Article
Energy & Fuels
E. Zhitao, Huajun Guo, Jiexi Wang, Zhixing Wang, Xiaoli Yi, Erwei Tan, Xinhai Li, Guochun Yan
Summary: Overcharge is a common cause of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries, resulting in personal injury and property loss. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanism of overcharge and improve overcharge safety by focusing on battery materials. In this study, the combination of Al doping and Al2O3 coating is applied to LiCoO2 cathode materials in pouch-type full cells. The results show that only the cells using LiCoO2 with both Al doping and Al2O3 coating pass the overcharge test. In-situ X-ray diffraction and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry results reveal that the structural instability of LiCoO2 and the violent interfacial reaction play crucial roles in thermal runaway.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zonghou Huang, Jialong Liu, Hongju Zhai, Qingsong Wang
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and mechanism of thermal runaway (TR) and its propagation in lithium-ion batteries induced by overcharging and overheating. Results show that TR induced by overcharging is more severe than that induced by overheating, with a constant critical thermal energy for fully charged batteries.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dongxu Ouyang, Jingwen Weng, Mingyi Chen, Yu Zhu, Jian Wang, Zhirong Wang
Summary: This study compares and analyzes the safety performance of two new-format cells (22650 and 26650) and the traditional 18650 cells in over-heating and overcharge tests, as well as evaluates their electrochemical characteristics through long-term cycling tests. The results show that the larger-sized cell exhibits gentler thermal runaway behaviors during over-heating, with longer time and higher temperature for thermal runaway. The fully charged 26650 cell demonstrates better thermal safety performance than the 18650 and 22650 cells in over-heating tests. It also exhibits superior safety performance during overcharging and promising electrochemical features with larger capacity and less degradation over long-term cycling, compared to the 18650 and 22650 cells.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hao Li, Lijun Fu, Xinlin Long, Lang Liu, Ziqing Zeng
Summary: The overcharge behavior of high-power lithium-ion batteries with Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O-2 as the cathode at different current rates is studied in this work. It is found that overcharge at current rates below 3 C does not lead to uncontrollable combustion and explosion. The peak voltage of the battery increases and the power it can receive before the battery ruptures decreases as the charge current rates increase. In addition, the internal heat production is mainly contributed by side reactions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yan-li Zhu, Cong-jie Wang, Fei Gao, Ming-xin Shan, Peng-long Zhao, Qing-fen Meng, Qi-bing Wu
Summary: This study investigated the evolution of thermal runaway of prismatic lithium-ion batteries under overcharge conditions. The results showed that the process can be divided into expansion, rupture, and combustion stages, with similar burst temperatures at different charge rates. Additionally, the study identified three key factors influencing combustion during overcharge.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mengjie Yang, Yijun Ye, Aijun Yang, Zhiyuan Jiang, Xiaohua Wang, Huan Yuan, Mingzhe Rong
Summary: This study investigates the aging mechanism and thermal runaway behavior of aged LiFePO4 batteries induced by different degrees of slight overcharge cycling. The results reveal the interaction between the aging mechanism and TR features of slightly overcharged LIBs, providing valuable information for battery safety design and early warning of TR.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Abdelaziz A. Abd-EI-Latif, Peter Sichler, Michael Kasper, Thomas Waldmann, Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens
Summary: This paper explores the safety of Li-ion batteries by studying the behavior of aged and overcharged cells, finding that they exhibit early onset of self-heating compared to unaged cells. The novel ARC-MS setup used in the study allows for tracking both electrochemical and thermal behavior simultaneously.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peipei Xu, Junqiu Li, Nuo Lei, Feikun Zhou, Chao Sun
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of expansion force during thermal runaway process of large format lithium-ion battery under overcharge, revealing that the rupture of the battery shell is the trigger of thermal runaway event. The expansion force increases dramatically with the state of charge, reaching up to 3400 N. The early abnormal expansion of the battery is caused by lithium dendrite, lithium plating, and CO produced by incomplete electrolyte oxidation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zihan Gong, Congyu Gu, Junli Sun, Huaibing Wang, Yang Li, Xiaohui Zhou, Yizhuo Jia, Dengchao Han
Summary: Overcharge is a common trigger of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries, but the specific process and mechanism are unclear, and little research has been done on thermal runaway residues. This study investigated the thermal runaway induced by 1C overcharge in 12 Ah pouch Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 batteries and analyzed the macro characteristics, micromorphology, and phase composition of the residue. The analysis revealed severe layered electrode adhesion, damaged and ejected current collectors, and the presence of copper molten beads in the ejecta. Numerous fractures and breaks were observed in the residue cathode material particles, and new phase C, Li2CO3, LiF, MnO, NiO, Co, and Ni were found. The mechanisms and characteristics of these phenomena were discussed, which could be helpful for accident investigators.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Song Xie, Yize Gong, Xianke Ping, Jian Sun, Xiantao Chen, Yuanhua He
Summary: Overcharging can cause capacity loss and decreased safety in lithium-ion batteries, especially with increasing overcharge cycles. Overcharging leads to electrode damage and side reactions, resulting in blockage of lithium ion transport channels and degradation of chemical kinetics. These changes lead to decreased internal air pressure, delayed valve opening, and decreased thermal stability of the battery.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mengjie Yang, Mingzhe Rong, Yijun Ye, Aijun Yang, Jifeng Chu, Huan Yuan, Xiaohua Wang
Summary: This study investigates the problems of overcharging and thermal runaway in Li-ion batteries. By evaluating commercial LiFePO4 batteries and analyzing gas results, a gas-based fault diagnosis method is proposed. The results show that the temperature and pressure ranges of the cells are within certain limits, and the gas analysis indicates the proportions of CO2 and H2 exceed 30%. The overcharge-warning experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of gas detection in preventing thermal runaway and associated hazards.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chunpeng Zhao, Tinghua Wang, Zheng Huang, Jingyun Wu, Hongwei Zhou, Mina Ma, Jiajia Xu, Zhaoyu Wang, Huang Li, Jinhua Sun, Qingsong Wang
Summary: The study found that increasing SOC of the battery leads to a longer time interval from voltage drop to the onset of thermal runaway. Additionally, the initial temperature of TR for LIBs at different SOCs is similar, but the temperature decreases as SOC increases. Therefore, it is recommended to consider multiple factors in determining the TR hazards of LIBs.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tong Liu, Jian Hu, Qi Tang, Xiaolong Zhu, Xishi Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of water mist (WM) in mitigating thermal runaway (TR) induced by overcharge in large-scale lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The results demonstrate that WM can successfully suppress TR by reducing temperature increase and dissipating heat accumulation during the TR development process. This confirms the excellent cooling capacity of WM on large-scale LIBs, providing an effective countermeasure to TR hazards.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shansong Bi, Zhanglong Yu, Sheng Fang, Xueling Shen, Yi Cui, Fengling Yun, Dong Shi, Min Gao, Hang Zhang, Ling Tang, Xin Zhang, Yanyan Fang, Xiangjun Zhang
Summary: This study systematically investigates the combustion characteristics of LIBs at different charging rates. The results show that high charging rates can result in high-temperature jet flames at low state of charge, with specific maximum heat release rate and mass loss rate values. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal a correlation between the valence of sulfur and the peak heat release rate. A novel safety evaluation technique is proposed to assess the safety status of overcharging batteries.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cong-jie Wang, Yan-li Zhu, Fei Gao, Xin-ya Bu, Heng-shuai Chen, Ting Quan, Yi-bo Xu, Qing-jie Jiao
Summary: The safety evolution behavior of LiFePO4/graphite batteries with different states of health under overcharge is studied, showing that with increasing SOC, the cathode material gradually falls off and internal resistance increases. Before ISC, the degree of lithium intercalation in the anode increases and the heat release of the reaction increases, while both decrease after ISC.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)