Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jacek Baranski, Aleksandra Suchta, Sylwia Baranska, Ivan Klement, Tatiana Vilkovska, Peter Vilkovsky
Summary: The impregnation process of pine wood samples was found to have a significant impact on electrical resistance changes and moisture-content measurement accuracy. Impregnated wood samples with copper salt showed higher conductivity compared to nonimpregnated samples, especially when the wood moisture content was significantly above the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP).
Article
Forestry
Ruixia Qin, Huadong Xu, Yanbo Hu, Liming Zhao, Nengzhi Chen
Summary: The study investigated the effect of frequency and temperature on the dielectric properties of wood with different moisture contents. The results showed that the dielectric constant of wood increased with increasing moisture content and temperature, while it decreased with increasing frequency. The change in the dielectric loss factor was more complex. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further research on the dielectric properties of wood with high moisture content and the measurement and calibration of moisture content in standing trees.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. N. Romanov
Summary: This article studies the behavior features of dielectric characteristics of wood water in different phenophases and establishes a model to calculate the dielectric properties. The research provides insights into the moisture status of wood and its influencing factors.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Guillaume Giroud, Emmanuel Duchateau, Isabelle Auger, Filip Havreljuk, Julie Barrette
Summary: This study investigated wood discoloration in paper birch trees across Quebec, Canada, and found that the impact of discoloration on trees was limited, with regional variations observed. Higher proportions of discolored basal area were found in warmer and drier southwestern areas, while lower proportions were found in eastern regions with more snowfall. This research confirms the feasibility of large-scale mapping of wood discoloration in standing trees based on forest inventory and climate data.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Livia Freire Baliza, Carlos Henrique da Silva, Evelize Aparecida Amaral, Fernanda Maria Guedes Ramalho, Paulo Fernando Trugilho, Honggang Sun, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein
Summary: A multivariate regression model was developed to estimate the moisture content (MC) of wood using near infrared (NIR) spectra, and was applied to monitor the spatial variation in MC during air- and oven-drying. The wood pieces were analyzed at different stages during drying and NIR-based regression was used to estimate the MC and map its spatial gradient.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yufa Gao, Yongdong Zhou, Zongying Fu
Summary: This study investigated the shrinkage behavior of Queensland peppermint wood at both macroscopic and cellular levels, revealing significant anisotropic shrinkage in the moisture content range of 32-22%. The cellular level showed considerable shrinkage at 42% moisture content, with a linear relationship between total wood cell shrinkage and moisture content.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Diego Elustondo, Nirundorn Matan, Timothy Langrish, Shusheng Pang
Summary: This paper provides a review of research and development in wood drying, focusing on the understanding of the drying process, mechanisms of drying defect occurrence, and affecting factors. Recent progress in understanding drying stress development and wood collapse formation are presented, along with improvements in drying schedule and novel drying technologies. The application of artificial intelligence for modeling and control of timber drying is also briefly discussed. Recommendations for future studies and practical implementation are provided.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Paavo A. Penttila, Aleksi Zitting, Tainise Lourencon, Michael Altgen, Ralf Schweins, Lauri Rautkari
Summary: The water-accessibility of nanoscale pores within unmodified Norway spruce cell walls was studied using SANS and FTIR, revealing two distinct processes of water exchange between cellulose microfibrils with different timescales - one occurring within minutes and the other continuing for weeks.
Article
Forestry
Martin Felhofer, Peter Bock, Nannan Xiao, Christoph Preimesberger, Martin Lindemann, Christian Hansmann, Notburga Gierlinger
Summary: Oak heartwood darkens during drying, and non-colored areas on wood boards are caused by heterogeneous distribution of tannins. Raman and fluorescence microscopy revealed crystalline ellagic acid precipitations in non-colored areas, especially in ray cells with higher density. Dense areas accumulate hydrolyzed tannins during drying, leading to irreversible precipitation of non-colored ellagic acid and preventing chemical reactions causing wood darkening. Adjusting drying and processing parameters is necessary to avoid water domains and ellagic acid precipitations in wood boards with pronounced density fluctuations.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shenghan Zhuang, Jian Wang, Min Li, Changqing Yang, Jingchun Chen, Xiangquan Zhang, Zedong Zhao, Di Li, Jiaolong Ren
Summary: High-modulus asphalt mixtures (HMAM) have been widely used in high-temperature areas of China due to their advantages in rutting and fatigue resistance. However, the degradation of HMAM pavement performance is influenced by the combined action of moisture contents and temperatures. This study analyzed the moisture absorption characteristics of HMAM at different temperatures and investigated its rutting and fatigue performance under various moisture contents, temperatures, and stress levels.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. V. Syrodoy, G. V. Kuznetsov, N. A. Nigay, M. V. Purin, Zh. A. Kostoreva
Summary: The article presents the results of experimental studies that examine the effect of biomass density on the drying time of woody biomass during radiation-convective heating. It is found that increasing the density of the biomass layer can significantly accelerate the drying process, with an increase in density of 1.7 times leading to a 23% increase in average layer temperature during the drying period. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that increasing the density of crushed woody biomass can enhance thermal conductivity and improve drying efficiency.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yu-tao Huang, Wei Wu, Ti-yuan Zhao, Min Lu, Hua-ping Wu, Dong-dong Cao
Summary: High-temperature drying of rice seeds with high initial moisture content leads to accumulation of reactive oxygen species and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes. It also significantly affects the content of abscisic acid and gibberellin, leading to decreased seed vigor during germination. Additionally, high-temperature drying inhibits the activity of alpha-amylase during early seed germination.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xingang Xu, Tianyuan Zhao, Jianing Ma, Qi Song, Qiao Wei, Weihong Sun
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two-stage variable temperature drying (VTD) on the quality and drying efficiency of paddy rice in the hot air-drying process. It was observed that the VTD method could reduce drying time and fissuring rate, and improve head rice yield compared to constant temperature drying (CTD).
Article
Forestry
Sohrab Rahimi, Stavros Avramidis, Ciprian Lazarescu
Summary: This study predicts and characterizes moisture variation in kiln-dried wood using polynomial models based on initial and target moisture values. Three models successfully characterize final moisture variation, with the best one having an R-2 > 96%. The linear model is the most resilient and recommended for estimating final moisture variation.
Article
Forestry
Xiaoxue Song, Jiajian Wei, Zhuyuan Mao, Xiang Chi, Zhipeng Zhu, Guangping Han, Wanli Cheng
Summary: This study investigated the drying behavior of a waterborne wood coating on pine wood using hot air drying. The results showed that both temperature and humidity had significant effects on the surface drying time. Temperature had a greater effect on the wear resistance of the coating films than humidity. The optimal drying conditions were determined to be 60°C and 55% relative humidity.
Article
Mechanics
Marko Hyvarinen, Mikko Ronkanen, Timo Karki
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2019)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Petri Sormunen, Timo Karki
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Petri Sormunen, Timo Karki
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ville Lahtela, Sami Virolainen, Andreas Uwaoma, Mari Kallioinen, Timo Karki, Tuomo Sainio
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2019)
Review
Materials Science, Composites
Vardaan Chauhan, Timo Karki, Juha Varis
Summary: Interest in natural fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP) composites is growing rapidly in the transportation sector as a replacement for metals and synthetic fiber composites, due to their low cost, low environmental impact, and equivalent properties to metals and other composites.
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marko Hyvarinen, Mikko Ronkanen, Timo Karki
WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Polymer Science
Marko Hyvarinen, Rowshni Jabeen, Timo Karki
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ville Lahtela, Marko Hyvarinen, Timo Karki
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sankar Karuppannan Gopalraj, Timo Kaerki
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qaisar Munir, Riku Peltonen, Timo Karki
Summary: This investigation focused on studying the printing parameter requirements for sustainable 3D printable geopolymer materials using side streams of industries as raw materials. Results showed that heating significantly improved buildability and setting of the material, while an increase in reactive recyclable material content led to decreased strength and workability. Furthermore, longer curing time increased compressive strength but decreased flexural strength, and the number of layers in test samples affected their strength performance.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sankar Karuppannan Gopalraj, Timo Karki
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Luka Ivanovskis, Timo Karki, Ville Lahtela
NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR INNOVATION BREAKTHROUGHS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND EMERGING ECONOMIES
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Manufacturing
Sami Matthews, Amir Toghyani, Panu Tanninen, Marko Hyvarinen, Ville Leminen, Timo Karki, Juha Varis
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 22ND INTERNATIONAL ESAFORM CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL FORMING (ESAFORM 2019)
(2019)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kati Mustonen, Ville Lahtela, Timo Karki
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ossi Martikka, Timo Karki