Review
Psychiatry
Amanda Kiemes, Cathy Davies, Matthew J. Kempton, Paulina B. Lukow, Carly Bennallick, James M. Stone, Gemma Modinos
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the relationship between H-1-MRS glutamate and/or GABA levels and task-related fMRI signals in the healthy brain. Negative associations were found between local GABA levels and fMRI activation to visual tasks in the occipital lobe, and to emotion processing in the medial prefrontal cortex/ anterior cingulate cortex, while no significant association was found between mPFC/ACC glutamate levels and fMRI activation. Additionally, the review revealed negative associations between GABA levels and local brain activity, and positive associations between glutamate levels and distal brain activity, outside of the H-1-MRS sampling region.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. E. Kirkland, Brittney D. D. Browning, ReJoyce Green, Helen Liu, Anna M. M. Maralit, Pamela L. L. Ferguson, Dieter J. J. Meyerhoff, James J. J. Prisciandaro, Robert Miranda Jr, Kathleen T. T. Brady, Rachel L. L. Tomko, Kevin M. M. Gray, Lindsay M. M. Squeglia
Summary: Current treatments for adolescent alcohol use disorder (AUD) are limited in their efficacy, so investigating pharmacotherapies as adjunctive treatments is crucial. N-acetylcysteine is a promising candidate due to its tolerability and ability to modulate neurotransmitter systems. This preliminary investigation found no significant differences in brain metabolite levels or alcohol use between N-acetylcysteine and placebo, possibly due to the young age and non-treatment seeking status of the participants.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
George Zacharopoulos, Francesco Sella, Kathrin Cohen Kadosh, Uzay Emir, Roi Cohen Kadosh
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between test anxiety and the glutamate/GABA balance using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results showed that the glutamate/GABA balance is associated with current test anxiety levels and can predict future test anxiety. This relationship was observed during early childhood but not during later developmental stages.
Article
Psychiatry
Ines Bernardino, Ana Dionisio, Ines R. Violante, Raquel Monteiro, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: Excitatory/inhibitory imbalance has been suggested as a neurobiological substrate of the cognitive symptomatology in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A study using a comprehensive approach combining MRS and TMS techniques found increased Glx levels and unchanged GABA+ levels in ASD adults. Additionally, exploratory TMS experiments revealed impaired inhibition in ASD. The study highlights the need for larger-scale investigations of the GABA system in ASD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Caldwell, Douglas L. Rothman
Summary: This review highlights the importance of H-1-MRS technology in identifying specific biomarkers for ALS and monitoring disease progression. The findings suggest that an increase in neuronal glutamate concentration and a decrease in GABA levels may be specific pathophysiological features of ALS, which could enhance the specificity of H-1-MRS detection and monitoring of ALS progression. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to further validate these findings and understand changes in ratios over time.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Gerrit L. J. Onderwater, Jannie P. Wijnen, Chloe Najac, Robin M. van Dongen, Itamar Ronen, Andrew Webb, Ronald Zielman, Erik W. van Zwet, Michel D. Ferrari, Hermien E. Kan, Mark C. Kruit, Gisela M. Terwindt
Summary: Enhanced activity of the glutamatergic system may be involved in the pathophysiology of migraines. This study used high- resolution 7T MR spectroscopy to show changes in the glutamatergic system during a migraine attack, with an increase in GABA concentration observed in migraine patients compared to healthy controls.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Caroline A. Lea-Carnall, Wael El-Deredy, Charlotte J. Stagg, Stephen R. Williams, Nelson J. Trujillo-Barreto
Summary: Advances in fMRS have allowed for quantification of neurotransmitter changes, but the underlying physiological processes remain unclear. This study uses computational modeling to propose a mechanism for the observed changes in GABA and glutamate concentrations. The model suggests that fMRS detects shifts in neurotransmitter concentrations as they cycle between different pools. Simulations from the model correspond to empirical fMRS data and predict a selective control mechanism for the GABA/glutamate relationship. This study bridges the gap between neural dynamics and fMRS and highlights the importance of echo-time as a timing parameter.
Article
Neurosciences
Tal Finkelman, Edna Furman-Haran, Rony Paz, Assaf Tal
Summary: The article discusses methods for evaluating the excitatory-inhibitory balance at 7T, comparing edited and non-edited strategies. It was found that non-edited sequences at an echo time of 80 ms provide better reproducibility than either edited sequences at the same TE, or non-edited sequences at a shorter TE of 42 ms. This is supported by numerical simulations.
Article
Psychiatry
Tiffany C. Ho, Giana I. Teresi, Jillian R. Segarra, Amar Ojha, Johanna C. Walker, Meng Gu, Daniel M. Spielman, Matthew D. Sacchet, Fei Jiang, Yael Rosenberg-Hasson, Holden Maecker, Ian H. Gotlib
Summary: This study found that peripheral inflammation in adolescents with depression can affect glutamate levels in the brain, and antioxidants like ascorbate may help mitigate the impact of inflammation on glutamate metabolism. The results underscore the importance of considering both immune and neural factors in studying depression, and highlight the potential role of anti-inflammatory compounds in alleviating the adverse effects of inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Duanghathai Pasanta, Jason L. He, Talitha Ford, Georg Oeltzschner, David J. Lythgoe, Nicolaas A. Puts
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the application of fMRS in investigating the neurometabolic responses of the neurotransmitters Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA. The results showed moderate effect sizes for Glutamate and Glutamine, regardless of stimulus domain and brain region, while no significant effects were observed for GABA. Further analysis revealed differences in the responses of Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA based on stimulus domain or task, as well as the time course of stimulation and data acquisition. This work emphasizes the importance of standardized reporting and best practices in fMRS research.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Juergen Dukart, Stefan Holiga, Michael Rullmann, Rupert Lanzenberger, Peter C. T. Hawkins, Mitul A. Mehta, Swen Hesse, Henryk Barthel, Osama Sabri, Robert Jech, Simon B. Eickhoff
Summary: Recent studies have shown that drug-induced spatial alterations are associated with specific receptor systems. The JuSpace toolbox allows for cross-modal correlation of MRI-based measures with estimates of neurotransmitter systems. Significant spatial associations were found between activity alterations in Parkinson's disease patients and dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Alice Egerton
Summary: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a neuroimaging technique that can measure brain metabolite concentrations and is promising in developing drugs for psychiatric disorders. Studies show it can detect drug effects on brain metabolites, aiding in understanding therapeutic mechanisms and identifying patient subgroups.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
S. Andrea Wijtenburg, Jeffrey West, Stephanie A. Korenic, Franchesca Kuhney, Frank E. Gaston, Hongji Chen, Laura M. Rowland
Summary: Individuals with schizophrenia show altered visual plasticity possibly related to basal GABA levels, while healthy controls exhibit normal visual plasticity. Regional differences in visual plasticity were found in the left visual cortical area V2 when comparing the two groups.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Bruna A. Sottili, Roseli G. Shavitt, Antonio C. Lopes, Carolina Cappi, Maria Alice de Mathis, Bruno Pastorello, Juliana B. Diniz, Renata M. F. Silva, Euripedes C. Miguel, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Maria C. Otaduy
Summary: Recent H-1-MRS studies have found abnormal levels of glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid in the brains of OCD patients, potentially related to hyperactivation in cortico-striatal circuits. The study identified decreased Glu/Cr concentrations in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex of OCD patients, indicating an imbalance in excitatory neurotransmission.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jonas Persson, Anders Wall, Jan Weis, Malin Gingnell, Gunnar Antoni, Mark Lubberink, Robert Boden
Summary: This study compared GABA and Glu levels and GABA(A) receptor availability in patients with depression and healthy controls using H-1-MRS and PET techniques. The results showed a balance between GABA and Glu levels in the dACC, and did not support the GABA-deficit hypothesis in depression.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Scott E. Bowen, John H. Hannigan, Cameron J. Davidson, Sean P. Callan
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Psychiatry
Nash N. Boutros, Samiran Ghosh, Aminah Khan, Susan M. Bowyer, Matthew P. Galloway
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja, Matthew Galloway, Farhad Ghoddoussi, Andrea Kepsel, Pamela VandeVord
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja, Shane A. Perrine, Farhad Ghoddoussi, Christina S. Hall, Matthew P. Galloway, Pamela J. VandeVord
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Bustillo, Matthew P. Galloway, Farhad Ghoddoussi, Federico Bolognani, Nora Perrone-Bizzozero
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrew L. Eagle, Dayan Knox, Megan M. Roberts, Kostika Mulo, Israel Liberzon, Matthew P. Galloway, Shane A. Perrine
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Alana C. Conti, Jennifer L. Lowing, Laura L. Susick, Scott E. Bowen
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Scott E. Bowen, John H. Hannigan
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Biophysics
Venkata Siva Sai Sujith Sajja, Matthew P. Galloway, Farhad Ghoddoussi, Dhananjeyan Thiruthalinathan, Andrea Kepsel, Kathryn Hay, Cynthia A. Bir, Pamela J. VandeVord
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2012)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brittney M. Cox, Mrudang M. Shah, Teri Cichon, Manuel E. Tancer, Matthew P. Galloway, David M. Thomas, Shane A. Perrine
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2014)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shane A. Perrine, Farhad Ghoddoussi, Mark S. Michaels, Imran S. Sheikh, George McKelvey, Matthew P. Galloway
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2014)
Article
Substance Abuse
Scott E. Bowen
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2011)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Matthew P. Galloway
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Drew W. Svenson, Cameron J. Davidson, Chitra Thakur, Scott E. Bowen
Summary: This study assessed the pathological effects of acute inhaled toluene exposure on lung and brain tissues. The results showed that high concentrations of toluene exposure can induce inflammation and cellular damage in both lung and brain tissues.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)