Ecosystem Impacts of a Range Expanding Forest Defoliator at the Forest-Tundra Ecotone

Title
Ecosystem Impacts of a Range Expanding Forest Defoliator at the Forest-Tundra Ecotone
Authors
Keywords
insect outbreak, sub-arctic birch forest, <em class=EmphasisTypeItalic >Operophtera brumata</em>, <em class=EmphasisTypeItalic >Epirrita autumnata</em>, geometrids, vegetation state transitions, <em class=EmphasisTypeItalic >Empetrum</em><em class=EmphasisTypeItalic >nigrum</em>, <em class=EmphasisTypeItalic >Avenella flexuosa</em>, reindeer, Tundra vole
Journal
ECOSYSTEMS
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 561-575
Publisher
Springer Nature
Online
2012-12-22
DOI
10.1007/s10021-012-9629-9

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