Article
Ecology
Patrick Schwager, Christian Berg
Summary: Species distribution models based on a combination of remote sensing data and topographic/geological variables outperform models using individual variable types. Ensemble models perform slightly better compared to different model algorithms, identifying temperature, NDVI, and bedrock as important determinants of alpine plant species distribution. These models are crucial for conservation efforts in identifying suitable areas for either in-situ or ex-situ conservation.
BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ivonne Trebs, Kaniska Mallick, Nishan Bhattarai, Mauro Sulis, Jamie Cleverly, William Woodgate, Richard Silberstein, Nina Hinko-Najera, Jason Beringer, Wayne S. Meyer, Zhongbo Su, Gilles Boulet
Summary: This study investigates the impact of aerodynamic resistance (r(a)) and its relation to land surface temperature (LST) uncertainties on the performance of three different surface energy balance (SEB) models in water-limited ecosystems. The results show that the models tend to overestimate latent heat flux (LE) due to underestimation of sensible heat (H), with discrepancies in r(a) retrievals playing a major role in causing this overestimation. On the other hand, LST differences have a minor influence on the estimation of LE.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Francesca Carletti, Adrien Michel, Francesca Casale, Alice Burri, Daniele Bocchiola, Mathias Bavay, Michael Lehning
Summary: This study compares the performance of two degree-day models and one full energy-balance model in predicting discharge in two Alpine catchments. The results show that the degree-day implementation of Alpine3D produces results close to the full energy-balance model, while Poli-Hydro predicts lower snowmelt and a delayed melting season. Under climate change conditions, Alpine3D is more sensitive and simulates earlier snowmelt. However, the coarser temporal resolution and simplified melt models like Poli-Hydro are controversial for climate change applications compared to energy-balance models, especially under strong river regulation.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tam Nguyen, Bhumika Uniyal, Dang An Tran, Thi Bich Thuc Pham
Summary: Evaluating the spatial and temporal model performance of distributed hydrological models is necessary and can be done using remote sensing data. This study highlights the necessity of spatiotemporal and temporospatial model performance evaluations and presents a case study of an Indian catchment.
Article
Water Resources
Connor Mullen, Leonardo E. Bertassello, P. Suresh C. Rao, Marc F. Mueller
Summary: Wetlands are crucial for sustaining ecosystem services, and understanding their response to climate change and human activities is urgent. The use of satellite imagery to calibrate landscape-scale hydrological models shows great potential, but there are trade-offs and challenges in different wetlandscapes, including accuracy and spatial resolution compared to in-situ monitoring.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinshun Zhu, Huazhong Ren, Xin Ye, Yuanjian Teng, Hui Zeng, Yu Liu, Wenjie Fan
Summary: This article develops the PKULAST model, a Python package for processing LST from thermal infrared remote sensing data. Tested with ASTER imagery, the model shows promise in accurately deriving LST. It can facilitate the development of new LST retrieval algorithms and generation of scientific products.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Quansheng Li, Junting Guo, Fei Wang, Ziheng Song
Summary: This study conducted land cover classification and inversion analysis in the Shendong mining area in Inner Mongolia, China, from 1990 to 2020. It found that while coal mining activities severely damaged the eco-environment during rapid development, an increased focus on ecological restoration since 2010 led to considerable improvement in the eco-environment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mizbah Ahmed Sresto, Sharmin Siddika, Md. Abdul Fattah, Syed Riad Morshed, Md. Manjur Morshed
Summary: This study explores the relationship between land use and land cover change (LULC) and land surface temperature (LST), and finds significant effects of LULC on LST in the Dhaka district. The study also identifies correlations between different indices and LST, and reveals vegetation decline and increasing built-up areas as the major factors contributing to the rising LST.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Liu, Emmanuel Devred, Catherine L. Johnson, Dave Keith, Jessica A. Sameoto
Summary: Satellite observations with high spatio-temporal resolution are crucial for monitoring biogeochemical cycles in the oceans, providing valuable insight for understanding marine ecosystems and supporting fisheries management decisions. This study used satellite data and in-situ measurements to establish a model predicting sea scallop condition, demonstrating the utility of satellite-derived products for improving stock assessments.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shanwei Liu, Chuanlong Ye, Qinting Sun, Mingming Xu, Zhongfeng Duan, Hui Sheng, Jianhua Wan
Summary: A new method for detecting geothermal anomalies is proposed in this study, which effectively eliminates pseudo-anomalous areas while extracting geothermal anomaly areas.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shengtian Yang, Baichi Zhou, Hezhen Lou, Zhengfang Wu, Shusheng Wang, Yujia Zhang, Zihao Pan, Chaojun Li
Summary: This study used remote sensing technology and hydrological surveying to evaluate the runoff processes in the Changbai Mountains and revealed the impact of vegetation cover change on hydrological processes. The results showed that an increase in vegetation cover due to climate change leads to an increase in evapotranspiration and a subsequent decrease in river discharge.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Elvira Machler, Anham Salyani, Jean-Claude Walser, Annegret Larsen, Bettina Schaefli, Florian Altermatt, Natalie Ceperley
Summary: This study examined the impact of natural tracers and eDNA on hydrology and biodiversity in Alpine streams, finding a correlation between biological richness and hydrologic characteristics, indicating the transport of additional DNA into water with increasing streamflow. It is suggested that future observations should consider samples from multiple habitats to better understand the integration of stream eDNA in a catchment.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Geography, Physical
Shubham Awasthi, Divyesh Varade
Summary: This paper reviews the application of remote sensing techniques in the study of alpine snow, highlighting its importance and potential advantages. It also discusses the geophysical characteristics of snow and the limitations of remote sensing technology in estimating these properties, providing prospects for the retrieval of snow geophysical parameters in the future.
GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bahareh Behkamal, Alireza Entezami, Carlo De Michele, Ali Nadir Arslan
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of temperature variability on structural displacements of long-span bridges using remote sensing and supervised regression models. The study incorporates correlation analysis to determine the relationship between temperature and displacement data, and explores the use of different regression techniques for prediction. The aim of the research is to assess the sufficiency of contact-based sensors for measuring environmental and operational factors in bridge structures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eulalie Boucher, Filipe Aires
Summary: Retrieving weather extremes using statistical and machine learning methods can be challenging due to the dampening and inflating effects caused by regression models and data pooling. Localization is introduced to improve the retrieval of extreme states and can be applied at both the pixel level and in image processing techniques.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Correction
Biodiversity Conservation
Elia Guariento, Johannes Ruedisser, Konrad Fiedler, Chiara Paniccia, Simon Stifter, Ulrike Tappeiner, Julia Seeber, Andreas Hilpold
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Giacomo Bertoldi, Michele Bozzoli, Alice Crespi, Michael Matiu, Lorenzo Giovannini, Dino Zardi, Bruno Majone
Summary: Snowfall and snow accumulation have a significant impact on the Alpine region's ecosystems and human activities. Global warming is threatening this resource, making it urgent to understand snowfall trends in time and space. Analysis of snowfall data in the northeastern Italian Alps revealed negative trends at lower elevations throughout the winter season and positive trends at higher elevations from January to March. Precipitation was found to be the primary driver of snowfall trends, but temperature played a more important role at lower elevations during mid-winter. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) indices had no significant correlations with snowfall, except at lower elevations and the beginning of the season.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Miguel Lopez-Botet, Andrea De Maria, Aura Muntasell, Mariella Della Chiesa, Carlos Vilches
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has a broad impact on the immune system. It triggers the differentiation and expansion of a mature NK cell subset with a distinctive phenotype and functional profile characterized by the presence of the HLA-E-specific CD94/NKG2C activating receptor. In this article, we provide an overview of the adaptive features of NKG2C+ NK cells, discussing the mechanisms and influence of viral and host factors, the presence of other NKG2C-NK cell subsets with adaptive features, the role of adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells in the response to HCMV in transplant patients, their relation with other viral infections, particularly HIV-1, and their potential use in adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Raul-David Serban, Giacomo Bertoldi, Huijun Jin, Mihaela Serban, Dongliang Luo, Xinze Li
Summary: This study aims to detect the variability of ground surface temperature (GST) in the Headwater Area of the Yellow River. The results show a significant correlation between mean annual GST and land cover as well as elevation. At the local/landscape scale, meadows have higher GST than swamp meadows and bare grounds. At the fine scale, there is a high similarity in GST between plots but with some degree of error. The decrease of GST is more pronounced in bare grounds with rising elevation.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Aldo Bertone, Roberto Seppi, Mattia Callegari, Giovanni Cuozzo, Niccolo Dematteis, Karl Krainer, Carlo Marin, Claudia Notarnicola, Francesco Zucca
Summary: The kinematic acceleration of rock glaciers observed in recent decades is related to climate change. While velocity variations on yearly to seasonal time scales are frequently investigated, velocity changes measured on shorter time scales (i.e., on hourly resolutions) are as yet poorly understood. In this study, we used ground-based synthetic aperture radar to investigate the displacement of a rock glacier on an hourly time scale in the European Alps. Our observations revealed a regular hourly velocity rhythm characterized by short phases of sharp acceleration (up to 0.9 mm/hr) lasting 4-11 hr followed by long phases of stagnation lasting 13-20 hr. This unprecedented observation opens up new perspectives in the analysis and interpretation of rock glacier kinematics.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Schmoelz Katja, Felber Agnes, Mark Wolfgang, Thaler Melanie, Wieser Josef, Persiano Simone, Bertoldi Giacomo, Tasser Erich
Summary: This study proposes a new methodical approach based on salmonid fish populations to assess stream quality, aiming to increase comparability of assessments. The approach is based on Austrian and Italian methods and has been tested in 81 stream sections in the European Alps. Three indices, morphology, hydrology, and hydromorphology, are used to evaluate stream conditions.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marco Greppi, Valentina Obino, Rayan Goda, Federico Rebaudi, Simona Carlomagno, Mariella Della Chiesa, Simona Sivori, Gianluca Ubezio, Vanessa Agostini, Alessandra Bo, Silvia Pesce, Emanuela Marcenaro
Summary: This study is the first to report PD-1 expression on CB derived NK cells and its features in perinatal conditions. These data may prove important in selecting the most suitable CB derived NK cell population for the development of different immunotherapeutic treatments.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Linda Petutschnig, Erich Rome, Daniel Lueckerath, Katharina Milde, Asa Gerger Swartling, Carlo Aall, Mark Meyer, Gabriel Jorda, Julie Gobert, Mathilda Englund, Karin Andre, Muriel Bour, Emmanuel M. N. A. N. Attoh, Brigt Dale, Kathrin Renner, Adeline Cauchy, Saskia Reuschel, Florence Rudolf, Miguel Agulles, Camilo Melo-Aguilar, Marc Zebisch, Stefan Kienberger
Summary: As the climate crisis worsens, there is a growing demand for scientific evidence from Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments (CRVA). In this study, we propose 12 methodological advancements to the Impact Chain-based CRVA (IC-based CRVA) framework, which combines participatory and data-driven approaches to identify and measure climate risks in complex socio-ecological systems. These advancements improve the framework in terms of workflow, stakeholder engagement, uncertainty management, socio-economic scenario modeling, and transboundary climate risk examination. Through eleven case studies, we demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the IC-based CRVA framework in producing accurate and insightful results.
FRONTIERS IN CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Maria Arias, Claudia Notarnicola, Miguel Angel Campo-Besc, Luis Miguel Arregui, Jesus Alvarez-Mozos
Summary: Soil moisture is a crucial variable in agriculture, affecting crop development, yield forecasting, and food security. Microwave remote sensing shows potential for estimating soil moisture, especially with the use of Sentinel-1 time series data. This study evaluates three change detection methodologies for soil moisture estimation over wheat fields, with varying results. The accuracy of the methodologies is influenced by soil moisture content and field conditions. Overall, the results are considered promising for future application in irrigation management.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Elena Tello-Garcia, Edoardo Mandolini, Erich Tasser, Maraike Probst, Ursula Peintner, Ulrike Tappeiner, Georg Leitinger
Summary: The effects of plant-soil interactions on plant productivity and traits under drought conditions were investigated in this study. The reduction of soil microbial load by soil steam sterilization resulted in increased plant productivity under wet conditions and led to plant traits associated with fast-growing strategies. Drought in sterilized soil decreased productivity, promoted earlier wilting and resulted in the development of plant traits associated with a more slow-growing strategy.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mariapina Castelli, Giovanni Peratoner, Luca Pasolli, Giulia Molisse, Alexander Dovas, Gabriel Sicher, Alice Crespi, Mattia Rossi, Mohammad Hussein Alasawedah, Evelyn Soini, Roberto Monsorno, Claudia Notarnicola
Summary: This study estimates yield losses in mountain grasslands in north-eastern Italy due to drought events, which is important for the development of index-based insurance. The leaf area index (LAI) is used as a proxy for yield due to its high correlation. LAI is estimated using the Sentinel-2 biophysical processor and different gap-filling methods are compared. The grassland production index (GPI) is derived as the cumulative product of LAI and a water stress coefficient, and the drought index is calculated as an anomaly of GPI. Validation results show satisfactory agreement between Sentinel-2 LAI and ground measurements.
Article
Geography, Physical
Valentina Premier, Carlo Marin, Giacomo Bertoldi, Riccardo Barella, Claudia Notarnicola, Lorenzo Bruzzone
Summary: This study reconstructs the snow water equivalent (SWE) at a high spatial resolution (25 m) using multi-source data. It proposes a novel approach to determine the pixel state based on in situ observations, temperature data, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and uses high- and low-resolution multispectral optical satellite images to define the days of snow presence. The proposed method achieves good results in two test catchments and shows good agreement with reference maps, coarser resolution data, and manual measurements.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ruth Stephan, Stefano Terzi, Mathilde Erfurt, Silvia Cocuccioni, Kerstin Stahl, Marc Zebisch
Summary: This study aims to understand the vulnerability of agriculture to drought in Europe's pre-Alpine region using a mixed-method approach. Two case studies were conducted, and vulnerability factors were identified by regional experts and combined with quantitative data analyses. Two aggregation methods were implemented, resulting in vulnerability maps that showed higher vulnerability when the factors were weighted by experts' opinions. The study highlights the value of mapping vulnerability using different aggregation methods as a sensitivity analysis.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Stefan Zerbe, Stefanie T. Storz, Georg Leitinger, Natalia Zoe Joelson, Jose Bava, Steffi Heinrichs, Christoph Leuschner, Gabriel Loguercio, Alois Simon, Maria F. Urretavizcaya, Helge Walentowski
Summary: Natural forests and stands with little to moderate human impact are declining worldwide, leading to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study investigates the regeneration of a keystone species, Nothofagus dombeyi, in secondary forests in Argentinian northern Patagonia and finds that moderate grazing can promote its regeneration.