Article
Oceanography
Wenli Qiao, Lichuan Wu, Jinbao Song, Xue Li, Fangli Qiao, Anna Rutgersson
Summary: Ocean waves have a significant impact on the air-sea momentum flux, causing both magnitude and directional differences between the ocean-side and air-side stresses. These differences are more pronounced in coastal areas and under specific wind and wave conditions.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luca Ferrero, Lorenzo Scibetta, Piotr Markuszewski, Mikolaj Mazurkiewicz, Violetta Drozdowska, Przemyslaw Makuch, Patrycja Jutrzenka-Trzebiatowska, Adriana Zaleska-Medynska, Sergio Ando, Francesco Saliu, E. Douglas Nilsson, E. Bolzacchini
Summary: Microplastics (MPs) pollution is a significant problem on Earth and has been identified in various natural environments. This study examined the concentrations, composition, and transport of atmospheric and marine MPs in the Baltic Sea. The results revealed higher average concentrations of airborne microplastics in the harbor compared to the open sea, but similar compositions were found in both environments. The findings also demonstrated the ability of atmospheric MPs to remain suspended in the air and estimated the emission fluxes from the sea surface, indicating a potential long-range transport of microplastics across the sea.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jing He, Hong Zhang, Yingxue Ma, Yuwei He, Zhuo Liu, Junyu Liu, Sheng Wang, Yaqi Liu, Kai Yu, Jie Jiang
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of salt cations in sea spray aerosols (SSAs) on the ozonolysis of model lung phospholipids at the air-water interface. The results show that salt cations facilitate the interfacial ozonolysis of phospholipids, and this facilitation is dependent on the concentration, charge number, and ion radius of the salt cations. The mechanism study reveals that the electrostatic interaction between the phospholipids and the salt cations disrupts the packing of the phospholipids, making the oleyl chains more susceptible to ozone. The aerosolization of salt-dominated artificial seawater and real seawater also demonstrates a significant increase in the ozonolysis of phospholipids intervened by salt cations.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Mechanics
Luc Deike
Summary: Breaking waves have a significant impact on the climate system by influencing the transfer of energy, momentum, and mass between the ocean and atmosphere. This article explores the importance of drops and bubbles generated by breaking waves and discusses recent progress in understanding the processes involved. It also proposes a pathway towards mechanistic parameterizations that account for the effects of sea state.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gang Li, Kai Xiao, Qianqian Wang, Yan Zhang, Haitao Li, Hailong Li
Summary: Lakes play a significant role in the carbon cycles of inland aquatic systems, and meteorology has profound effects on CO2 exchanges between wetlands and the atmosphere. The Baiyangdian Lake in North China acts as a major CO2 sink, with temperature and evapotranspiration being the main driving factors. Precipitation and wind speed also influence CO2 sinks, with larger summertime precipitation inhibiting CO2 uptake. This study provides valuable insights into the variation of CO2 sink fluxes in wetlands under changing meteorological factors, contributing to a better understanding of global lake carbon fluxes.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
B. Neel, M. A. Erinin, L. Deike
Summary: Understanding the physico-chemical conditions of bubble bursting on the production of aerosols is crucial. This study experimentally demonstrates that the coupling between the chemical properties of contaminated water and the physical mechanism of droplet production during bubble bursting controls the efficiency of aerosol production, revealing an optimal production regime at intermediate contamination. This fundamental research paves the way for improved predictions of aerosol production in contaminated water.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ning Luo, Yange Feng, Liqiang Zhang, Weixiang Sun, Daoai Wang, Xiaojun Sun, Feng Zhou, Weimin Liu
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between charge accumulation and tribological behavior during the friction process, revealing that eliminating charge accumulation can optimize friction performance and control the coefficient of friction. The experimental results demonstrate the close connection between tribology and triboelectricity, providing a new strategy for regulating interface tribological behavior for various requirements.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryoji Kusaka, Satoshi Nihonyanagi, Tahei Tahara
Summary: The study directly observed a photochemical reaction occurring at the air-water interface using ultrafast phase-sensitive interface-selective nonlinear vibrational spectroscopy. The results showed that the reaction rate at the water surface is 10^4 times faster than in the bulk aqueous phase, indicating significant differences in photochemical reactions between water interfaces and bulk water.
Article
Mechanics
Mehdi Vahab, David Murphy, Kourosh Shoele
Summary: This study investigates the physics of the impact of snow and hail particles on liquid surfaces using a numerical model. The melting rate and air content of the particles are found to be key factors affecting the formation of vortex rings and the transportation of gas bubbles. Water temperature plays a significant role in phase change and thermal transport, while particle temperature has minimal effect. The Reynolds, Weber, and Stefan numbers have different effects on the flow dynamics of snow particles.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Di Wu, Jianfang Chen, Kui Wang, Xiaobo Ni, Dewang Li, Dingyong Zeng, Wei Fan, Dawei Xu
Summary: Biological activities and seawater mixing are the main factors affecting the changes in sea surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Changjiang River plume. When the net community production exceeds a certain threshold, the air-sea interface of estuaries will shift from being a carbon source to a carbon sink, and vice versa.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Michele Pinelli, H. Herlina, J. G. Wissink, M. Uhlmann
Summary: In this study, turbulent open channel flow coupled with passive scalar transport was investigated using direct numerical simulations. The results show the presence of very large-scale motions even at relatively modest Reynolds numbers. The scaling relationship between transfer velocity and Schmidt number is consistent with previous studies and theoretical predictions. However, the scaling relationship between transfer velocity and Reynolds number depends on the definition of Reynolds number used. The study also validates the two-regime model proposed by Theofanous et al. and reveals the significant influence of small-scale vortices on mass transfer for turbulent Reynolds numbers larger than 500. Additionally, it was found that the root mean square of surface divergence is proportional to the mean transfer velocity, but the spatial correlation between instantaneous surface divergence and transfer velocity decreases with increasing Schmidt number and increases with increasing Reynolds number.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cheng You, Michael Tjernstrom, Abhay Devasthale, Daniel Steinfeld
Summary: Using ERA5 reanalysis, positive trends in poleward transport of moisture and heat over the winter Barents Sea sector and summer East Siberian Sea sector during 1979-2018 were found. The increase in blocking occurrence can explain these trends. The high linear correlation between blocking occurrence and temperature suggests their contribution to the regional warming trend.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Bin Jia, Xue'en Chen, Peng Zheng
Summary: The role of the heat exchange coefficient (HEC) at the ice/ocean interface in Bohai Sea ice simulations was studied in this research. The simulations showed that HEC plays a major role during ice melting and can modulate ice freezing/melting at the ice/ocean interface. The study also found that HEC values are larger in the marginal ice zone.
CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrea Milinkovic, Abra Penezic, Ana Cvitesic Kusan, Valentina Gluscic, Silva Zuzul, Sanda Skejic, Danijela Santic, Ranka Godec, Gordana Pehnec, Dario Omanovic, Anja Engel, Sanja Frka
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of atmospheric deposition on the sea surface biogeochemical processes and found that local biomass burning events significantly increased the concentration of DIN in aerosols, affecting the short-term enrichment of organic matter in the sea surface microlayer.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junghee Yun, Kyung-Ja Ha
Summary: This study evaluates the conditions favorable for fog generation in the Yellow Sea and examines the physical processes underlying fog using direct observations and data analysis. The study also classifies the characteristics of air masses associated with fog events and analyzes the turbulent air-sea fluxes related to fog formations. The results provide valuable insights into the fogging processes over the ocean.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hansol D. Lee, Holly S. Morris, Olga Laskina, Camille M. Sultana, Christopher Lee, Thilina Jayarathne, Joshua L. Cox, Xiaofei Wang, Elias S. Hasenecz, Paul J. DeMott, Timothy H. Bertram, Christopher D. Cappa, Elizabeth A. Stone, Kimberly A. Prather, Vicki H. Grassian, Alexei Tivanski
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gordon A. Novak, Timothy H. Bertram
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiaoyun Peng, Brett B. Palm, Kira E. Melander, Ben H. Lee, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Teresa Campos, Andrew J. Weinheimer, Eric C. Apel, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Alan J. Hills, Denise D. Montzka, Frank Flocke, Lu Hu, Wade Permar, Catherine Wielgasz, Jakob Lindaas, Ilana B. Pollack, Emily Fischer, Timothy H. Bertram, Joel A. Thornton
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Brian J. Butterworth, Ankur R. Desai, Stefan Metzger, Philip A. Townsend, Mark D. Schwartz, Grant W. Petty, Matthias Mauder, Hannes Vogelmann, Christian G. Andresen, Travis J. Augustine, Timothy H. Bertram, William O. J. Brown, Michael Buban, Patricia Cleary, David J. Durden, Christopher R. Florian, Trevor J. Iglinski, Eric L. Kruger, Kathleen Lantz, Temple R. Lee, Tilden P. Meyers, James K. Mineau, Erik R. Olson, Steven P. Oncley, Sreenath Paleri, Rosalyn A. Pertzborn, Claire Pettersen, David M. Plummer, Laura D. Riihimaki, Eliceo Ruiz Guzman, Joseph Sedlar, Elizabeth N. Smith, Johannes Speidel, Paul C. Stoy, Matthias Suehring, Jonathan E. Thom, David D. Turner, Michael P. Vermeuel, Timothy J. Wagner, Zhien Wang, Luise Wanner, Loren D. White, James M. Wilczak, Daniel B. Wright, Ting Zheng
Summary: The CHEESEHEAD19 project aims to study how the atmospheric boundary layer responds to spatial heterogeneity in surface energy fluxes, by deploying an extensive array of ground, tower, profiling, and airborne instruments to improve model-data comparison and integration.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dagen D. Hughes, Megan B. Christiansen, Alissa Milani, Michael P. Vermeuel, Gordon A. Novak, Hariprasad D. Alwe, Angela F. Dickens, R. Bradley Pierce, Dylan B. Millet, Timothy H. Bertram, Charles O. Stanier, Elizabeth A. Stone
Summary: The Lake Michigan Ozone Study conducted in 2017 aimed to understand the sources contributing to ozone and fine particles along the Lake Michigan coast. The study found that different weather patterns during high ozone periods affected the regional characteristics of PM2.5. The research also highlighted the importance of anthropogenic sulfate emissions and aerosol acidity on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michael P. Vermeuel, Patricia A. Cleary, Ankur R. Desai, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: The study reveals a significant contribution of nonstomatal pathways in canopy to the dry deposition of O-3, which is not correctly captured in current models. Stomatal uptake and estimated absorption only explain a small portion of O-3 loss.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle J. Angle, Daniel R. Crocker, Rebecca M. C. Simpson, Kathryn J. Mayer, Lauren A. Garofalo, Alexia N. Moore, Stephanie L. Mora Garcia, Victor W. Or, Sudarshan Srinivasan, Mahum Farhan, Jon S. Sauer, Christopher Lee, Matson A. Pothier, Delphine K. Farmer, Todd R. Martz, Timothy H. Bertram, Christopher D. Cappa, Kimberly A. Prather, Vicki H. Grassian
Summary: This research demonstrates that freshly emitted sea spray aerosols have significantly lower pH values than seawater, with smaller aerosol particles having even lower pH values. Aerosol acidity is found to be correlated with dissolved carbon dioxide but not with marine biology within seawater. The study discusses the mechanisms and implications of this acidity on atmospheric chemistry.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Austin G. Doak, Megan B. Christiansen, Hariprasad D. Alwe, Timothy H. Bertram, Gregory Carmichael, Patricia Cleary, Alan C. Czarnetzki, Angela F. Dickens, Mark Janssen, Donna Kenski, Dylan B. Millet, Gordon A. Novak, Bradley R. Pierce, Elizabeth A. Stone, Russell W. Long, Michael P. Vermeuel, Timothy J. Wagner, Lukas Valin, Charles O. Stanier
Summary: The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) involved two well-instrumented coastal ground sites on the western shore of Lake Michigan, which encountered elevated ozone concentrations during the study period. Local source impacts were found to represent less than about 15% of typical concentrations measured, and implications for model-observation comparison and future field campaigns were discussed.
JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hau D. Le, Gordon A. Novak, Kevin C. Janek, Jesse Wang, Khang N. Huynh, Chris Myer, Adam Weinstein, Erick L. Oberstar, Jim Rasmussen, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: The BADGER device is an affordable and scalable solution that effectively reduces the risk of healthcare providers getting infected with COVID-19. By capturing droplets and aerosol particles, it provides an additional layer of protection for healthcare workers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
David A. Rothamer, Scott Sanders, Douglas Reindl, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: The study indicates that aerosol transmission is a significant mode of transmission for the novel coronavirus, and ventilation plays a crucial role in reducing infection risk. Properly donned masks and improved filtration efficiency can effectively reduce the probability of infection.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emily B. Franklin, Michael R. Alves, Alexia N. Moore, Delaney B. Kilgour, Gordon A. Novak, Kathryn Mayer, Jonathan S. Sauer, Robert J. Weber, Duyen Dang, Margaux Winter, Christopher Lee, Christopher D. Cappa, Timothy H. Bertram, Kimberly A. Prather, Vicki H. Grassian, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: Researchers found that benzothiazoles in coastal waters are primarily from anthropogenic sources, and the oxidation of gas-phase benzothiazole can lead to the formation of secondary aerosols in the atmosphere, potentially contributing to the formation of secondary marine aerosols in coastal regions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Steven J. Kregel, Blaise J. Thompson, Gilbert M. Nathanson, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: The Wisconsin Oscillator is a small, inexpensive, low-power circuit designed to power ion-guiding devices, producing high-frequency antiphase RF waveforms. It is user-friendly and provides significant advantages in terms of cost and efficiency.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gordon A. Novak, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Ian Faloona, Joel A. Thornton, Glenn M. Wolfe, Michael P. Vermeuel, Christopher M. Jernigan, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Ilann Bourgeois, Carsten Warneke, Georgios Gkatzelis, Mathew M. Coggon, Kanako Sekimoto, T. Paul Bui, Jonathan Dean-Day, Glenn S. Diskin, Joshua P. DiGangi, John B. Nowak, Richard H. Moore, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Claire Robinson, K. Lee Thornhill, Kevin J. Sanchez, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Maximilian Dollner, Bernadett Weinzierl, Donald R. Blake, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: This study reveals that the oxidation of DMS in the marine atmosphere is reduced by cloud loss, affecting the generation of sulfur aerosols and altering the dynamics of marine aerosols, ultimately impacting cloud formation, radiative forcing, and climate.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Timothy H. Bertram, Emmanuel Assaf, Glenn M. Wolfe, Christina J. Williamson, Bernadett Weinzierl, Simone Tilmes, Chelsea R. Thompson, Alexander B. Thames, Jason C. Schroder, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Andrew W. Rollins, James M. Roberts, Derek Price, Jeff Peischl, Benjamin A. Nault, Kristian H. Moller, David O. Miller, Simone Meinardi, Qinyi Li, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Agnieszka Kupc, Henrik G. Kjaergaard, Douglas Kinnison, Jose L. Jimenez, Christopher M. Jernigan, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Alan Hills, Maximilian Dollner, Douglas A. Day, Carlos A. Cuevas, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, James Burkholder, T. Paul Bui, William H. Brune, Steven S. Brown, Charles A. Brock, Ilann Bourgeois, Donald R. Blake, Eric C. Apel, Thomas B. Ryerson
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
David Rothamer, Scott Sanders, Douglas Reindl, Timothy Bertram
Summary: This article focuses on quantifying the strategies to reduce the probability of infection by the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, in high occupant density indoor environments. Using a modified version of the Wells-Riley model, the conditional probability of infection is predicted for different scenarios involving airborne exposure and protective measures like air change rates, in-room air filtration, and masks with varying levels of filtration efficiency.