Article
Forestry
Maria Royo-Navascues, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Ernesto Tejedor, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Luis Alberto Longares, Miguel Angel Saz, Klemen Novak, Martin de Luis
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of drought on tree growth in the Mediterranean Basin. The results showed that different pine species had varying responses to drought intensity, duration, and seasonality. Understanding these responses is crucial, especially as droughts are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bethany L. Coulthard, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Gregory T. Pederson, Edward Cook, Jeremy Littell, Dan J. Smith
Summary: Climate change has led to recent declines in mountain snowpack and earlier runoff, intensifying hydrological droughts in western North America. Current understanding of trends and variability in mountain snowpack is limited, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Christopoulou, C. Sazeides, N. M. Fyllas
Summary: This study examines the impact of long-term drought conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin on the growth and mortality patterns of Pinus brutia trees. The researchers developed a chronology using tree rings from the largest continuous P. brutia forest on the Aegean islands and found that water availability positively affects tree growth and survival, while temperature has a size-mediated effect on growth.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Ljubica Lukac, Stjepan Mikac, Otmar Urban, Tomas Kolar, Michal Rybnicek, Alexander Ac, Mirek Trnka, Michal Marek
Summary: The δ C-13 and δ O-18 values are better proxies for temperature, precipitation, and drought than tree-ring widths (TRWs). The strongest correlations between these values and climate parameters are during the summer period, and they can be used for precipitation reconstruction in the Balkan Peninsula and eastern Mediterranean region.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Keshav Kumar Upadhyay, Santosh K. Shah, Arijit Roy, Shri Kant Tripathi
Summary: Tree rings are a highly promising indicator of ecological and environmental processes, with significant impact on tree growth and carbon sequestration potential in tropical moist forests. The study found that soil moisture during the early growing season is crucial for the growth of teak trees, and it is related to remote atmospheric climate regulation modes.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nasrullah Khan, Hung T. T. Nguyen, Stefano Galelli, Paolo Cherubini
Summary: Increased flood risks and intensifying droughts pose significant threats for the Kabul River Basin. Future water management needs to account for both flood and drought risks and be informed by long-term hydroclimatic variability.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jesus Julio Camarero
Summary: Climate-atmospheric patterns have an impact on ecological processes. In this study, the effects of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Mediterranean riparian forests were examined through the analysis of river flow and tree ring growth data. The results showed a positive correlation between river flow and growth indices of narrow-leaved ash, as well as a negative correlation with the January Southern Oscillation Index (SOI).
Article
Plant Sciences
Belen Mendez-Cea, Isabel Garcia-Garcia, Raul Sanchez-Salguero, Victor Lechuga, Francisco Javier Gallego, Juan C. Linares
Summary: This study evaluates the climate sensitivity and growth patterns of the Moroccan fir Abies marocana, and finds a negative effect of warming on tree growth. Genetic differentiation is weak between the studied populations, and growth trends and tree size are associated with genetics rather than climatic sensitivity. The findings highlight the potential of tree rings and genome-wide analysis in understanding the adaptive capacity of drought-sensitive forests.
Article
Environmental Sciences
William Marchand, Martin P. Girardin, Henrik Hartmann, Mathieu Levesque, Sylvie Gauthier, Yves Bergeron
Summary: The increase in frequency, intensity, and duration of drought events affects forested ecosystems by causing trees to adjust stomatal conductance to maximize the trade-off between carbon gains and water losses. This study found that a decline in growth rates of black spruce and jack pine in an exceptionally dry period from 1988 to 1992 was related to physiological adjustments of trees to drought. Isotopic signals were linked to climate moisture index, vapor pressure deficit, and annual snowfall amount, impacting tree growth and physiological responses.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sasa Kostic, Tom Levanic, Sasa Orlovic, Bratislav Matovic, Dejan B. Stojanovic
Summary: This study built tree-ring width (TRW), stable carbon isotope ratio (delta C-13), and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) data set chronologies for two oak species in northwestern Serbia. The results showed that Turkey oak exhibited better drought tolerance compared to pedunculate oak and delta C-13 responded more strongly and rapidly to climate variations than TRW.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco Pirotti, Opeyemi Adedipe, Brigitte Leblon
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of Sentinel-1 C-band backscatter to the moisture content of tree canopies in a specific area in Portugal. The results show that the backscatter values are inversely correlated with the local incidence angle over canopies, and the correlation is stronger in wet scenarios. The backscatter values can discriminate between wet and dry forest environments, but are less sensitive to the transition between dry and extremely dry conditions. The study also finds that C-VH backscatter is more sensitive in capturing burnt canopies and can capture post-fire recovery after approximately 360 days.
Article
Agronomy
Shoudong Zhao, Yuan Jiang, Yan Wen, Liang Jiao, Wenqing Li, Hui Xu, Minghu Ding
Summary: This study reported a tree ring network in North China, finding that the frequency of locally absent rings (LAR) in Pinus tabuliformis has increased in recent decades, especially in dry regions. The frequency of LAR increased with age, decreasing previous September moisture, and decreasing May moisture, indicating older trees may face higher LAR risk in the future. The frequent occurrence of LAR in semi-arid pine forests is connected to extreme droughts, suggesting LAR can serve as a proxy for potential tipping points of forest systems.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Katarzyna Izworska, Elzbieta Muter, Pawel Matulewski, Tomasz Zielonka
Summary: This study focuses on the tree-ring changes of Stone pine in cliff forests of the Western Carpathians to better understand their growth release pattern and the influence of climate. The growth of stone pine is strongly related to summer temperature and the negative influence of summer precipitation has decreased in recent decades. The adaptability of Swiss stone pine to extreme cliff environments and its long lifespan make it an excellent species for studying climate change.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Olga Churakova (Sidorova), Vladimir S. Myglan, Marina Fonti, Matthias Saurer
Summary: The rising air temperature, changes in the hydrological cycle, and atmospheric circulation patterns are leading to increasing extreme events affecting humans and forests worldwide. Investigations of climatic impacts on the southern Siberian forest are urgently needed, as recent warming poses a risk to Altai relict forests. Application of stable isotope and tree-ring analyses shows promise in revealing the impact of recent extreme climatic events on relict larch trees in the Russian Altai.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Guotao Cui, Qin Ma, Roger Bales
Summary: Water availability in mountain forests affects vegetation response to drought. Using precipitation minus evapotranspiration as an indicator, this study assesses the vulnerability of Mediterranean-climate forests to multi-year droughts. Historical data from two drought periods in California's Sierra Nevada were analyzed, showing that historically vulnerable forests are more susceptible to recent droughts. Tree mortality and canopy moisture loss were used as indicators of drought vulnerability. Additionally, a deep-learning model was trained to predict future evapotranspiration during prolonged drought scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Sharon Bywater-Reyes, Rebecca M. Diehl, Andrew C. Wilcox, John C. Stella, Li Kui
Summary: The strength of interactions between plants and river processes is influenced by plant traits and fluvial conditions. The differential effects of Tamarix and Populus on hydraulics, sediment transport, and river morphology were examined using flume, field, and modelling approaches. Differences in crown morphology, stem density, and flexibility favored aggradation associated with Tamarix, leading to faster geomorphic adjustments compared to Populus. These findings provide a basis for predicting changes in alluvial riverine systems and highlight the importance of considering plant traits and community structure in addition to flow and sediment supply.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Jacob M. Rigby, Michaelina Almaz Yohannis, Chris Preist, Michael Bliss Singer, Timothy M. Waema, Agnes N. Wausi, Katerina Michaelides
Summary: Climate and weather services play a crucial role in decision making in various sectors in the Greater Horn of Africa. This study interviewed practitioners working with climate, weather, and hydrological information in East Africa and identified a complex network of stakeholders in the climate services ecosystem. Trust and information suitability were found to be key issues in promoting the adoption of climate services. The study argues for a holistic evaluation of the interconnected climate services ecosystem to design better systems for the benefit of all stakeholders.
CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jared Williams, John C. Stella, Steven L. Voelker, Adam M. Lambert, Lissa M. Pelletier, John E. Drake, Jonathan M. Friedman, Dar A. Roberts, Michael Bliss Singer
Summary: This study analyzed riparian cottonwood stands along the largest remaining free-flowing river in Southern California and found that the rate of groundwater decline is the primary driver of drought stress for these woodlands. The trees were more sensitive to temperature at sites with faster groundwater decline. The study also identified a threshold of tolerance to groundwater decline at 0.5 m year(-1), beyond which drought stress becomes increasingly evident and severe.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Markus Adloff, Michael Bliss Singer, David A. MacLeod, Katerina Michaelides, Nooshin Mehrnegar, Eleanor Hansford, Chris Funk, Daniel Mitchell
Summary: Rural communities in the Horn of Africa Drylands (HADs) are becoming increasingly vulnerable to multi-season droughts due to their strong dependence on seasonal rainfall. However, despite a decrease in total March-April-May rainfall, the total water storage in the region has increased. This increase is strongly correlated with seasonal rainfall totals, especially extreme rainfall in the two dominant rainy seasons between 2003 and 2016. Furthermore, high-intensity October-November-December rainfall, associated with positive Indian Ocean Dipole events, leads to the greatest seasonal increases in water storage, which can persist for multiple years.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Martin, Terence A. Brown, Timothy S. George, Bjoern Gunnarson, Neil J. Loader, Paul Ross, John Wishart, Rob Wilson
Summary: The study calculated minimum temperature requirements for ancient types of barley in sites across the Scottish Isles, Faroes, and Iceland. It compared these thresholds with reconstructions of annual cropping season degree days (CSDD) using temperature and tree-ring data to investigate site suitability for barley cultivation. The results showed differences in CSDD between regions and time periods, with occasional challenges and periods of abandonment, but also the resilience of barley cultivation due to well-adapted strains and socio-economic factors.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Romy Sabathier, Michael Bliss Singer, John C. Stella, Dar A. Roberts, Kelly K. Caylor, Kristin L. Jaeger, Julian D. Olden
Summary: Intermittent and ephemeral streams in dryland environments are important habitats for diverse aquatic and terrestrial life. Understanding the availability of water and its response to external factors is crucial for predicting the impacts of climate change and human activities. This paper analyzes conductivity data from sensors distributed along streams in Arizona, providing insights into flow permanence and its response to seasonal rainfall.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Salwey, G. Coxon, F. Pianosi, M. B. Singer, C. Hutton
Summary: Reservoirs are important for water supply and management, but they are often excluded or poorly represented in hydrological models due to a lack of open-access data. To address this issue, we developed hydrological signatures that can detect reservoir impacts on downstream flow using only downstream flow records. We applied these signatures to catchments in Great Britain and found that water abstractions from reservoirs cause deficits in the water balance, and pre-defined flow releases reduce variability in downstream flow. We also identified catchments significantly impacted by reservoirs and provided insights into local reservoir operations.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Akash Koppa, Jessica Keune, Dave A. MacLeod, Michael Singer, Raquel Nieto, Luis Gimeno, Katerina Michaelides, Rafael Rosolem, George Otieno, Abebe Tadege, Diego G. Miralles
Summary: The Horn of Africa drylands are highly vulnerable to hydroclimatic extremes. The Arabian Sea and the southern Indian Ocean contribute about 80% of the rainfall, while land sources account for a much smaller proportion. Variability in the long and short rains is primarily driven by circulation patterns and thermodynamic processes, rather than changes in ocean evaporation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
C. Leland, R. D'Arrigo, N. Davi, K. J. Anchukaitis, L. Andreu-Hayles, T. J. Porter, T. Galloway, M. Mant, G. Wiles, R. Wilson, S. Beaulieu, R. Oelkers, B. V. Gaglioti, M. P. Rao, E. Reid, T. Nixon
Summary: Two large volcanic eruptions in the early 1800s caused extreme cold temperatures, especially during the coldest phase of the Little Ice Age. The 1815 Tambora eruption in Indonesia had well-documented impacts, while less is known about another unidentified volcanic event around 1809. Using tree-ring records in northwestern North America, we found that the cold conditions following the 1809 eruption were most severe in the Gulf of Alaska, the Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, and the southern Yukon, suggesting a possible contribution from a weak Aleutian Low and a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Yonghong Zheng, Huanfeng Shen, Rory Abernethy, Rob Wilson
Summary: This study evaluates the potential value of tree ring blue intensity as a reliable climate proxy in central and western China, using four species from five sites. In addition to examining latewood inverted blue intensity, earlywood blue intensity was also investigated. The study found subtle differences among the different percentile extraction variants.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dagmawi Teklu Asfaw, Michael Bliss Singer, Rafael Rosolem, David MacLeod, Mark Cuthbert, Edisson Quichimbo Miguitama, Manuel F. Rios Gaona, Katerina Michaelides
Summary: stoPET is a stochastic PET generator that can simulate realistic time series of PET, capturing its diurnal and seasonal variability, to support the simulation of various scenarios of climate change.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Shiuan-An Chen, Katerina Michaelides, David A. Richards, Michael Bliss Singer
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of erosion rates at different time scales on land surface changes, finding that precipitation, aridity, and human agricultural activities are important factors affecting erosion rates. Consistent with conclusions from classical geomorphological theories, there is a relationship between long-term and short-term erosion rates. The results also indicate that external factors (such as climate, human intervention, and tectonic activity) have complex effects on erosion globally, and the observation time scale may result in different erosion rates and principal controls.
EARTH SURFACE DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Sharon Bywater-Reyes, Rebecca M. Diehl, Andrew C. Wilcox, John C. Stella, Li Kui
Summary: The interaction between riparian vegetation and river processes is influenced by plant traits and fluvial conditions, with Tamarix and Populus species having differing effects on hydraulics, sediment transport, and river morphology. Differences in plant traits between the two species influence river adjustments at various scales, highlighting the importance of considering plant characteristics in river management and invasive species control.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)