidity. We introduce alternative measures of acidity (radiolytic acidity pi* and radiolytic ion product K (W)*) that consider the radiation-induced changes in both H+ and OH- concentration.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Laura Halbach, Lou-Anne Chevrollier, Joseph M. Cook, Ian T. Stevens, Martin Hansen, Alexandre M. Anesio, Liane G. Benning, Martyn Tranter
Summary: The surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet is darkening, accelerating its melt. The role of glacier ice algae in reducing surface albedo is acknowledged but poorly quantified, and the feedbacks between the algae and the weathering crust are not well understood. The letter summarises recent advances and identifies three key research priorities to better understand and forecast algal-driven melt.
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Ingeborg J. Klarenberg, Christoph Keuschnig, Alejandro Salazar, Liane G. Benning, Oddur Vilhelmsson
Summary: Mosses are important colonizing organisms after glacier retreat and can accumulate nutrients through N-2 fixation. The development of moss-microbe interactions during succession is poorly understood, but relevant for understanding the impact of climate change and glacier retreat. In this study, we investigated the bacterial communities associated with two moss species and the underlying soil along a successional gradient in Iceland. We found that moss traits, such as carbon content and moisture, influenced the bacterial community structure, while moss N-2 fixation rates were determined by bacterial community composition.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alice Paskin, Thais Couasnon, Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Sergey S. Lobanov, Roberts Blukis, Stefan Reinsch, Liane G. G. Benning
Summary: In this study, the nucleation and crystallization processes of vivianite were investigated. The formation of an intermediate amorphous phase and its transformation to crystalline vivianite were monitored. The results reveal that water molecules and ions play a crucial role in the nonclassical hydration-induced nucleation and transformation mechanism of vivianite.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thais Couasnon, Birk Fritsch, Michael P. M. Jank, Roberts Blukis, Andreas Hutzler, Liane G. G. Benning
Summary: Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy (LP-TEM) allows for in situ observations of materials in liquids with high resolution. The irradiation in LP-TEM alters the chemistry of the aqueous solution, affecting the observed reactions. By using goethite's morphological changes as a marker, the influence of radiation on solution chemistry is evaluated. The results provide insights into the interplay between redox reactions and acidity during radiation-induced chemical changes in LP-TEM, opening up new perspectives in studying dissolution processes in various settings.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marie Bolander Jensen, Laura Perini, Laura Halbach, Hans Jakobsen, Lumi Haraguchi, Sofia Ribeiro, Martyn Tranter, Liane Benning, Alexandre Anesio
Summary: Cultures of Ancylonema sp. were successfully established and maintained for up to 2 years by optimizing growth media and parameters. The genetic diversity of these cultures was found to be rich, and they were confirmed to belong to the same clade as A. nordenskioldii and A. alaskanum. Despite successful growth and long-term maintenance, laboratory settings can be further improved for optimal growth conditions.
Article
Microbiology
Ate H. Jaarsma, Katie Sipes, Athanasios Zervas, Francisco Campuzano Jimenez, Lea Ellegaard-Jensen, Mariane S. Thogersen, Peter Stougaard, Liane G. Benning, Martyn Tranter, Alexandre M. Anesio
Summary: The microbiome of Greenland Ice Sheet supraglacial habitats was investigated using a combination of culturing-dependent and -independent approaches. The study found that high-throughput sequencing provided insights into dominant community members, while isolates obtained through culturing did not represent these dominant taxa. The study also demonstrated the usefulness of metagenome SSU rRNA genes in reflecting overall community diversity.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Steele, L. G. Benning, R. Wirth, A. Schreiber, T. Araki, F. M. McCubbin, M. D. Fries, L. R. Nittler, J. Wang, L. J. Hallis, P. G. Conrad, C. Conley, S. Vitale, A. C. O'Brien, V. Riggi, K. Rogers
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2022)
