Review
Environmental Sciences
Scott A. Flemming, Richard B. Lanctot, Courtney Price, Mark L. Mallory, Susanne Kuhn, Mark C. Drever, Tom Barry, Jennifer F. Provencher
Summary: Concerns about the impact of plastics pollution on the environment have been growing since the 1970s. In this study, the researchers examined available studies on plastic pollution in shorebirds and quantified relevant traits of species and their environments to understand how the birds may be exposed to and impacted by plastics. They found that over half of the samples from 26 shorebird species contained some form of plastic pollution. The study also identified certain species and behaviors that were more likely to be associated with higher levels of plastic ingestion. The researchers suggest using their findings to prioritize research and conservation efforts for vulnerable shorebird populations.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
He-Bo Peng, Chi-Yeung Choi, Zhijun Ma, Allert I. Bijleveld, David S. Melville, Theunis Piersma
Summary: During the northward migration period in the northern Yellow Sea, shorebirds operate more independently when food is scarce, in order to minimize intraspecific competition.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mei-Ling Bai, Wen-Chieh Chih, Pei-Fen Lee, Yu-Yi Lien
Summary: Coastal wetlands along migratory flyways play a crucial role in supporting staging or wintering waterbirds, yet they are often targeted for wind energy development. Many bird species along the flyway are endangered in densely populated East and Southeast Asia, where wind energy projects are flourishing. Proper planning and monitoring are crucial in minimizing potential impacts of coastal wind farms on waterbirds.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Gustavo Tejera, Juan A. Amat, Beneharo Rodriguez, Juan Arizaga
Summary: Tourism and urbanization have disturbed the habitats of shorebirds, especially those that depend on dunes and beaches for breeding. The study on Lanzarote Island reveals that the Kentish plover population has a relatively high breeding success rate but low first-year survival, resulting in a negative population growth rate.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Katharine M. Bowgen, Stephen G. Dodd, Patrick Lindley, Niall H. K. Burton, Rachel C. Taylor
Summary: Identifying the breeding status of cryptic bird species, such as the Eurasian Curlew, has been challenging. This study used GPS tag movement patterns to determine breeding status and estimated a low nest survival rate during incubation. The results suggest that population declines may be driven by low productivity. Understanding individual behaviors at each breeding stage can improve targeted conservation efforts.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Konstantin S. Maslovsky, Philipp N. Maleko, Vladimir V. Pronkevich, Jonathan C. Slaght, Abby N. Powell
Summary: Knowledge of the breeding ecology of Nordmann's Greenshank is crucial for developing a targeted conservation plan. This study discovered nine nests of Nordmann's Greenshank in Schaste Bay, which are the first nests found in over 40 years and the only ones discovered in mainland Russia. The study also revealed that greenshanks may be larch obligates during the breeding season, highlighting the importance of protecting coastal larch forest ecosystems in the Russian Far East.
BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Weipan Lei, Jose A. Masero, Caroline Dingle, Yang Liu, Ziwen Chai, Bingrun Zhu, Hebo Peng, Zhengwang Zhang, Theunis Piersma
Summary: Research shows that migratory shorebirds rely heavily on coastal saltpans for foraging, especially water-surface foraging species. Large tactile-surface foraging species, on the other hand, do not forage much in saltpans at low tide. Saltpans provide food rich in essential fatty acids, contributing to the diet of shorebirds in terms of both quantity and quality.
ANIMAL CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Adam Kiss, Zsolt Vegvari, Vojtech Kubelka, Akos Monoki, Istvan Kapocsi, Szilvia Gori, Tamas Szekely
Summary: Agricultural intensification has negatively impacted wildlife populations in Europe, leading to declines and extinctions of farmland birds. This study focuses on the collared pratincole, a ground-nesting shorebird, which has shifted its habitat use from grasslands to intensively managed agricultural fields. By implementing conservation measures and creating suitable nesting sites, the study shows that nest survival has significantly increased and the breeding population has expanded.
Article
Ecology
Chevonne Reynolds, Dominic A. W. Henry, Donovan R. C. Tye, Nicholas D. Tye
Summary: This study aimed to determine suitable separation distances to reduce anthropogenic disturbance to coastal bird community in West Coast National Park, South Africa. The research found that body mass and migratory status were significantly correlated with flight initiation distance, demonstrating the sensitivity of larger birds and migratory birds to human disturbance. Increased wind speed also had a significant effect on flight initiation distance, indicating a thermoregulatory trade-off.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bryan D. Watts, Fletcher M. Smith, Chance Hines, Laura Duval, Diana J. Hamilton, Tim Keyes, Julie Paquet, Lisa Pirie-Dominix, Jennie Rausch, Barry Truitt, Brad Winn, Paul Woodard
Summary: Each year, hundreds of millions of birds cross the Atlantic Ocean during peak tropical cyclone activity, with whimbrels from the Mackenzie Delta and Hudson Bay populations tracked to examine migration routes and storm encounters. The study found that the two populations follow different routes and experience varying rates of storm encounters, with Hudson Bay whimbrels more likely to encounter storms and ground on Caribbean islands. The demographic consequences of these storm encounters may impact the evolution of trans-Atlantic migration pathways as global temperatures rise.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Mahdi Boroujeni, Mohammad Ghodsi, Saeed Seddighin
Summary: The paper introduces an almost optimal MPC algorithm for Ulam distance and improves the algorithms for edit distance, achieving almost linear running time. Progress has also been made in terms of total memory and reducing the number of machines needed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Biology
K. M. Aarif, Aymen Nefla, T. R. Athira, P. K. Prasadan, Sabir Bin Muzaffar
Summary: The study recorded injured shorebirds in coastal wetlands of Kerala, India, with injuries mainly caused by anthropogenic debris and activities. Recommendations are made for environmental authorities to minimize anthropogenic debris along migratory bird flyways to reduce injuries.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Reza Mohammadi, Chhagan Lal, Mauro Conti, Lokesh Sharma
Summary: This paper proposes a method to mitigate HTTP flooding attacks using Software-Defined Networking (SDN), by implementing a defense module on the SDN controller to detect and mitigate the attack. Experimental results show that this approach achieves significant improvements in detection time and the number of blocked malicious flows compared to state-of-the-art methods.
COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Tsz Nam Chan, Man Lung Yiu, Leong U. Hou
Summary: EMD is a robust measure of similarity between two histograms, widely used in various fields. Despite the computationally intensive nature, efficient upper and lower bound functions have been developed without error guarantee. This study focuses on computing an approximate EMD value with bounded error, proposing solutions that demonstrate efficiency and effectiveness through experimental results.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Martin Sladecek, Katerina Brynychova, Esmat Elhassan, Miroslav E. Salek, Veronika Janatova, Eva Vozabulova, Petr Chajma, Veronika Firlova, Lucie Peskova, Aisha Almuhery, Martin Bulla
Summary: Predation of nest is a common cause of failure in birds, but the timing of predation within a day is not well understood. A study on red-wattled lapwings found a daily predation rate of 0.95% with 70% of nests hatching successfully. Predation events were evenly distributed between day and night, with a tendency for increased predation around sunrise.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Florian Lecorvaisier, Dominique Pontier, Benoit Soubeyrand, David Fouchet
Summary: Research has found that the use of vaccines that do not entirely block pathogen transmission may lead to the evolution of more virulent strains. High vaccine coverage favors the emergence and prevalence of avirulent strains, and competition between strains is crucial for the eradication of toxigenic strains when these vaccines are used.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Monica E. Barros, Ana Arriagada, Hugo Arancibia, Sergio Neira
Summary: The stock biomass of carrot prawn in the south-central area of Chile has decreased in the past 12 years, mainly due to fishing mortality. Predation mortality has been less studied and quantified, so it is important to estimate and compare predation and fishing mortality to understand their effects on fishing stocks. A food web model was built to analyze the biomass changes and evaluate the relative contribution of different mortality factors. The results showed that predation mortality was the main component of total mortality for carrot prawns and yellow prawns.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Shubham Krishna, Victoria Peterson, Luisa Listmann, Jana Hinners
Summary: This study incorporated viral dynamics into an ecosystem model to investigate the effects of viruses on ecosystem dynamics under current and future climatic conditions. The results showed that the presence of viruses increased nutrient retention in the upper water column, leading to a reduction in phytoplankton biomass and transfer of biomass to higher trophic levels.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Zahra Dehghan Manshadi, Parastoo Parivar, Ahad Sotoudeh, Ali Morovati Sharifabadi
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of strategies such as limiting built-up areas, preserving green spaces, and protecting water resources on the urban carrying capacity in arid and semi-arid regions. Implementing a combination of policies aimed at enhancing urban green spaces and regulating water demand is found to be the most effective in terms of health and urban carrying capacity.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Shay S. Keretz, Daelyn A. Woolnough, Todd J. Morris, Edward F. Roseman, David T. Zanatta
Summary: This study surveyed native freshwater mussels in the St. Clair-Detroit River system and found 14 live unionids representing 9 species. However, the model used to predict their presence in the main channels was not successful. The study also revealed characteristic differences between the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Zhengrong Zhang, Xuemei Li, Xinyu Liu, Kaixin Zhao
Summary: This study examines land use change in the Chinese Tianshan mountainous region using system dynamics and patch-generating land use simulation models. The results show an expansion in forest and construction land, a decline in grassland area, and an increase in cultivated land area from 2005 to 2020. By 2040, unused land, grassland, and water are expected to decrease while other land types increase, with construction land showing the most significant increase. The study provides insights for future ecological and environmental management in the region.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Amira Khelifa, Nadjia El Saadi
Summary: This paper develops an agent-based model to study malaria disease transmission, taking into account the interactions between hosts, vectors, and aquatic habitats, as well as their geographical locations. The simulation results highlight the significant role of aquatic habitats in infection transmission and disease persistence, and demonstrate the effectiveness of eliminating these habitats in limiting disease transmission.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Guillaume Peron
Summary: The theory for movement-based coexistence between species often overlooks small-scale, station-keeping movements. However, at this scale, there are many instances where positive correlations exist between species traits that are expected to be negatively correlated based on current theory. Through simulations, the researcher presents a counter-example to demonstrate that functional tradeoffs are not a necessary condition for movement-based coexistence. This study highlights the significance of species-specific space use patterns under the time allocation tradeoff hypothesis.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Sandra Y. Mendiola, Nicole M. Gerardo, David J. Civitello
Summary: Research on the use of insect microbial symbionts as a means of controlling the spread of insect vectors and the pathogens they carry has made significant progress in the last decade. This study focused on the relative importance of simultaneous effects caused by a symbiont called Caballeronia spp. on the ability of squash bugs to transmit phytopathogenic Serratia marcescens. The researchers found that infection with Caballeronia significantly reduced pathogen titers and cleared S. marcescens in bugs, thus reducing the vectoring potential of these pests. The study also showed that maximizing symbiont prevalence in the vector population is crucial for effectively mitigating plant infections.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Shirui Hao, Dongryeol Ryu, Andrew W. Western, Eileen Perry, Heye Bogena, Harrie Jan Hendricks Franssen
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of model yield prediction to uncertainties in model parameters and inputs using the Sobol' method. The results show that yield is more sensitive to changes in water availability and nitrogen availability, depending on soil, management, and weather conditions.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Nitika Mundetia, Devesh Sharma, Aditya Sharma
Summary: This study focused on assessing groundwater sustainability using different modeling approaches in a river basin in Rajasthan, India. The results showed a decrease in future groundwater recharge and emphasized the need for better management and conservation practices to achieve sustainable development goals.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Sukdev Biswas, Sk Golam Mortoja, Ritesh Kumar Bera, Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
Summary: Bacteria play a crucial role in regulating the nutrient cycle of ecosystems, and maintaining a thriving bacterial population is essential for the sustainability of these environments. This study introduces the concept of cooperation as a group defense mechanism employed by bacteria and incorporates it into the functional response, offering a more comprehensive understanding of the complex tritrophic food chain dynamics. The results highlight the importance of a balance between strong group defense and moderate cooperation for bacteria sustainability and overall system stability.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
D. Z. M. Le Gouvello, S. Heye, L. R. Harris, J. Temple-Boyer, P. Gaspar, M. G. Hart-Davis, C. Louro, R. Nel
Summary: This study modeled the dispersal pathways and compared potential dispersal corridors of different sea turtle species in the Western Indian Ocean. The results showed that ocean currents play a major role in driving dispersal, with species and years exhibiting differences in dispersal patterns. Active swimming had little influence on dispersal during the first year.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Review
Ecology
Yingying Duan, Haina Rong, Gexiang Zhang, Sergey Gorbachev, Dunwu Qi, Luis Valencia-Cabrera, Mario J. Perez-Jimenez
Summary: Computing models are an effective way to study population dynamics of endangered species like giant pandas. This paper proposes a unified framework and conducts a comprehensive survey of computing models for giant panda ecosystems. Multi-factor computing models are more suitable for studying giant panda ecosystems.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Samantha Lai, Theophilus Zhi En Teo, Arief Rullyanto, Jeffery Low, Karenne Tun, Peter A. Todd, Siti Maryam Yaakub
Summary: Understanding the exchange of genetic material among populations in the marine environment is crucial for conservation efforts. Agent-based models are increasingly used to predict dispersal pathways, including for seagrasses. This study highlights the importance of considering both sexual propagules and asexual vegetative fragments when evaluating seagrass connectivity.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2024)