Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 162, Issue -, Pages 374-380Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.012
Keywords
Hydrocarbon group; Silica fractionation; Soil respiration; Kinetic luminescent bacteria test; Length heterogeneity polymerase chain; reaction (LH-PCR)
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Funding
- Academy of Finland
- University of Helsinki
- Ekokem Oy
- MUTKU ry
- Maa- ja vesitekniikan tuki ry
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Horizontal and vertical contaminant gradients in an old landfarming field for oil refinery waste were characterised with the aim to assess parallel changes in hydrocarbon groups and general, microbiological and ecotoxicological soil characteristics. In the surface soil polar compounds were the most prevalent fraction of heptane-extractable hydrocarbons, superseding GC-FID-resolvable and high-molar-mass aliphatics and aromatics, but there was no indication of their relatively higher mobility or toxicity. The size of the polar fraction correlated poorly with soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties, which were better explained by the total heptane-extractable and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). Deleterious effects on soil microbiology in situ were observed at surprisingly low TPH concentrations (0.3%). Due to the accumulation of polar and complexed degradation products, TPH seems an insufficient measure to assess the quality and monitor the remediation of soil with weathered hydrocarbon contamination. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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