Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Govinda R. Timilsina
Summary: Renewable energy technologies, especially solar and wind energy technologies, have experienced a rapid decline in costs over the past two decades, making them cost-competitive with fossil fuel technologies. However, there is currently no consensus on the cost competitiveness due to wide variations in factors influencing LCOEs across countries and technologies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natanael Bolson, Pedro Prieto, Tadeusz Patzek
Summary: In light of the consequences of climate change and the war in Ukraine, it is crucial to decarbonize electrical power systems globally while avoiding repeated blackouts. A comprehensive understanding of the performance and reliability of various power sources is essential for this endeavor. The capacity factor serves as a direct measure of the effectiveness and cost of power generation, enabling calculations to determine the necessary capacity to replace or expand current fossil fuel-based electricity generation using solar PV or wind power.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Carla Cristiane Sokulski, Murillo Vetroni Barros, Rodrigo Salvador, Evandro Eduardo Broday, Antonio Carlos de Francisco
Summary: The use of non-renewable energy sources increases environmental impacts. This article analyzes the trends in renewable electricity supply in the G20 countries and finds that Brazil and Canada have the largest renewable electricity matrices, while Saudi Arabia has the smallest. The countries with the highest GDP are not necessarily the largest producers of renewable electricity, and hydroelectric energy is still the dominant source. However, wind and solar energy are growing in their contribution to the electrical matrices, and other sources are showing a slow but steady increase in participation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abbas Asakereh, Mohsen Soleymani, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili
Summary: This study developed a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method for ranking renewable power generation technologies, with results indicating that solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power are the top choices in Khuzestan province, Iran.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Trieu Mai, Wesley Cole, Nathaniel Gates, Daniel Greer
Summary: The study shows that state-level clean energy policies make significant contributions to total clean energy generation nationwide and reduce power sector CO2 emissions to some extent. However, these policies often lead to increases in electricity prices and system costs, with costs being highly sensitive to the future prices of clean energy technologies.
Article
Economics
Kangoh Lee
Summary: This paper analytically studies the long-run effects of renewable portfolio standards on electricity prices and finds that the effects depend on the nature of the long-run average cost. The paper also discusses the differences between the long-run effects and the short-run effects, as well as the effects of increasing the stringency of an existing standard versus introducing a new standard.
Article
Economics
Jeffrey D. Mullen, Luran Dong
Summary: Multiple studies have examined the impact of state-level renewable portfolio standards (RPS) on renewable electricity generating capacity and found that the conclusions are not robust. The 2009 American Reinvestment and Recovery Act has had a significant, positive impact on renewable electricity generating capacity. State-level RPS are not sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the electricity sector without federal action.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Daud Abdul, Wenqi Jiang, Arsalan Tanveer
Summary: Renewable energy sources offer an efficient solution to the worldwide energy crisis and environmental issues. The assessment model prioritizes hydropower as the best option, followed by wind energy, biomass energy, and solar energy. The assessment results can assist decision-makers in Pakistan in formulating sustainable energy policies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lucas de Oliveira, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, Nagila Lucietti Schmidt, Geraldo Lucio Tiago Filho, Ramiro Gustavo Ramirez Camacho, Regina Mambeli Barros
Summary: Capturing wave power from the ocean is a renewable energy form with great potential in countries like Brazil. The study shows that a high capacity factor has a significant impact on LCOE values, making ocean wave energy a competitive option compared to photovoltaic solar energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gloria Rodriguez-Lozano, Michael Cifuentes-Yate
Summary: This study evaluates the efficiency of electricity generation from renewable and non-renewable energy sources in 126 countries from 2000 to 2016. The results show that many countries are efficient in electricity production, with Oceanian countries performing the best among evaluated countries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janak Joshi
Summary: The research evaluates the impacts of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) on renewable electricity capacity, finding that RPS adoption leads to more than a third increase in overall renewable electricity capacity. The study also reveals significant positive impacts on solar and wind capacity, with the largest impact on wind capacity, while impacts on biomass and geothermal capacity are insignificant or significantly negative. The results suggest the regional marketing possibilities of renewable energy and the importance of scaling up RPS proliferation across states.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Economics
Michael Aklin
Summary: The transition to clean energy not only involves technological and economic feasibility, but also political feasibility. Increasing consumer costs associated with renewable energy deployment could reduce public and governmental support for it.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Seyed Mohsen Hosseini, Alireza Aslani, Alibakhsh Kasaeian
Summary: This study adopts a hybrid life cycle assessment method to evaluate the energy, water, and environmental impacts of high-voltage electricity generation in Iran. The findings indicate that natural gas-fired power plants contribute the most to the life-cycle impacts of electricity generation, while wind and hydropower plants have minimal contributions. The study suggests that ensuring an adequate supply of natural gas during cold seasons can partially reduce water and environmental impacts, but increasing the share of renewable energy can significantly reduce the overall impacts.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Jisma, Vivek Mohan, Mini Shaji Thomas, Nimal M. Madhu
Summary: This paper proposes a master-slave approach to quantify, combine and balance energy-risk and cost-risk involved in a generation portfolio with renewable and fuel-based technologies. It uses multi-criteria decision-making techniques to trade-off the subjective preferences of the investor on risk, cost and emission. By combining and optimizing the efficient frontiers of energy-risk and cost-risk, the best solution is selected from the pareto-front.
Article
Economics
Cristian Villalobos, Matias Negrete-Pincetic, Nicolas Figueroa, Alvaro Lorca, Daniel Olivares
Summary: The extensive growth of variable renewable energy integration presents challenges for power systems and markets, requiring flexibility to adapt to changes. Studies on short-term market pricing schemes show the importance of including flexibility features to incentivize agents to meet systemic flexibility requirements.
Article
Thermodynamics
G. Kakoulaki, I. Kougias, N. Taylor, F. Dolci, J. Moya, A. Jager-Waldau
Summary: The study finds that in Europe, using renewable energy for water electrolysis to produce green hydrogen can effectively replace carbon-intensive hydrogen production, with the potential to achieve carbon neutrality at both regional and national levels.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rocio Gonzalez Sanchez, Ioannis Kougias, Magda Moner-Girona, Fernando Fahl, Arnulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: Africa has high solar potential but heavy reliance on hydropower, which is increasingly impacted by frequent droughts. Installing floating photovoltaics in hydropower reservoirs can provide electricity during dry periods and save water resources, ultimately meeting the growing energy needs sustainably.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Marta Victoria, Nancy Haegel, Ian Marius Peters, Ron Sinton, Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau, Carlos del Canizo, Christian Breyer, Matthew Stocks, Andrew Blakers, Izumi Kaizuka, Keiichi Komoto, Arno Smets
Summary: Solar photovoltaics (PV) technology has become a highly cost-competitive technology capable of significantly reducing CO2 emissions. However, current scenarios assessing global decarbonization pathways lack recognition of the key role this technology could play.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Masafumi Yamaguchi, Ryo Ozaki, Kyotaro Nakamura, Kan-Hua Lee, Nobuaki Kojima, Yoshio Ohshita, Taizo Masuda, Kenichi Okumura, Akinori Satou, Takashi Nakado, Kazumi Yamada, Kenji Araki, Yasuyuki Ota, Kensuke Nishioka, Tatsuya Takamoto, Yusuke Zushi, Tsutomu Tanimoto, Christian Thiel, Anastasios Tsakalidis, Arunulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: Photovoltaic (PV)-powered vehicles are expected to play a critical role in a future carbon neutral society due to their ability to reduce CO2 emissions from the transport sector. Analytical results show that improvements in shunt resistance and saturation current density of solar cell modules are necessary to develop highly efficient solar cell modules for vehicle-integrated applications. The calculations suggest that III-V-based 3-junction solar cell modules with an efficiency of more than 30% have the potential to achieve a PV-powered driving range of 30 km/day average and more than 50 km/day on a clear day.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Eero Vartiainen, Christian Breyer, David Moser, Eduardo Roman Medina, Chiara Busto, Gaetan Masson, Elina Bosch, Arnulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: Green hydrogen will be a crucial component of the future 100% sustainable energy and industrial system, with a certain proportion of solar and wind electricity being used for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. It is anticipated that by 2030 and 2050, electrolyzer capital expenditure and hydrogen costs will significantly decrease, particularly with the continuous decline in solar PV costs.
Editorial Material
Energy & Fuels
Vasilis Fthenakis, Marco Raugei, Christian Breyer, Suby Bhattacharya, Michael Carbajales-Dale, Michael Ginsberg, Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau, Enrica Leccisi, Daniel Lincot, David Murphy, Marc J. R. Perez, Parikhit Sinha, Angus Rockett, Sascha Sadewasser, Billy J. Stanbery, Richard M. Swanson, Pierre Verlinden
Summary: This paper exposes the flaws in Siebert and Rees's article and critiques their non-scientific approach to the review process. The authors selectively screen literature on challenges related to renewable energies without discussing well-documented solutions. Additionally, the paper provides a rigorous refutation of unsubstantiated personal opinions presented by Siebert and Rees.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Christian Thiel, Ana Gracia Amillo, Alessandro Tansini, Anastasios Tsakalidis, Georgios Fontaras, Ewan Dunlop, Nigel Taylor, Arnulf Jager-Waldau, Kenji Araki, Kensuke Nishioka, Yasuyuki Ota, Masafumi Yamaguchi
Summary: This study assesses the energy implications of integrated photovoltaics in different climatic regions and usage scenarios for electric vehicles. The results show that solar power generated can cover a significant proportion of the driving range, with variations between different climates. Consumer labels for solar electric vehicles considering these variations are proposed.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arman Aghahosseini, A. A. Solomon, Christian Breyer, Thomas Pregger, Sonja Simon, Peter Strachan, Arnulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: This study introduces a novel energy system modelling approach to analyze and compare global energy transition pathways for decarbonizing the electricity sector. Existing scenarios from the IEA and Teske/DLR are replicated, and new LUT scenarios are presented. The research evaluates the feasibility of each scenario across nine major regions in 5-year intervals from 2015 to 2050. Results demonstrate that LUT scenarios are the most cost-effective, while Teske/DLR scenarios prioritize energy diversity with slightly higher costs. The IEA scenario shares similarities with Teske/DLR scenarios but relies on continued use of fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage, and nuclear power.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Christian Breyer, Dmitrii Bogdanov, Manish Ram, Siavash Khalili, Eero Vartiainen, David Moser, Eduardo Roman Medina, Gaetan Masson, Arman Aghahosseini, Theophilus N. O. Mensah, Gabriel Lopez, Michael Schmela, Raffaele Rossi, Walburga Hemetsberger, Arnulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: Europe needs to accelerate its energy transition to achieve zero CO2 emissions by 2050. This study presents two new scenarios for reaching zero CO2 emissions by 2050 and 2040. The results show that the energy transition is cost-neutral and an accelerated transition can lead to lower total CO2 emissions.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
G. Kakoulaki, R. Gonzalez Sanchez, A. Gracia Amillo, S. Szabo, M. De Felice, F. Farinosi, L. De Felice, B. Bisselink, R. Seliger, I. Kougias, A. Jaeger-Waldau
Summary: This study assesses the potential of installing floating photovoltaic (FPV) on 337 hydropower reservoirs in the EU to provide renewable solar electricity and achieve water savings, aligning with the EU's goals for net zero emissions and energy self-sufficiency.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nancy M. Haegel, Pierre Verlinden, Marta Victoria, Pietro Altermatt, Harry Atwater, Teresa Barnes, Christian Breyer, Chris Case, Stefaan De Wolf, Chris Deline, Marwan Dharmrin, Bernhard Dimmler, Markus Gloeckler, Jan Christoph Goldschmidt, Brett Hallam, Sophia Haussener, Burkhard Holder, Ulrich Jaeger, Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau, Izumi Kaizuka, Hiroshi Kikusato, Benjamin Kroposki, Sarah Kurtz, Koji Matsubara, Stefan Nowak, Kazuhiko Ogimoto, Christian Peter, Ian Marius Peters, Simon Philipps, Michael Powalla, Uwe Rau, Thomas Reindl, Maria Roumpani, Keiichiro Sakurai, Christian Schorn, Peter Schossig, Rutger Schlatmann, Ron Sinton, Abdelilah Slaoui, Brittany L. Smith, Peter Schneidewind, B. J. Stanbery, Marko Topic, William Tumas, Juzer Vasi, Matthias Vetter, Eicke Weber, A. W. Weeber, Anke Weidlich, Dirk Weiss, Andreas W. Bett
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Anatoli Chatzipanagi, Arnulf Jager-Waldau
Summary: The urgency of transitioning to clean energy in the European Union is driven by both climate change concerns and reducing foreign energy dependence through local renewable resources. Solar photovoltaic electricity generation is recognized as essential, but current political ambitions do not prioritize its importance. Market trends indicate that the average EU installed capacity will not reach the necessary target by 2030. Only seven member states have a higher per capita installed capacity than the EU average.
Article
Physics, Applied
Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau
Summary: In 2022, the cumulative installed photovoltaic electricity generation capacity reached over 1 TW, ten times the level it reached in 2012. Overall investment in renewable energy increased by 16% to USD 499 billion, with solar photovoltaics accounting for 60% of the investments. The annual installations of solar photovoltaic electricity generation systems increased by about 40% to over 230 GWp in 2022.
Review
Physics, Applied
Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau
Summary: Over the past decade, photovoltaic electricity generation has become the fastest-growing power source globally, with solar energy capacity reaching new heights. The Chinese market's recovery, along with ongoing growth in Europe, the USA, and emerging markets, has been a major driver. The decreasing prices in battery storage technology have fostered the development of local storage systems for solar farms and decentralized electricity generation systems. It is evident that renewable electricity will play a crucial role in powering electric vehicles and producing green hydrogen in the future.
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Arnulf Jager-Waldau, Georgia Kakoulaki, Nigel Taylor
Summary: PV installations in the EU have significantly increased since the introduction of the first European Renewable Energy Directive in 2009, reaching over 139 GWp by the end of 2020. The European Green Deal endorsed in December 2020 brings new climate targets and opportunities/challenges for solar PV and renewable energy deployment. The lessons learned highlight the importance of legal and regulatory continuity for investor confidence, while also pointing out that only solar PV and wind sources have the market potential to help the EU achieve its strategic energy transition goals.
2021 IEEE 48TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2021)
Article
Economics
Marie-Louise Arlt, David Chassin, Claudio Rivetta, James Sweeney
Summary: This paper examines the impact of real-time pricing and load automation on residential distribution systems. The study finds that implementing real-time pricing can result in an aggregate welfare gain of 39 USD per customer and year. However, it also notes that RTP and load automation may significantly increase peak system load. Introducing a market-based demand management system can further enhance welfare gains and reduce grid investment.
Article
Economics
Javier Jorquera-Copier, Alvaro Lorca, Enzo Sauma, Stefan Lorenczik, Matias Negrete-Pincetic
Summary: As countries update their climate ambitions, low-carbon hydrogen production and use present opportunities for emissions reductions and economic development. A case study for Chile shows that integrating hydrogen and electricity networks can lower system costs and enhance renewable integration, but policy support is needed to address concerns related to water and land use.
Article
Economics
Dawit Guta, Hisham Zerriffi, Jill Baumgartner, Abhishek Jain, Sunil Mani, Darby Jack, Ellison Carter, Guofeng Shen, Jennifer Orgill-Meyer, Joshua Rosenthal, Katherine Dickinson, Rob Bailis, Yuta Masuda
Summary: Household solid fuel use is detrimental to health and the environment. The Indian government's PMUY subsidy has successfully promoted the adoption of LPG by millions of households. However, there is limited understanding of the decision-making process to reduce solid fuel use after transitioning to cleaner fuels. This study found that factors such as household wealth, social status, education level, and the prevalence of LPG use in the village are positively associated with LPG consumption and the discontinuation of solid fuel use. On the other hand, factors such as distance to LPG refill delivery, household size, and the PMUY subsidy are negatively associated with the share of LPG use.
Article
Economics
Nicolas Morell-Dameto, Jose Pablo Chaves-Avila, Tomas Gomez San Roman, Pablo Duenas-Martinez, Tim Schittekatte
Summary: This paper assesses the performance of differently implemented forward-looking network tariff designs and proposes an innovative coordination mechanism to increase predictability in a future with many flexible customers. The study reveals that if large shares of customers synchronize their responses to highly time-varying and locational-specific network charges, it can lead to unexpected reinforcements.
Article
Economics
Alexandra Gritz, Guntram Wolff
Summary: Russia's weaponization of gas supplies shook the energy security of Central and Eastern Europe in 2022. The region responded by increasing alternative energy supplies and developing new gas supply routes. Renewable energy, nuclear energy, and hydrogen play important roles in the long-term. Mitigating the impact of this shock requires the EU to prioritize the integrity of its energy market.
Article
Economics
Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Marion Collewet, Matthew DiGiuseppe, Hendrik Vrijburg
Summary: Economic costs are a major political obstacle to investing in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The method of financing plays a crucial role in determining public opposition to government green investments, with debt financing being less opposed than broad-based taxes. This study suggests that credit market tools, such as green bonds and debt for climate swaps, can be politically efficient in increasing support for green financing. Carbon taxes and wealth taxes are found to be the most preferred options.
Article
Economics
Kun Guo, Liyuan Luan, Xiaoli Cai, Dayong Zhang, Qiang Ji
Summary: This paper investigates China's energy trade stability using a survival analysis approach. It finds that the energy trade linkages between China and 153 other countries are complex and unstable, with short periods of trade with many countries. Geopolitically risky regions, such as the Middle East and Africa, have the lowest trade stability. Climate risks have significant effects on energy trade stability. The paper proposes several policy options to improve energy trade stability in China, with special attention to increasing global climate risks.
Article
Economics
Simona Bigerna, Piyush Choudhary, Nikunj Kumar Jain, Silvia Micheli, Paolo Polinori
Summary: This study estimates the willingness to pay of Indian urban consumers for a continuous supply of electricity using contingent valuation method. The findings show that the amount consumers are willing to pay depends on the duration of power outages, with households preferring shorter outages. Income and environmental attitude also positively influence higher willingness to pay. These insights can inform policymakers in designing more reliable and customer-centric energy generation and distribution models.
Article
Economics
Temilade Sesan, Unico Uduka, Lucy Baker, Okechukwu Ugwu, Ewah Eleri, Subhes Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study examines the impact of the regulatory framework on rural electrification and universal energy access goals in Nigeria's mini-grid sector. The findings suggest that while the current framework has fostered sector growth, additional measures are necessary to ensure equitable distribution of access among rural populations.
Article
Economics
Rui Shan, Noah Kittner
Summary: Energy storage is a cornerstone in decarbonization planning as it reduces operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions, while enhancing resilience and renewables integration. However, storage developers in different regions have varying economic and environmental considerations, thereby requiring policy intervention to achieve long-term emission reductions.
Article
Economics
Tung Durmaz, Sevil Acar, Simay Kizilkaya
Summary: This study investigates the phenomenon of strategic capacity withholding in the Turkish electricity market and its relationship with the capacity remuneration mechanism. The empirical results provide strong evidence of strategic capacity withholding and show that the capacity mechanism contributes to the duration of failures. The study offers important insights for policymakers, including the implementation of a random verification mechanism and restructuring of the capacity mechanism in Turkey.
Article
Economics
Tii N. Nchofoung
Summary: The study finds that oil price shocks have a negative impact on Africa's energy transition, particularly in rural areas and net crude oil exporting countries. However, oil price shocks cannot explain the urban-rural differences in clean energy access. Therefore, increasing investment in clean energy and technologies in rural areas is necessary to enhance the resilience of the energy sector to oil price shocks.
Article
Economics
Najia Saqib, Muhammad Usman, Ilhan Ozturk, Arshian Sharif
Summary: This study examines the impact of environmental technologies, financial growth, and energy use on ecological footprint and green growth. Environmental innovation and renewable energy deployment contribute to green growth, while financial expansion and non-renewable energy use have negative effects on the environment. The study also identifies causal relationships between different factors.
Article
Economics
Yessica C. Y. Chung, Noxolo Kunene, Hung-Hao Chang
Summary: The Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) is considered an innovative technology for building a green society. This study investigates the impact of REC purchases on stock return and volume in Taiwan between 2017 and 2021. The findings suggest that REC purchases have a positive effect on stock returns of manufacturing firms but not service firms. The frequency of REC purchases is also an important factor in the relationship between REC purchase and firm value. Additionally, the study reveals that public attention to environmental pollution plays a crucial role in positive stock returns and volume, while ESG disclosure is negatively associated with returns and volume.
Article
Economics
Seife Ayele, Wei Shen, Yacob Mulugetta, Tadesse Kuma Worako
Summary: This paper addresses the challenges of governing energy procurement from a mix of non-hydropower renewable energy sources supplied by independent producers. Building on political economy analysis and five case studies of independent producer projects from Ethiopia, it seeks to understand the root causes of the protracted delays and limited extent of procurement by independent producers. The key contestations lie in managing long term contracts, risk, uncertainty and in developing the institutional and human capacity to transition.
