Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 274, Issue -, Pages 899-906Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.10.170
Keywords
Ultracapacitors; Equivalent circuit models; Genetic algorithm; Electric vehicles
Funding
- China Scholarship Council
- University of Technology Sydney [201206030086]
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This paper comparatively examines three types of equivalent circuit models for ultracapacitors. They are the classic model, the multi-stage ladder model and the dynamic model. These models are consciously selected from the state-of-the-art lumped models reported in the literature. A test rig is developed and used to load the ultracapacitor and to collect the test data. The genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to extract the optimal model parameters based on the Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization (HPPC) test. The performance of these models is evaluated and compared by measuring the model complexity, accuracy, and robustness against unseen data collected in the Dynamic Stress Test (DST) and a self-designed pulse test (SDP). The validation results show that the dynamic model has the best overall performance. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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