Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 297, Issue -, Pages 23-32Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.067
Keywords
Regenerative fuel cell; Fuel cell; PEMFC model; Electrolyzer model; Hydrogen energy storage; Performance model
Funding
- University of Padua under the strategic project MAESTRA [STPD11XNRY]
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Thanks to the independent sizing of power and energy, hydrogen-based energy storage is one of the very few technologies capable of providing long operational times in addition to the other advantages offered by electrochemical energy storage, for example scalability, site versatility, and mobile service. The typical design consists of an electrolyzer in charge mode and a separate fuel cell in discharge mode. Instead, a unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC) is a single device performing both energy conversions, achieving a higher compactness and power-to-weight ratio. This paper presents a performance model of a URFC based on a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyte and working on hydrogen and oxygen, which can provide high energy and power densities (>0.7 W cm(-2)). It provides voltage, power, and efficiency at varying load conditions as functions of the controlling physical quantities: temperature, pressure, concentration, and humidification. The model constitutes a tool for designing the interface and control subsystem as well as for exploring optimized cell/stack designs and operational conditions. To date, only a few of such analyses have been carried out and more research is needed in order to explore the true potential of URFCs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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