Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zayed Al-Hamamre, Arwa Sandouqa, Basel Al-Saida, Reyad A. Shawabkeh, Mohammad Alnaief
Summary: A solid heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by impregnation of oil shale ash with KNO3 and subsequent calcination. The effects of different preparation conditions on waste cooking oil to biodiesel conversion were investigated. The characterization of the catalyst and the quantification of the produced biodiesel were performed using various analytical techniques.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vitor Lima de Brito, Matheus Arrais Goncalves, Hiarla Cristina Lima dos Santos, Geraldo Narciso da Rocha, Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceicao
Summary: A new acid solid catalyst composed of MoO3 impregnated in Nb2O5 was synthesized and applied in methylic transesterification reaction of Waste Frying Oil (WFO) for biodiesel production. The catalyst was characterized and optimized reaction conditions were determined. The catalyst showed high reusability and stability, and the kinetic study provided important parameters for the reaction.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manish Kumar Bharti, Sonia Chalia, Preeti Thakur, S. N. Sridhara, Atul Thakur, P. B. Sharma
Summary: The depletion and pollution of fossil fuels are prompting the use of alternative, renewable energies such as biofuels. Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts have been reviewed for producing biodiesel efficiently. Using transesterification, high conversion yields, low cost, and reusable catalysts can be achieved, with over 90% conversion yields possible with moderate alcohol/oil ratios.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ankita Sarkar, Parineeta Das, Ikbal Bahar Laskar, Sethumathavan Vadivel, Amrit Puzari, Bappi Paul
Summary: A green heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized using biomass Parkia speciosa via calcination at 700 degrees C for biodiesel synthesis. Characterization techniques were conducted to analyze the catalyst. The results showed that potassium and calcium oxides and carbonates served as active catalytic sites, resulting in high biodiesel yield. The catalyst remained efficient after five successive cycles, indicating its potential as an alternative for conventional homogeneous catalysts.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Raquel K. P. Cardoso, Gabriel V. A. Silva, Bruno T. S. Alves, Vitoria A. Freire, Jose J. N. Alves, Bianca V. S. Barbosa
Summary: In this study, Mo-KIT-6 catalyst precursors were directly hydrothermally synthesized with different Si/Mo molar ratios (10, 20, 30) for the production of biodiesel from soybean oil transesterification with methanol. The results showed that the Si/Mo ratio was the most significant variable affecting the biodiesel yield. Under the optimal conditions of using the 10_Mo-KIT-6 catalyst and an alcohol/oil ratio of 20/1, the highest biodiesel yield was achieved. However, using the 20_Mo-KIT-6 catalyst with an alcohol/oil ratio of 15/1 resulted in a biodiesel yield close to the maximum, and it required less methanol consumption, leading to lower energy consumption for the separation of unreacted alcohol.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dongming Li, Wenping Feng, Chao Chen, Shangxing Chen, Guorong Fan, Shengliang Liao, Guoqiang Wu, Zongde Wang
Summary: An effective method for synthesizing green and sustainable biodiesel from low-value vegetable oils was explored, using synthesized zinc-supported zirconia catalysts. The catalysts were able to promote the transesterification process of Litsea cubeba kernel oil, leading to the production of biodiesel that meets international standards.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Fatai A. Aderibigbe, Suleiman Shiru, H. B. Saka, M. K. Amosa, Sherif Ishola Mustapha, Mohammed Alhassan, Ayoade L. Adejumo, Morufudeen Abdulraheem, R. U. Owolabi
Summary: The demand for cleaner fuels has led to the exploration of alternative technologies such as renewable fuels. Research into second generation biofuel feedstocks holds promise for the future of cleaner energy solutions.
CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ningmeng Hu, Ping Ning, Liang He, Qingqing Guan, Yuzhen Shi, Rongrong Miao
Summary: The acid-base bifunctional catalyst (CunO-Bs/SBA-15) prepared by loading boron-doped copper oxides onto SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve shows excellent catalytic performance in triglyceride transesterification, achieving a high biodiesel yield at near room temperature. The catalyst contains highly-dispersed acid-base sites without blocking the channels of the porous support, indicating a promising catalytic mechanism during transesterification.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Matheus Arrais Goncalves, Erica Karine Lourenco Mares, Jose Roberto Zamian, Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho, Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceicao
Summary: In this study, a heterogeneous magnetic acid catalyst MoO3/SrFe2O4 was synthesized and applied in transesterification of waste cooking oil, providing an environmentally friendly approach to biodiesel production. By developing a mathematical model and optimizing reaction conditions, a high ester conversion rate of 95.4% was achieved with excellent catalyst reusability and stability demonstrated through five runs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Muhammad Amirrul Hakim Lokman NolHakim, Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi, Wan Nur Aini Wan Mokhtar, Mohd Lokman Ibrahim, Rose Fadzilah Abdullah
Summary: Beads and powder potassium hydroxide (KOH) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) supported on alumina oxide (Al2O3) were successfully prepared via incipient wetness impregnation technique. Catalytic performance was evaluated via transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) to biodiesel, with optimal conditions of 1:12 oil-to-methanol molar ratio and 5 wt.% catalyst at 65 degrees C. The mesoporous size of the catalysts led to 86.8% and 77.3% yield of fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) at 2 hours' reaction time. Utilization of perforated hydrophilic materials (PHM) increased reusability of the catalyst up to 7 cycles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Warisara Woranuch, Kanokwan Ngaosuwan, Worapon Kiatkittipong, Doonyapong Wongsawaeng, Weerinda Appamana, Jon Powell, Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum, Suttichai Assabumrungrat
Summary: In recent years, attention has been focused on the use of heterogeneous catalysts, with CaO powder being considered a promising catalyst for biodiesel production. Through investigation of catalyst pellet fabrication parameters, it was found that using an Al2O3 binder resulted in higher catalytic activity compared to kaolin and diatomite supported catalysts. The CaO to Al2O3 mass ratio significantly affected surface area and total basicity, with the CaO-A(800)-3.5:1 catalyst showing the highest biodiesel yield due to the presence of multiple active crystal phases.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Arpita Das, Hui Li, Rupam Kataki, Pratibha S. Agrawal, N. S. Moyon, Baskar Gurunathan, Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using Terminalia arjuna bark calcined ash (TABCA) as a renewable heterogeneous alkaline catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil (SO) under microwave irradiation. The mesoporous TABCA catalyst exhibits high stability and effectively promotes the conversion of SO to biodiesel. The produced biodiesel meets the standard requirements and is compatible with existing engines.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Basiru O. Yusuf, Sulayman A. Oladepo, Saheed A. Ganiyu
Summary: Bio-based fuels, like biodiesel, are gaining attention due to concerns about increasing energy consumption and global warming. Solid catalysts, such as zeolite-supported ZrO2 catalysts, are crucial in the production of green biodiesel as they can lower the cost of separation and reduce biodiesel costs. In this study, a series of desilicated zeolite-supported ZrO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized and used in the production of soybean oil biodiesel through transesterification. The desilicated zeolite-supported ZrO2 catalysts exhibited higher catalytic activity compared to the ZrO2/ZSM-5 catalyst, thanks to their larger pore volume, higher surface area, improved acidity, and more active sites. The optimized reaction conditions yielded biodiesel conversion rates of 90.1% and 97.84% for the ZrO2/ZSM-5 and desilicated zeolite-supported ZrO2 catalysts, respectively, with excellent stability and reusability for the latter.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. A. Viraj Miyuranga, Udara S. P. R. Arachchige, T. M. M. Marso, Gamunu Samarakoon
Summary: Five heterogeneous catalysts (Ba(OH)(2), CaO, MgO, ZnO, and AlCl3) were used to produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The reaction parameters of each catalyst were optimized by studying the influence of catalyst loading, methanol-to-oil ratio, and reaction duration. The addition of acetone as a cosolvent increased the biodiesel yield, and all heterogeneous catalysts were found to be reusable, with Ba(OH)(2) and CaO showing significant yields until the third cycle.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Violeta Makareviciene, Egle Sendzikiene, Ieva Gaide
Summary: Recent studies have shown that microalgae hold potential for use in biodiesel synthesis. The use of heterogeneous catalysts and immobilized enzymes can simplify the synthesis process, reduce costs, and improve ester yields. Parameters such as temperature and molar ratio of alcohol to oil have significant effects on the yield under enzymatic catalysis conditions.
FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2021)
