Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hongru Shen, Defeng Zhao, Iida Pullinen, Sungah Kang, Luc Vereecken, Hendrik Fuchs, Ismail-Hakki Acir, Ralf Tillmann, Franz Rohrer, Juergen Wildt, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Andreas Wahner, Thomas F. Mentel
Summary: The study investigated the formation of gas-phase highly oxygenated organic molecules-organic nitrates (HOM-ON) from NO3-initiated oxidation of beta-pinene in the SAPHIR chamber. Results showed a mean molar yield of HOM-ON at 4.8%, with significant contributions to SOA formation, highlighting the importance of carbonylnitrates in the process.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Baki Hazer, Tina Modjinou, Valerie Langlois, Melahat Goktas, Fulya Tasci, Richard D. Ashby, Baozhong Zhang
Summary: A novel macro intermediate based on PHBHHx was synthesized and used in the copolymerization with DMAEMA. A dihydroxy terminated polyester was prepared by reacting methyl amino ethanol with PHBHHx. The hydroxyl ends of the obtained PHBHHx derivatives were capped with 4,4'-azobis cyanopentanoic acid to obtain PHBHHx macroazo initiator (PHBHHx-AI) for free radical copolymerization of DMAEMA at 70(o)C. The synthesized block copolymer showed a steady increase in DMAEMA units as a function of time. The block copolymers were characterized using (1)H NMR, FTIR, DSC and TGA techniques.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Tian, Juan Dang
Summary: Methyl chavicol, a BVOC emitted in large quantities from plants, undergoes atmospheric oxidation processes initiated by OH and NO3 radicals, leading to the formation of highly oxidized multifunctional products that contribute significantly to SOA formation. The study clarifies the formation mechanisms of these products and highlights the potential impact of methyl chavicol photo-oxidation on atmospheric chemistry and SOA formation.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Zhang, HaiJun Ji, Hui Yang, Jie Yu, Jiaqi Wang, Liqun Zhang, Xinxin Zhou, Runguo Wang
Summary: Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (RATRP) was used to synthesize poly(dimethyl itaconate) (PDMI) with high Mn, monomer conversion rate, and low dispersity using an AIBME/CuBr2/dNbpy system. The initiator AIBME showed higher initiation efficiency than AIBN, and the properties of PDMI varied at different temperatures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kelvin H. Bates, Guy J. P. Burke, James D. Cope, Tran B. Nguyen
Summary: The reaction of alpha-pinene with NO3 is important for the removal of alpha-pinene and NO3 at night, and it may have significant implications for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Douglas A. Day, Juliane L. Fry, Hyun Gu Kang, Jordan E. Krechmer, Benjamin R. Ayres, Natalie Keehan, Samantha L. Thompson, Weiwei Hu, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jason C. Schroder, Harald Stark, Marla P. DeVault, Paul J. Ziemann, Kyle J. Zarzana, Robert J. Wild, William P. Dube, Steven S. Brown, Jose L. Jimenez
Summary: Dark chamber experiments were conducted to study the formation of SOA from the oxidation of alpha-pinene and Delta-carene. The results showed that the SOA mass yields were strongly dependent on available OA mass and absorptive partitioning to OA. There was a marked difference in SOA yield between the two precursors, suggesting that the chemical mechanism needs to distinguish among different monoterpenes in order to accurately model SOA production in forested regions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bellamy Brownwood, Avtandil Turdziladze, Thorsten Hohaus, Rongrong Wu, Thomas F. Mentel, Philip T. M. Carlsson, Epameinondas Tsiligiannis, Mattias Hallquist, Stefanie Andres, Luisa Hantschke, David Reimer, Franz Rohrer, Ralf Tillmann, Benjamin Winter, Jonathan Liebmann, Steven S. Brown, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Anna Novelli, Hendrik Fuchs, Juliane L. Fry
Summary: Alkyl nitrate and secondary organic aerosol are generated from the reaction of nitrate radicals with isoprene, with observed yield and characteristics determined through experiments conducted under various reaction conditions.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Gamal Zain, Maria Buckova, Katarina Mosnackova, Jana Dohanosova, Alena Opalkova Siskova, Matej Micusik, Angela Kleinova, Peter Matus, Jaroslav Mosnacek
Summary: This study reports a modification of cotton fabric surface using surface-initiated oxygen-tolerant photochemically induced atom transfer radical polymerization to impart antibacterial properties. By optimizing the reaction conditions, cotton-grafted-QPDMAEMA with high antibacterial efficiency and good laundry resistance was successfully produced. The modified fabric showed no significant deterioration in mechanical properties while maintaining high antibacterial performance.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Alberto Rodriguez-Gomez, Fernando Dorado, Antonio de Lucas-Consuegra, Ana Raquel de la Osa
Summary: In this study, the mechanism of ethanol electrochemical reforming on bimetallic PtRu/C catalyst was investigated at 80 degrees C in a proton exchange membrane cell. The existence of the ethyl acetate pathway in acid media was reported for the first time, along with evaluation of possible chemical routes involved in the ethanol oxidation reaction. Different reactant compositions were explored through chronopotentiometry and open circuit voltage essays to study each pathway individually, with ethyl acetate found to follow a non-electrocatalytic mechanism leading to over-faradaic hydrogen production.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Satyajit Dey Baruah, Ramesh Chandra Deka, Nand Kishor Gour, Subrata Paul
Summary: The study investigated the primary gas-phase reactions of emitted saturated and unsaturated ethers with oxidants and secondary reactions of product radicals with O-2 in the presence of NO. The research focused on the OH-initiated oxidation of isopropenyl methyl ether (i-PME) using density functional theory, revealing that OH-addition reactions are more favorable and have faster reaction rates compared to H-abstraction reactions. The total rate constant of the reaction and the branching ratio were calculated, and the products from the secondary oxidation were identified.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marla P. DeVault, Anna C. Ziola, Paul J. Ziemann
Summary: Biogenic sources, particularly monoterpenes, are the main contributors to volatile organic compound (VOCs) emissions to the atmosphere. The reaction between monoterpenes and oxidants (such as OH radicals, NO3 radicals, or O-3) leads to the formation of oxidized products, some of which can form secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles. This study investigates the reaction between NO3 radicals and five different monoterpenes, comparing their gas- and particle-phase products. The results provide insights into the role of molecular structure in VOC oxidation and particle-phase accretion reactions.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yuzhen Lou, Damien Schapman, Dimitri Mercier, Stephane Alexandre, Fabrice Burel, Pascal Thebault, Nasreddine Kebir
Summary: The successful photo-polymerization of N-[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-N-butylammonium iodide from native and thiolated PDMS surface, in the presence of benzophenone, resulted in highly hydrophilic surfaces with effective bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gai Shi, Jinou Song
Summary: An exhaustive and theoretical analysis has been conducted for the reactions of CH3SCH3 + HOO· and CH3CH2SCH3 + HOO· using quantum chemistry theory. The study revealed that the hydrogen abstraction channels from the -CH3 and -CH2 groups are the major reaction pathways at low temperatures, but the CH3-transfer channels become competitive with increasing temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rachid Khrifou, Rachid Touir, Amine Koulou, Habib El Bakri, Mohamed Rbaa, Mohamed Ebn Touhami, Abdelkader Zarrouk, Fouad Benhiba
Summary: The study found that IMDZ-B can effectively inhibit brass corrosion at low concentrations in sulfuric acid medium, with an inhibition efficiency of up to 91.02%. Electrochemical experiments showed that a denser protective film is formed on the brass surface with increasing inhibitor concentration. Additionally, IMDZ-B exhibits better inhibition performance at higher temperatures and longer immersion times.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Peng, Chenjuan Deng, Ting Lei, Jun Zheng, Jun Zhao, Dongbin Wang, Zhijun Wu, Lin Wang, Yan Chen, Mingyuan Liu, Jingkun Jiang, Anpei Ye, Maofa Ge, Weigang Wang
Summary: Atmospheric nanoparticles play a crucial role in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and have significant impacts on visibility, climate, and human health. Advanced experimental techniques have been developed to monitor and characterize the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric nanoparticles, providing insights into their formation and growth processes.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huihui Kang, Xiaona Shang, Munira Abdumutallip, Yunqian Chen, Ling Li, Xiaofei Wang, Chunlin Li, Huiling Ouyang, Xu Tang, Lin Wang, Yinon Rudich, Jianmin Chen
Summary: This study successfully reduced the uncertainties in the measurement of optical properties of CAs and obtained stable and reliable optical data by using a modified concentration enrichment system integrated into optical instruments. The study found that CAs in Shanghai have a high absorption coefficient, and brown carbon (BrC) contributes significantly to light absorption.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shengnan Zhu, Chao Yan, Jun Zheng, Chen Chen, Heshan Ning, Dongsen Yang, Ming Wang, Yan Ma, Junlei Zhan, Chenjie Hua, Rujing Yin, Yuyang Li, Yongchun Liu, Jingkun Jiang, Lei Yao, Lin Wang, Markku Kulmala, Douglas R. Worsnop
Summary: The concentration levels of alkaline gases including NH3, amines, amides, and imines were found to be high during the winter of 2018 in urban Beijing. Source apportionment analysis identified gasoline-powered vehicles, diesel-powered vehicles, septic system emission, soil emission, and combustion-related sources as the main emission sources. Motor vehicle exhausts not only contribute to air pollution but also promote new particle formation. Septic system emission was found to be the main contributor to background NH3, while soil emission and combustion-related sources were the major causes of PM2.5 buildup.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yonghong Wang, Yongjing Ma, Chao Yan, Lei Yao, Runlong Cai, Shuying Li, Zhuohui Lin, Xiujuan Zhao, Rujing Yin, Chenjuan Deng, Juha Kangasluoma, Xu-Cheng He, Simo Hakala, Xiaolong Fan, Siyu Chen, Qingxin Ma, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petaejae, Jinyuan Xin, Lin Wang, Baoxian Liu, Weigang Wang, Maofa Ge, Jingkun Jiang, Yongchun Liu, Federico Bianchi, Biwu Chu, Neil M. Donahue, Scot T. Martin, Hong He, Markku Kulmala
Summary: New particle formation (NPF) is a global phenomenon that affects climate and contributes to haze, impacting human health. In Beijing, NPF occurs surprisingly during haze days due to high levels of sulfuric acid dimers. The mixing of sulfur dioxide from the residual layer enhances ground level sulfuric acid dimer formation, bridging a gap in understanding NPF in polluted atmospheres.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kedong Gong, Jianpeng Ao, Kejian Li, Le Liu, Yangyang Liu, Guanjun Xu, Tao Wang, Hanyun Cheng, Zimeng Wang, Xiuhui Zhang, Haoran Wei, Christian George, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Hartmut Herrmann, Lin Wang, Jianmin Chen, Minbiao Ji, Liwu Zhang, Joseph S. Francisco
Summary: This study used stimulated Raman scattering microscopy to visualize the three-dimensional pH distribution inside microdroplets of varying sizes. It found that the surface of all microdroplets is more acidic, and observed a decreasing pH trend from center to edge in small aerosol microdroplets. However, pH distribution differed in larger cloud microdroplets.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Chen, Chenjuan Deng, Ting Lei, Junling Li, Chaofan Lian, Yiran Li, Jun Zheng, Jun Zhao, Dongbin Wang, Zhijun Wu, Lin Wang, Lei Li, Hong Li, Jian Gao, Jingkun Jiang, Maofa Ge, Weigang Wang
Summary: By using a custom-made Nanoparticle Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (NPCIMS), we conducted comprehensive field measurements of the size-resolved chemical composition of atmospheric nanoparticles in the size range from 10 to 100 nm. The quantification results showed that CHO organics accounted for around 80% of the newly formed particles in the growth process with diameters from 10 to 25 nm. In contrast to previous observations in urban Mexico, the growth of newly formed particles in urban Beijing was dominated by ammonium, sulfate, and organic components in the size-resolved modes (10-25 nm) during springtime.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xueyan Yang, Siman Ren, Yuwei Wang, Gan Yang, Yueyang Li, Chuang Li, Lihong Wang, Lei Yao, Lin Wang
Summary: In this study, a Long Time-of-Flight Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LToF-CIMS) combined with a Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO) was used to analyze ambient particulate samples collected in Shanghai in the summer of 2021. The molecular formulas and thermograms of organic compounds were investigated, and the saturation vapor pressures of low- and semivolatile components of ambient organic aerosols were estimated. A hierarchical cluster analysis and classification were conducted to classify all compounds into multiple groups based on similarity calculation. Parametrizations between volatility and elemental composition were derived for each group, and relationships between the parameters and the mean O:C were established to achieve a volatility-molecular formula parametrization with the O:C as a key input. The study showed a better predictive performance for low-volatile organic compounds compared to previous molecular formula-based methods.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yijing Wang, Rong Wang, Katsumasa Tanaka, Philippe Ciais, Josep Penuelas, Yves Balkanski, Jordi Sardans, Didier Hauglustaine, Wang Liu, Xiaofan Xing, Jiarong Li, Siqing Xu, Yuankang Xiong, Ruipu Yang, Junji Cao, Jianmin Chen, Lin Wang, Xu Tang, Renhe Zhang
Summary: China aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, requiring a significant increase in the capacity of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power. However, current projections indicate that the capacity will only reach a level of 5-9.5 PWh/year by 2060. Through optimized deployment of PV and wind power plants, coupled with advanced transmission and energy storage technologies, the capacity can be increased to 15 PWh/year, accompanied by a substantial reduction in the cost of carbon abatement. To achieve this, the annual investment in PV and wind power needs to ramp up significantly over the coming decades.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiaojing Zhu, Fan Yang, Zhen Li, Mingliang Fang, Suping Ma, Ting Zhang, Cunlin Li, Qiulei Guo, Xiaoping Wang, Gan Zhang, Rong Ji, Andreas Schaeffer, Xiaofei Wang, Xingnan Ye, Yingjun Chen, Lin Wang, Jianmin Chen, Baoshan Xing, Zimeng Wang, Jan Schwarzbauer
Summary: Permafrost in the polar regions stores large amounts of halogenated organic chemicals, and the release of these chemicals due to thawing permafrost poses a global concern. A study conducted on permafrost soils from the Tibetan Plateau reveals a substantial stock of halogenated organic chemicals, with a high proportion of physically entrapped residues. These findings highlight the potential risks that Tibetan Plateau permafrost poses to local ecosystems in a warming climate.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Di Wu, Haotian Zheng, Qing Li, Shuxiao Wang, Bin Zhao, Ling Jin, Rui Lyu, Shengyue Li, Yuzhe Liu, Xiu Chen, Fenfen Zhang, Qingru Wu, Tonghao Liu, Jingkun Jiang, Lin Wang, Xiangdong Li, Jianmin Chen, Jiming Hao
Summary: This article proposes a health-oriented air pollution control strategy that takes into account the varying toxicities of PMs from different sources. Compared to the current mass-based control strategy, the health-oriented strategy can significantly reduce exposure risks and has lower costs in polluting industries in China.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ruoyu Zhang, Xiaohui Lu, Lin Wang, Jianmin Chen, Da-Ren Chen, Xiaofei Wang
Summary: Reducing aerosol transmission is effective in preventing the spread of respiratory diseases like COVID-19, but many people prefer not to wear masks due to discomfort. In this study, it is found that over 95% of respiratory aerosols are electrically charged. Based on this finding, a low-cost respiratory aerosol capturer is designed to remove these charged aerosols efficiently, which outperforms existing air purifiers and costs less than 10% of them. This tool offers a great solution for combating respiratory diseases and has the potential to save many lives, especially for low-income individuals.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaojuan Huang, Zhe Liu, Yanzhen Ge, Qing Li, Xiaofei Wang, Hongbo Fu, Jian Zhu, Bin Zhou, Lin Wang, Christian George, Yan Wang, Xinfeng Wang, Jixin Su, Likun Xue, Shaocai Yu, Abdewahid Mellouki, Jianmin Chen
Summary: This study reveals that elevated aerosol water content and particles from fossil fuel combustion play a synergistic role in the rapid formation of sulfate and SOAs during winter in northern China. The presence of high aerosol water content promotes the aging process of particles containing EC and facilitates the formation of SOAs. The study also highlights the increased potential for SOA formation from POAs originating from fossil fuel combustion under high humidity conditions.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhe Liu, Bao Zhu, Chao Zhu, Ting Ruan, Jiarong Li, Hui Chen, Qing Li, Xiaofei Wang, Lin Wang, Yujing Mu, Jeffrey Collett Jr., Christian George, Yan Wang, Xinfeng Wang, Jixin Su, Shaocai Yu, Abdewahid Mellouki, Jianmin Chen, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study explores the transformation of nitrogenous organic compounds during cloud processes and proposes a hypothesis about their formation mechanism. The results demonstrate the significant role of cloud processes in the formation of nitrogenous organic compounds.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yizhen Wu, Juntao Huo, Gan Yang, Yuwei Wang, Lihong Wang, Shijian Wu, Lei Yao, Qingyan Fu, Lin Wang
Summary: During a 2021 summer campaign in a suburban area of Shanghai, China, the atmospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) concentration and production were measured. It was found that secondary production accounted for a significant portion of HCHO, with alkenes being key precursors. The study highlighted the importance of secondary pollution in the suburban areas of Shanghai.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Yan, Yicheng Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Lubna Dada, Ximeng Qi, Simo Hakala, Anu-Maija Sundstrom, Yishuo Guo, Antti Lipponen, Tom Kokkonen, Jenni Kontkanen, Runlong Cai, Jing Cai, Tommy Chan, Liangduo Chen, Biwu Chu, Chenjuan Deng, Wei Du, Xiaolong Fan, Xu-Cheng He, Juha Kangasluoma, Joni Kujansuu, Mona Kurppa, Chang Li, Yiran Li, Zhuohui Lin, Yiliang Liu, Yuliang Liu, Yiqun Lu, Wei Nie, Jouni Pulliainen, Xiaohui Qiao, Yonghong Wang, Yifan Wen, Ye Wu, Gan Yang, Lei Yao, Rujing Yin, Gen Zhang, Shaojun Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Ying Zhou, Antti Arola, Johanna Tamminen, Pauli Paasonen, Yele Sun, Lin Wang, Neil M. Donahue, Yongchun Liu, Federico Bianchi, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Douglas R. Worsnop, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petaja, Aijun Ding, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala
Summary: This study found that during lockdown, atmospheric new particle formation activity was mainly influenced by particle growth rates rather than traffic emissions. The clustering process was unaffected by traffic emissions, but an increase in particle growth rates enhanced new particle formation activity.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
