Journal
ENERGY POLICY
Volume 37, Issue 4, Pages 1470-1478Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.006
Keywords
Electricity intensity; Sigma- and gamma-convergence; IEA/OECD countries
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Convergence in electricity intensity is analyzed among a sample of IEA countries. Sigma-convergence (the narrowing of the distribution) and to a lesser degree gamma-convergence (movement within the distribution) are detected. However, electricity intensity convergence is less dramatic than energy intensity convergence. Convergence within the end-use sectors is more diverse: in terms of the rates, timing, extent, and ultimate modal structure of the distributions. Commercial electricity intensity has more recently converged toward a bell-shape distribution. By contrast, industry electricity intensity is largely converging toward two distinct groups of countries: one with relatively high electricity intensity and another one with relatively low electricity intensity. Different still is related residential electricity consumption per capita where a small group of countries has stopped growing: another group has slowed considerably, while a third group experienced rapid growth. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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