Article
Thermodynamics
Jennifer L. Gottfried, Elliot R. Wainwright, Sidi Huang, Yue Jiang, Xiaolin Zheng
Summary: Boron is a promising fuel for energetic materials due to its high energy density when combined with CuO and Bi2O3 in thermite reactions. The application of LASEM technique has enabled the quantification of energy release and excitation temperatures of B/metal oxide samples on microsecond and millisecond timescales. The enhancement of ignition in these composites contributes to the early-time energy release, as shown by relative measurements in agreement with bomb calorimetry and DSC analysis. Additionally, the strong affinity of CuO for both B and Bi2O3 leads to a synergetic enhancement effect in the binary metal oxide mixture.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianyong Xu, Wei Shi, Xiwen Wang, Bonan Gu, Chunpei Yu, Muhammad Amjad Majeed, Changkun Song, Junhong Chen, Gaopeng Yang, Wenchao Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the use of micron aluminum (mAl) and porous-sheet CuO (pCuO) in thermite composites, and demonstrates that the addition of Na3AlF6 significantly enhances the heat release and combustion duration. The composites containing Na3AlF6 exhibit higher constant volume combustion pressure and improved efficiency.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vinay Kumar Patel, Amit Joshi, Sanjeev Kumar, Anand Singh Rathaur, Jitendra Kumar Katiyar
Summary: This article reviews the remarkable progress in the field of nanoenergetic materials, discussing key factors affecting combustion properties and the need for a deep understanding of reaction mechanisms. It highlights the evolution in synthesis paths and strategies for optimizing combustion properties, as well as the critical state-of-the-art review conducted on molecular combustion modeling of nanoaluminum and nanoenergetic materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ioulia K. Mati, William Edwards, Domenico Marson, Edward J. Howe, Scott Stinson, Paola Posocco, Euan R. Kay
Summary: This study investigates the reaction kinetics for nanoparticle-bound hydrazones, revealing that surface-confined reactions are influenced by multiscale effects and proceed more slowly compared to their solution-phase counterparts. Molecular dynamics simulations uncover distinct supramolecular architectures and unexpected dynamic features of surface-bound molecules that explain experimentally observed trends in reactivity.
Article
Physics, Applied
Michael J. Abere, Matthew T. Beason, Robert V. Reeves, Mark A. Rodriguez, Paul G. Kotula, Catherine E. Sobczak, Steven F. Son, Cole D. Yarrington, David P. Adams
Summary: In this study, highly controlled nanolaminates of NiO-Al were fabricated using sputter deposition, and the variations of ignition and high-temperature reactions were investigated. It was found that the bilayer thickness and heating rate have influences on the ignition behavior and reaction velocities. The elimination of a passivating Al oxide layer on the powder can lower the reaction activation energy.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kesiany M. de Souza, Marcelo J. S. de Lemos, Roberta dos R. Ribeiro, Ana Maria G. Marin
Summary: The transition to a carbon-free economy has led to the development of innovative technologies for permanent P&A of mature oil wells, such as the use of thermites in Thermal P&A technology. This study presents a comprehensive kinetic analysis of the Fe2O3-2Al thermite reaction using DSC data. Multiple kinetic methods were employed to calculate the activation energies for each reaction stage, revealing significant variations with the extent of conversion. Different models were used to describe the reaction stages, with the first stage following a contracting sphere mechanism and the second stage following a random nucleation mechanism. The modeled data showed good agreement with the experimental data for the first stage, but larger deviations were observed for the second stage.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kesiany M. De Souza, Marcelo J. S. de Lemos
Summary: This paper presents an improved one-dimensional nonstationary model for simulating the reaction propagation of aluminum and iron-oxide in thermite mixtures. The model includes improvements such as a correction in the energy conservation equation and a temperature limit to account for aluminum vaporization. Numerical simulations were done to analyze the effects of kinetics parameters, alumina dilution, and aluminum addition on the main characteristics of the reaction wave. The results show that certain conditions can prevent disruption of the system and that aluminum addition accelerates the propagation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Dongpeng Hua, Qing Zhou, Wan Wang, Shuo Li, Xiaorong Liu, Haifeng Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that introducing graphene to form heterogenous interfaces in amorphous alloys can significantly enhance the mechanical and tribological performance of the material. The mechanical and tribological performance of amorphous/graphene nanolaminates depends largely on the thickness of the amorphous layer, and the interfacial limiting effect of graphene improves the load bearing ability of the nanolaminates.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jialin Chen, Tao Guo, Wen Ding, Jiaxing Song, Miao Yao, Fengli Bei, Shi Li
Summary: The addition of CuO significantly increases the heat release and decreases the exothermic peak temperature of Al/MoO3 thermite, but when the mass fraction of CuO reaches a certain level, violent explosion reactions occur.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shi Li, Jia-lin Chen, Tao Guo, Wen Ding, Lin Jiang, Miao Yao, Jia-xing Song, Li-feng Xie, Yi-ming Mao
Summary: Two kinds of ternary thermite, Al/Fe2O3/CuO and Al/Fe2O3/Bi2O3, were prepared and analyzed via mechanical ball milling. The samples were characterized by SEM, XRD, TG-DSC, constant volume and constant pressure combustion experiments. The research provides an important reference for studying the thermal safety and combustion performance of ternary thermite.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ting Zhang, Jiachen Li, Zhao Qin, Cuicui Li, Hongxu Gao, Fengqi Zhao, Haixia Ma
Summary: The study synthesized bismuth-modulated hematite as a catalyst for energetic materials thermolysis and found that it can reduce the initial thermal decomposition temperature and activation energy of HMX, leading to faster energy release during thermite reaction.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanjun Yin, Zili Ma
Summary: CuNCN is investigated as a novel oxidizer in thermite reactions, and the Al/CuNCN thermite system shows stronger combustion, larger energy release, and the generation of gases such as N2 and (CN)2 compared to the conventional Al/CuO thermite system. The burning flame of Al/CuNCN presents a mushroom-cloud shape and is accompanied by a large number of hot spots due to the unique combustion characteristics of blasting and gas production. The Al/CuNCN system is also able to prepare AlN materials within one second via a self-propagating route, indicating potential applications in thermite reactions and the preparation of gas generators and AlN materials.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sijia Shen, Hongbo Li, Yanxiang Liang, Chuanyun Wang, Jiahong Niu, Nanming Feng, Ning Zhang, Lingwei Yang
Summary: This work studied the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Ni/Al nanolaminates with varying Ni mole ratio. It was found that the strength of the nanolaminates was enhanced after heat-treatment. A novel NiAl3/Ni2Al3 nanolaminate structure formed when the Ni mole ratio was 0.40, resulting in maximized strength. A homogeneous nanocrystalline NiAl phase formed when the Ni mole ratio was 0.53, leading to excellent ductility and intermediate strength.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Priya Thakur, Vimal Sharma, Nagesh Thakur
Summary: In this study, Fe2O3/Al nano-thermite with different weight fractions of multi-layered graphene (MLG) nanoplatelets were synthesized using a physical mixing technique. It was found that increasing the content of MLG in the nano-thermite resulted in higher exothermic enthalpy and lower ignition temperature and activation energy.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Muhan Wu, Ao Huang, Yanzhu Huo, Huazhi Gu, Lvping Fu
Summary: By utilizing a thermite reaction at high temperatures in an air atmosphere, macro-sized tubular MgO crystals with porous structures were synthesized successfully. The morphology and densification of the MgO tube could be easily controlled by manipulating the shape of the Al2O3 lid and the reaction temperature.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Garth C. Egan, Michael R. Zachariah
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2015)
Editorial Material
Physics, Applied
Garth C. Egan, Michael R. Zachariah
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jeffery B. DeLisio, Xiuli Hu, Tao Wu, Garth C. Egan, Gregory Young, Michael R. Zachariah
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Garth C. Egan, Kyle T. Sullivan, Tammy Y. Olson, T. Yong-Jin Han, Marcus A. Worsley, Michael R. Zachariah
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanan Chen, Garth C. Egan, Jiayu Wan, Shuze Zhu, Rohit Jiji Jacob, Wenbo Zhou, Jiaqi Dai, Yanbin Wang, Valencia A. Danner, Yonggang Yao, Kun Fu, Yibo Wang, Wenzhong Bao, Teng Li, Michael R. Zachariah, Liangbing Hu
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2016)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jeffery B. DeLisio, Xizheng Wang, Tao Wu, Garth C. Egan, Rohit J. Jacob, Michael R. Zachariah
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xizheng Wang, Wenbo Zhou, Jeffery B. DeLisio, Garth C. Egan, Michael R. Zachariah
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Garth C. Egan, Tian T. Li, John D. Roehling, Joseph T. McKeown, Geoffrey H. Campbell
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Garth C. Egan, Tae Wook Heo, Amit Samanta, Geoffrey H. Campbell
Article
Physics, Applied
G. Egan, T. T. Rahn, A. J. Rise, H-Y Cheng, S. Raoux, G. H. Campbell, M. K. Santala
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Garth C. Egan, Thomas W. Myers, Will P. Bassett, Kyle T. Sullivan, Craig S. Halvorson
Summary: The analysis focused on a novel reactive material system using N2O4 as a liquid oxidizer and metal powder fuels. The mixtures displayed reactivity comparable to nanocomposite reactive materials with open-tube flame expansion velocities ranging from 500 to 1400 m/s. Control of N2O4 evaporation could be used to create an on/off reactive material with potential applications.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Garth C. Egan, Edmond Y. Lau, Eric Schwegler
Summary: We directly imaged the laser-induced cavitation of micron and nanoscale bubbles using Movie-Mode Dynamic Transmission Electron Microscopy (MM-DTEM). The collapse of isolated nanobubbles was observed to occur in less than 50 ns, while larger bubbles (approximately 2-3 μm) grew and collapsed in less than 200 ns. Bubbles in close proximity to each other exhibited more complex behavior, with longer lifetimes and a higher likelihood of rebounding after collapse.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Dylan J. Kline, Michael D. Grapes, Rodrigo Chavez Morales, Garth C. Egan, John D. Sain, Zachary D. Doorenbos, Hannah E. Fletcher, Eric A. Avalos, Benjamin M. English, Veronica Eliasson, Kyle T. Sullivan, Jonathan L. Belof
Summary: This article presents an in situ characterization technique based on layer-by-layer laser profilometry, which allows for digital reconstruction of multi-material parts during additive manufacturing. The data collected by the laser profilometer is used to create height maps and grayscale images, which are then reconstructed into volumetric representations of the part using purpose-built software. The digital reconstruction is found to be in good agreement with the actual morphology and composition of the part.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Physics, Condensed Matter
Robert V. Reeves, Garth C. Egan, Greg L. Klunder, M. Riad Manaa, Sorin Bastea
SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2017
(2018)