Journal
ENTROPY
Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 370-389Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/e14020370
Keywords
waste heat; renewable energy; subcritical cycle; trans-critical cycle; R134a; R141b
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Hydro Quebec
- Rio Tinto Alcan
- Canmet Energy Research Center of Natural Resources Canada
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A numerical model of subcritical and trans-critical power cycles using a fixed-flowrate low-temperature heat source has been validated and used to calculate the combinations of the maximum cycle pressure (P-ev) and the difference between the source temperature and the maximum working fluid temperature (DT) which maximize the thermal efficiency (eta(th)) or minimize the non-dimensional exergy losses (beta), the total thermal conductance of the heat exchangers (UA(t)) and the turbine size (SP). Optimum combinations of P-ev and DT were calculated for each one of these four objective functions for two working fluids (R134a, R141b), three source temperatures and three values of the non-dimensional power output. The ratio of UA(t) over the net power output (which is a first approximation of the initial cost per kW) shows that R141b is the better working fluid for the conditions under study.
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